Tesis de Pregrado

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Relación entre composición corporal, autocuidado y adherencia al tratamiento nutricional en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 que asisten a la "Casa de la Diabetes" Cuenca, Ecuador, agosto 2025 - enero 2026
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-11) Pauker Jaramillo, Heidy Paulina; Tacuri Guamán, María Elizabeth; Zúñiga Vega, Gabriela del Cisne
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease. Only in Ecuador, 5.53% of the population suffers from this condition. It requires complex treatment and patient responsibility. Several studies demonstrate that poor adherence to treatment is associated with a higher risk of complications. Objective: To analyze body composition in relation to self-care and adherence to nutritional treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes at the "Casa de la Diabetes" (Diabetes House) in the city of Cuenca. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive-analytical, crosssectional study was conducted between August 2025 and January 2026. The study included 70 adults between the ages of 20 and 64 who attend the "Casa de la Diabetes." The following instruments were used: bioimpedance to assess body composition, the SDSCA questionnaire for self-care, and the PDAQ for nutritional adherence. Results: 87% of participants were overweight and at high metabolic risk. Specific links were found between certain self-care practices, such as foot care, and muscle mass, and the consumption of high-fat foods was associated with high visceral fat. Patients with poor adherence to omega-3-rich foods also had high visceral fat. Conclusions: No statistically significant relationship was found between body composition, self-care level, and adherence to nutritional treatment.
Relación de la composición corporal con la calidad de la dieta, el perfil hepático y el perfil lipídico en pacientes con esteatosis hepática no alcohólica en el centro de especialidades Gastrocenter en la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-06) Teixeira Pedro González, Natalia ; Siccha Tuba, Johanna Maricela; Zúñiga Carpio, Gabriela Alexandra
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and inadequate dietary habits, with a high prevalence in the adult population. Objective: To analyze the relationship between body composition, diet quality, hepatic profile, and lipid profile in patients with NAFLD treated at the GastroCenter Specialty Center in the city of Cuenca. A quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted during the period from August 2025 to January 2026. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance, diet quality was evaluated using the Global Diet Quality Index, and biochemical parameters were measured through hepatic and lipid profile tests. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and association tests such as chi-square, and Spearman correlation. The sample consisted of 94 patients, with a mean age of 47 ± 14 years and a predominance of females (59.6%). A high frequency of obesity was observed (61.7%), and a very high body fat percentage was identified in 64.9% of participants, while muscle mass was mainly within normal ranges. Diet quality was primarily classified as “needs improvement” in 63.8% of cases. Dyslipidemia was identified in 72.3% of patients, and hepatic alterations were found in 34.0%. No significant associations were observed between overall diet quality and body composition or the hepatic profile; however, triglycerides showed relevant associations with body composition indicators.
Conductas y hábitos alimentarios, actividad física y su relación con la composición corporal y el riesgo cardiovascular en conductores del Sindicato de Choferes Profesionales de Cuenca, Ecuador, durante el periodo julio - diciembre de 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-02) Méndez Pardo, Danna Camila; Espinoza Duchi, Jennifer Paola; Morales Avilez, Diana Elizabeth
Background: Overweight and obesity represent a significant public health problem that affects different age groups, including adults. Among the most vulnerable groups are professional drivers, who, due to long working hours, sedentary lifestyles, and poor eating habits, have high rates of malnutrition due to excess weight. Objective: To determine the relationship between eating behavior and habits, physical activity, body composition, and cardiovascular risk in drivers aged 40 to 64 years old who are members of the Cuenca drivers' union. Methods: A quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted on 122 drivers selected for convenience. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance and waist circumference. Physical activity was measured using the IPAQ (short version) and eating behavior and habits were assessed using the questionnaire by Díaz et al. (2019). The analysis was performed in SPSS using chi-square. Results: 76.5% of drivers were malnourished due to excess. Likewise, 76.4% had a body fat percentage classified as very high, and 65.9% showed some level of cardiovascular risk according to their waist circumference. Conclusions: The study determined that eating behaviors and habits, as well as physical activity levels, are significantly related to body composition and cardiovascular risk in drivers, highlighting the need to promote healthy lifestyles in this population.
Descripción del estado nutricional, hábitos alimentarios, actividad física y ambientes alimentarios en niños que asisten a 7 escuelas fiscales del cantón Cuenca 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-02) Ramón Pizarro, Steven Josué; Alarcón Duy, Ronny Damian; Abril Ulloa, Sandra Victoria
Background: Rates of childhood malnutrition continue to increase; these alterations in nutritional status represent a multidimensional and multifactorial problem determined by dietary habits, physical activity, and the little-studied school food environment. Objective: To describe nutritional status, dietary habits, physical activity, and food environments in children attending seven public schools in the canton of Cuenca in 2025. Methods: Nutritional status was assessed through anthropometric measurements including weight, height, and waist circumference; body composition was evaluated using the bioelectrical impedance device InBody 120; dietary habits were described using a school-based questionnaire; physical activity was assessed using the APALQ questionnaire; and food environments were evaluated with a validated instrument. Results: Overweight and obesity were observed in 40.5% of the child population, with differences in body composition according to sex and age. Females showed a greater but non-progressive increase in fat mass, whereas males exhibited a greater and progressive increase in musculoskeletal mass. Dietary habits revealed a high consumption of sweets and carbonated beverages. Differences were observed in the origin of snacks: children who purchased food selected mainly processed products, while those who brought food from home consumed fruits, water, and dairy products. A total of 27.5% of the population was sedentary. Food environments differed by area: street food stalls were more common around rural schools, while restaurants predominated in urban areas, with unhealthy foods prevailing. Conclusions: The population showed a high prevalence of overweight and obesity, frequent consumption of processed foods, sedentary behavior, and school environments characterized by a predominance of unhealthy food options.
Relación entre la calidad de la dieta, la actividad física y el uso de redes sociales en adolescentes de 15 a 16 años del Colegio Nacional “26 de Noviembre”, cantón Zaruma - provincia de El Oro, 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-02) Palacios Mora, María Priscila; Morales Avilez, Diana Elizabeth
Background: Global nutrition is far from healthy and has not improved over the last decade. The consumption of processed foods is on the rise and social media has a major impact. In today's society, sedentary lifestyles have taken center stage in human beings' lives, with adolescents being the most affected by this new global problem. Objective: To determine the relationship between diet quality, physical activity, and social media use in young people aged 15-16 at the Colegio Nacional 26 de Noviembre in Zaruma, El Oro, 2025. Methodology: Quantitative cross-sectional analytical study. The number of participants was 156 adolescents, and the selection was simple random sampling. A survey on diet quality, physical activity, and social media use was administered. The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical program, and the results were presented in graphs and tables. Results: 75% of adolescents need to make changes to their diet, and 31% are sedentary. Social media use corresponds to a minimum value of 37 and a maximum value of 118. Conclusions: No significant relationship was found between diet quality and physical activity and social media use; however, there is a relationship between physical activity and social media use.
Relación de la composición corporal con la calidad de la dieta y el tiempo en pantallas en los docentes de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de Cuenca en 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-02) Chapa Muñoz, Lisseth Tatiana; Zhinin Tacuri, Christian David; Espinoza Fajardo, Ana Cristina
Background: The body composition of adults, especially health teachers, is closely related to screen time and diet quality, a relevant issue to address, given the current high prevalence of overweight and obesity, which is associated with a high percentage of body fat. Objective: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the relationship between body composition and diet quality and screen time in teachers at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the University of Cuenca in 2025. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with a sample of 145 teachers from the Faculty of Medical Sciences. Data such as sex, age, body composition, diet quality, and screen time were analyzed using instruments to analyze body composition, the Healthy Eating Index for the Spanish Population (IASE) survey, and the screen time survey, respectively. The SPSS program was used for data analysis, which is software that allows for the creation of a database, as well as statistical graphs that aid in understanding the results. Results: No statistically significant association was found between the variables analyzed, so it can be said that there is no relationship between body composition, screen time, and diet quality among faculty members at the University of Cuenca's Faculty of Medical Sciences.
Consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y su relación con la inseguridad alimentaria, estrés percibido y calidad de la dieta en mujeres gestantes de 19 a 45 años que acuden a Centros de Salud Tipo B y C de la ciudad de Cuenca - Ecuador, 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-02-27) Cabrera Tapia, Jessenia Anabel; Abril Ulloa, Sandra Victoria
Background: The increased consumption of ultra-processed foods in recent years has contributed to overweight, obesity, and different chronic diseases, especially during pregnancy. In Ecuador, many pregnant women experience malnutrition due to both low and excessive calorie intake, which increases the risk of complications for the mother and the fetus and can affect diet quality during pregnancy. Objective: To determine the relationship between the consumption of ultra-processed foods, food insecurity, perceived stress, and diet quality in pregnant women aged 19 to 45 years in the city of Cuenca. Methods: This was a crosssectional and analytical study conducted in Type B and C Health Centers in Cuenca. The sample included 305 pregnant women. Surveys and questionnaires were used to assess the consumption of ultra-processed foods, food insecurity, perceived stress, and diet quality. Results: The population was mainly composed of single, unemployed women with basic educational levels. Pre-pregnancy nutritional status showed malnutrition due to excess, with a predominance of overweight and obesity. In addition, 48.9% presented food insecurity, 99% reported high perceived stress, and 55.4% required changes in diet quality. A significant association was found between the consumption of ultra-processed foods, food insecurity, perceived stress, and diet quality. Conclusion: The consumption of ultra-processed foods in pregnant women is related to food insecurity, perceived stress, and lower diet quality.
Relación de la sarcopenia y el estado nutricional en los adultos mayores del ¨Centro de Atención del Adulto Mayor¨ de la ciudad de Loja. Loja-Ecuador 2025.
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-02-23) Hualpa Andino, Jemima Salomé; Hoyos Cortez, Vivian Gabriela; Morales Avilez, Diana Elizabeth
Introduction: Aging brings challenges such as sarcopenia and changes in nutritional status. At the Center for Elderly Care in Loja, there is a lack of recent studies on the relationship between sarcopenia and nutritional status. Objective: To determine the relationship between sarcopenia and nutritional status in older adults who attend this center in the city of Loja. Methodology: Cross-sectional analytical study with 191 older adults from the Senior Care Center. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) screening tool, and sarcopenia was classified into three grades: pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia, and severe sarcopenia. Results: According to the MNA, 91.1% had normal nutritional status and 8.9% were at risk of malnutrition. Regarding sarcopenia, 42.9% of the population showed pre-sarcopenia, 26.2% sarcopenia, 4.2% severe sarcopenia, while 26.7% did not present this condition. A significant association was found between age and the presence of sarcopenia (p < 0.001) and between nutritional status and area of residence (p = 0.025). Conclusion: There is no statistically significant association between sarcopenia and nutritional status in the population studied. However, a statistically significant association was identified between sarcopenia and advanced age, as well as between the risk of malnutrition and rural residence. The findings underscore the need to design multidisciplinary interventions for the early prevention and management of sarcopenia in this population.
Relación del estado nutricional con la inseguridad alimentaria y estrategias de afrontamiento en adolescentes de un colegio urbano-fiscal y un colegio rural-fiscal de la ciudad de Cuenca 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-02-20) Calle Pinos, Sofia Alejandra; Loja Arizabala, Johely Mariangel; Zúñiga Carpio, Gabriela Alexandra
Malnutrition is a serious problem in Ecuador that affects adolescents, as does food insecurity, which directly affects access to nutritious and sufficient food, negatively impacting the nutritional status and well-being of adolescents. Recent studies indicate that, in rural and urban areas of Latin America, many adolescents face difficulties in accessing food, leading to malnutrition, overweight, and changes in their eating patterns through various coping strategies (1,2). This study established the relationship between nutritional status, food insecurity, and coping strategies in adolescents aged 16 to 17 years from an urban public school and a rural public school in the city of Cuenca. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted between September 2025 and February 2026, with a sample of 255 high school sophomores from two public schools (urban-rural) in Cuenca. Nutritional status was assessed by weight, height, and body mass index, using WHO growth curves. Food insecurity and coping strategies were measured using validated self-administered scales. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and association tests (chi-square, p < 0.05). A significant relationship between nutritional status and coping strategies was anticipated. The results provided relevant information for designing interventions.
Percepciones de representantes y profesionales terapéuticos sobre el comportamiento alimentario y trastornos gastrointestinales en niños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) en Cuenca, Azuay, 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-02-20) Guillén Sánchez, Ana Emilia; González González, Yareli Nohelia; Zúñiga Carpio, Gabriela Alexandra
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience feeding difficulties and gastrointestinal disorders (GIDs). These situations can affect their well-being and that of their families, making it necessary to work collaboratively with different professionals to achieve more appropriate care. The general objective is to understand the perceptions and coping strategies of parents and therapists regarding eating behavior and GIDs in children with ASD at the ADACAPIA Association. A qualitative study was conducted with a convenience sample of 12 parents and 3 therapists. Data were collected through a focus group and semi-structured interviews and subsequently analyzed using ATLAS.ti software. The results identified alterations in eating behavior such as food selectivity, sensory sensitivity, and interrupted eating behaviors, among others. Gastrointestinal problems were also observed, particularly constipation, gastroesophageal reflux, and diarrhea; in some cases, these were associated with the consumption of certain foods. These conditions affect not only the child but also their family. Furthermore, professionals mention the need for a specialist in these areas. In conclusion, eating behaviors and gastrointestinal disorders are very common and multifactorial problems within autism; therefore, a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach is needed to improve the child's quality of life.
Relación entre la composición corporal, la calidad de la alimentación, el estrés laboral y la actividad física en trabajadores de una empresa en la ciudad de Cuenca, Cuenca - Ecuador 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-02-18) Toaquiza Guamán, Kevin Patricio; Yupa Tenelema, Sara Nataly; Morales Avilez, Diana Elizabeth
Background: Overweight and obesity are public health problems that increase the risk of developing chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, interfering with individual health. In addition, there are possible factors associated with weight gain, such as diet, stress, and physical activity. Objective: To analyze the association between body composition and diet quality, work stress, and physical activity in workers at a company in the city of Cuenca. Methodology: Quantitative, cross-sectional analytical study. The research was conducted on 150 participants. Questionnaires such as the Diet Quality Index, Perceived Stress Scale, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, short version) were used, and sociodemographic data were also collected. Results: 92% of the participants were men, 86% of the population had high body fat, and 65.3% were overweight. Thirty-four percent had high visceral fat. In terms of diet, 73.3% had an unhealthy diet or one that needed changes, and 72% had a high level of physical activity. Significant associations were identified between visceral fat and diet quality; BMI and muscle percentage with work stress (p-value=<0.05). Conclusions: Diet quality is the main factor associated with increased visceral fat; no associations were found between body composition and physical activity.
Niveles de actividad física y tiempo en pantalla en relación a la composición corporal de estudiantes de las carreras de “Arquitectura” e “Ingeniería en Sistemas” en la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-09-22) Vaca Arteaga, Emilia Isabel; Herrera Sarmiento, Belén Alejandra; Espinoza Fajardo, Ana Cristina
The World Health Organization recommends physical activity and limits screen time to preserve health. However, in Latin America and The Caribbean, the 70% of the population is not active and they spend more than 8 hours in front of a screen, affecting their body composition. This study evaluated the relationship between physical activity, use of screens and body composition in 183 university students of the faculty of Architecture and Engineering in the University of Cuenca (sixth and eight semester). Surveys were used to measure screen time and physical activity along with a bioimpedance to evaluate body composition. The majority of the participants (96,2%) were between 20 and 24 years old, with men predominating. The 44,3% had normal body fat, while the 50,3% had high body fat and the 5,5% had low body fat. Regarding lean mass, the 67,2% presented normal values, while the 38,2% had altered values (19,1% low and 13,7% high). As for BMI, the 62,3% was normal, the 32,2% overweight, the 3,8% low weight and the 1,6% obesity. Obtained results: An inverse variation was found between physical activity and body fat (r = -0.315) and a direct variation between physical activity and lean mass (r= 0.456). Although there was no significant relationship between screen time and body composition, there will be a trend of higher body fat with more screen time. This study highlights the importance of physical activity in body composition, regardless screen time.
Evaluación del consumo de fibra dietética en adultos que acuden al Centro de Salud Carlos Elizalde en el periodo agosto 2024 - enero 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-07-28) Arízaga Peláez, John Sebastián; Loja Aucay, Erick Xavier; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Adequate dietary fiber intake is essential for digestive and metabolic health; however, in many countries, fiber intake is insufficient. There are differences in fiber consumption according to sex and age, which can influence the health status of the adult population. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate dietary fiber consumption in adults attending nutritional consultations at the Carlos Elizalde Health Center. A descriptive observational study was conducted on a sample of adults attending nutritional consultations, excluding pregnant women, people with gastrointestinal diseases, and those who consume fiber supplements. A questionnaire on the frequency of consumption of foods containing fiber and the Photographic Food Portion Manual were used to estimate daily fiber intake. Based on these instruments, the average fiber consumption in the study population was determined to be 24.9 g/day. It was observed that men had a higher consumption than women. In terms of age groups, adults aged 22 to 28 had the highest fiber consumption, while the 50 to 64 age group had the lowest intake. The results reflect variability in fiber consumption according to sex and age, highlighting lower consumption in women and older adults.
Percepción del programa de alimentación escolar en los estudiantes de quinto y sexto de educación general básica de la Unidad Educativa Manuel J Calle de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador en el 2024-2025
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-07-07) Guamo Quiñonez, Leidy Lizbeth; Suquilanda González, Josseline Patricia; Gómez Ayora, Andrea Ximena
Background: In 1989, the School Feeding Program was launched with the purpose of serving 600,000 children and adolescents in specific areas. Over time, this program has undergone changes in its management and in the content of the meals offered, and in 2022 it has extended its reach to 2,877,114 beneficiaries.(1) General objective: To describe the perceptions of the direct beneficiaries of the Ecuadorian School Feeding Program (PAE) in the morning day of the Manuel J. Calle Educational Unit. Methods: A convenience sample of 20 participants was selected, divided equally into two groups of 10 participants. A semi-structured interview was used for data collection, complemented with audio recordings that were later transcribed manually. Data analysis was carried out using ATLAS.ti software. Results: Most students reported constant access to food, although some mentioned irregular deliveries. The foods were perceived as fresh and varied, with the exception of the puree, which generated rejection due to its taste and condition. Adherence was high, although some shared the food, reflecting variations in acceptance depending on the product. In general, students were satisfied with the program, although they pointed out insufficient portions. Conclusion: The participants reported that although the program is positively valued for its nutritional contribution and the perceived quality of certain products, there are areas for improvement related to the variety, taste and quantity of the food offered.
Relación entre los niveles de hábitos alimentarios y de actividad física de los adolescentes de 10 a 12 años de la Unidad Educativa San Diego de Alcalá de la ciudad de Azogues en el periodo octubre 2024 – marzo 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-06-10) Rivera Siguencia, Doménica Nicole; Miño Borja, María Daniela
Adolescence is the stage that addresses several physiological changes and increases energy needs, making it essential to have a healthy, balanced and optimal diet for proper growth and development. Eating habits are those in which the individual chooses what foods to eat and these habits acquired during childhood and adolescence will be a primary guide in adulthood. It is important to mention the need to engage in physical activity, since its benefits in adolescence are directly related to good overall health, such as physical, mental health, social, cognitive development, disease prevention and healthy habits. Objective: To relate the levels of eating habits and physical activity of adolescents aged 10 to 12 years of the San Diego de Alcalá Educational Unit in the city of Azogues in the period October 2024+ - March 2025. The study has a quantitative, analytical cross-sectional approach. The instrument was a validated survey. The population that participated in the research consisted of 113 adolescents. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS 29.0.2.0 program, in which frequencies and percentages are presented. The findings reveal a high nutritional level in adolescent students; however, a significant percentage of adolescents do not practice physical activity despite the efforts made to raise awareness of its preventive benefits. It is concluded that there is no significant correlation between the nutritional status of students and their physical activity.
Relación entre el estado nutricional y estilo de vida de los estudiantes de la carrera de Enfermería de la Universidad de Cuenca, 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-20) Castro Castro, Jomayra Vanessa; Lliguin Velecela, Jonathan Hernan; Vintimilla Rojas, Daniela Alejandra
Background: Nutritional status and lifestyle play a fundamental role in individuals' health and wellbeing. For nursing students, maintaining adequate nutritional status and adopting healthy lifestyle habits is particularly important, as this directly influences their future work in the healthcare field. Objectives: Determine the relationship between nutritional status, dietary habits, sleep quality, and physical activity in nursing students at the University of Cuenca during the period from September 2023 to February 2024. Methodology: A cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was conducted. Nutritional status was assessed using Body Mass Index (BMI), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and a validated Dietary Habits Questionnaire were administered. Results: 78% of the sample consists of women, and 22% are men. 58% have a normal nutritional status, 39% are overweight or have obesity type I, and 3% are underweight. Low physical activity predominates in 48% of the participants. 61% maintain partially adequate dietary habits, while 29% have inadequate dietary habits. 73% of students require medical attention based on their sleep quality. Conclusion: There is a higher percentage of students with normal nutritional status, low physical activity, partially adequate dietary habits, and who require medical attention based on their sleep quality.
Prevalencia de desnutrición crónica en infantes menores de 2 años atendidos en el Centro de Salud 28 de Mayo (Yacuambi), en el año 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-14) Romero Zapata, Sonia Lisbeth; Aguirre Cornejo, Roberto Paulino
Background: In Ecuador, Chronic Malnutrition is one of the Public Health problems due to its high prevalence, being 20.1% in the year 2023 (ENDI), affecting 1 in 4 children in our country currently and ranking among the first places in Latin America and the Caribbean after Haiti (20.4%) and Guatemala (42.8%). Objectives: Determine the prevalence of chronic malnutrition in infants under two years of age who attended the (28 de Mayo) health center belonging to Yacuambi canton in Zamora Chinchipe, in 2023. Methodology: The descriptive, quantitative study with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design was applied. The sample was taken from 126 infants under two years of age treated at the center, a number obtained through the sample size calculation formula for finite populations. Data was collected using a pseudoanonymized database, tabulated in Microsoft Excel 2016, and migrated to the free version of SPSS statistical software for processing and analysis. Results: Of the total number of infants, 24.6% had CIM (19.8% moderate CIM and 4.8% severe CIM), and 30,2% were at risk of short stature. Of the total number of CIM cases, 74.2% were in the age range of 12 to 23 months. Conclusions: Chronic malnutrition in infants is directly related to the age range of the infant. Therefore, it is necessary to increase efforts in food education and nutrition projects aimed at this population.
Estado nutricional asociado con consumo alimentario y calidad de sueño en deportistas de atletismo pertenecientes a la Federación Deportiva del Azuay 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-04-30) Castro Astudillo, Julián Emilio; Rodas Guamán, Willar Maurizio; Espinoza Fajardo, Ana Cristina
Background: Sports practice exhibits a close correlation with food consumption patterns and sleep quality, exerting a persistent and direct influence on athletes' performance. However, it is common to pay attention to these aspects, causing inappropriate feeding and rest programming and wasting the associated intrinsic benefits. Objectives: Determine the association between food consumption and sleep quality with the nutritional status of athletics athletes belonging to the Azuay Sports Federation. Methodology: Cross-sectional analytical study of 73 athletics athletes from FedeAzuay. Data collection was carried out through a frequency of consumption and sleep quality survey and anthropometric evaluation. Data analysis was done with IBM SPSS version 26 and Microsoft Excel 2021. Application of the Chi-square statistical test to associate variables. Results: 74% of the participants had adequate nutritional status, 21.9% were underweight, 2.7% were overweight and 1.4% were obese. No participant met the recommended portions of the food groups analyzed, therefore, the entire sample had inadequate food consumption. 75.34% had sleep problems and 24.68% had no problems. No statistical significance was determined in the relationship between food consumption and nutritional status due to the constant in the result and no association was found between sleep quality and nutritional status. Conclusions: The study shows that there is no relationship between eating habits and sleep quality with nutritional status in the athlete population.
Relación entre la composición corporal con la calidad de la dieta y actividad física en mujeres que asisten al Centro de Entrenamiento Funcional “Lively”. Cuenca - Ecuador 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-17) Ochoa Peralta, Alex Damian; Zúñiga Carpio, Gabriela Alexandra
The average adult has limited time to engage in recreational activities like physical exercise, often resulting in insufficient activity. Combined with factors such as poor diet quality and an unhealthy body composition, the risk of developing non-communicable diseases increases. Most evidence focuses on sedentary populations, highlighting the need to analyze and understand these factors in women practicing functional training. This study aimed to determine the relationship between body composition, diet quality, and physical activity in women who regularly attend the "Lively" Functional Training Center from September to November 2024.
Relación entre el estado nutricional y el ser un comedor emocional en las mujeres que asisten al Centro de Formación Artesanal “Las Américas”, Cuenca 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-05) Zúñiga Orellana, Jonnathan Gonzalo; Gordillo Ortiz, María Augusta; Zúñiga Carpio, Gabriela Alexandra
Emotional eating refers to the use of food to manage emotions and is more common in women due to biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. Its impact on nutritional status has been widely studied, revealing unhealthy eating patterns. This cross-sectional analytical study, conducted at the “Las Américas” Artisan Training Center in Cuenca, evaluated the relationship between nutritional status and emotional eating in attending women. BMI and waist circumference were measured, and the Garaulet Emotional Eater Questionnaire was used to identify this behavior. Data were analyzed using Excel and SPSS. The results showed a significant relationship between emotional eating and nutritional status. A total of 66.3% of participants had a BMI above the normal range, demonstrating that emotional eating is a key factor in the development of overweight and obesity. Additionally, more than half of the participants presented cardiovascular risk, which was also associated with emotional eating. The study concludes that as emotions have a greater influence on eating behavior, the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders increases in this population.

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