Historia y Geografía-Tesis de Pregrado

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/132

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La Misión Luterana Sudamericana de Noruega: Proyecto educativo en las comunidades kichwas cañaris (1968-1995)
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-11-12) García Rosado, Naomi Maricel; Arteaga Auquilla, María Teresa
In 1966, the Assembly of the Norwegian SANTAL Mission authorized the beginning of evangelistic work in South America, starting with Ecuador. This gave rise to the South American Lutheran Mission of Norway (MLSN), which by the late 1960s had established itself in the province of Cañar, specifically in the Kichwa Cañari communities of El Tambo and Juncal. Its purpose was to establish a church and address basic needs in health, agriculture, communication (through radio), education, and local organization, within territories that had been historically excluded. This study focuses on the impact of that mission in the educational field, particularly the creation of institutions and the tensions that arose from introducing a new religious worldview. The research follows a qualitative methodology based on document analysis and semi-structured interviews with individuals involved in evangelization, the Alfalit literacy program, the Luz del Mundo Boarding School, and the Mushuk Kawsay Educational Unit. These sources help to understand how these initiatives were implemented and how spirituality became integrated into educational processes. The analysis is approached from historical, pedagogical, and social perspectives, considering the interaction between the mission and the local community. This study seeks to document a little-explored experience in the province of Cañar, specifically regarding the role of Lutheran Protestantism in indigenous education. Ultimately, it aims to provide new insights into the relationship between school and the Kichwa Cañari community from 1968 to 1995.
Mirada arqueológica e histórica de la alimentación cañari
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-11-14) Nariguanga Mocha, Eddy Leonardo; Novillo Verdugo, Miguel Ángel
This thesis aims to analyze the food practices of the Cañari culture (prehistoric past) through an interdisciplinary approach that combines archaeological methodology, including systematic prospection and the analysis of cultural materials, with documentary ethnohistorical analysis. The research focuses on the El Pailón site, located in the Sígsig canton, Ecuador, considered a natural area that offers a new perspective on lesser-studied ancient Cañari settlements, particularly regarding agricultural production and the management of local resources. Drawing on accounts from colonial chroniclers and archaeological findings, food practices are reconstructed as cultural expressions rich in symbolism, hierarchy, and identity. The Cañari diet included maize, potatoes, quinoa, and guinea pig, prepared through complex techniques and preserved using methods such as chuño and charqui. These foods not only nourished the body but also created connections with nature, ancestors, and the social order. The archaeological prospection at El Pailón revealed ceramic, botanical, and lithic remains that reflect culinary, ritual, and everyday activities. Despite material limitations, the findings reveal a culture deeply connected to its environment and structured around reciprocity and spirituality. Lastly, the study reflects on the transformations and continuities of food practices after the conquest, recognizing food as a living archive of memory, resistance, and cultural continuity in the southern Ecuadorian Andes.
Diálogo intercultural de saberes frente al cambio climático: estudio de caso en la parroquia Santa Ana
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-11-10) Guanoquiza Sarango, Gina Maritza; Novillo Verdugo, Miguel Ángel
The 2017 risk report identifies climate change as the main risk for a global catastrophe. In Ecuador, for example, the exacerbated rainfall caused by El Niño has caused landslides and floods, killing thousands of people, and the social and economic costs are immeasurable. Several studies have shown that rural and indigenous communities maintain ancient knowledge about environmental care and resilience in the face of extreme weather events. For this reason, their contributions are essential for mitigating climate change. Therefore, policies aimed at environmental protection and conservation tend to be increasingly inclusive, incorporating approaches that recognize and value adaptation and mitigation strategies. In this context, this research aims to present and analyze local knowledge and practices as a response to climate change in the Sigsicocha community, Santa Ana parish. The theoretical lenses of political ecology and government environmental policies were used. A qualitative methodology was also employed, using techniques such as participant observation and semi-structured interviews. Although these techniques provide direct information, they must be balanced with bibliographic sources to counter data and strengthen the conclusions. In this way, an analysis of the practices and knowledge used by the population to confront the effects of climate change can be presented and an interdisciplinary and intercultural dialogue between local knowledge and current technical and theoretical foundations can be fostered.
La historieta como herramienta para el aprendizaje significativo de la Historia, en tercero de bachillerato
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-11-06) Lima Tenecela, Jackeline Alexandra; Carrasco Aguilar, Nancy Catalina
At present, achieving meaningful learning in the teaching of history presents several difficulties when the traditional teaching method is maintained. This approach, instead of motivating students, reduces historical facts to a simple memorization exercise. Therefore, it becomes essential to seek new ways of approaching the subject, where the choice of materials and teaching strategies favor a critical understanding of the past. From this perspective, the comic strip is considered an innovative resource, since it offers an alternative way of teaching history by combining text and image. In this context, the present work proposes the elaboration of an educational cartoon as a didactic resource, which revolves around the study of women from Cuenca between 1777 and 1800, highlighting their spaces and activities according to their condition and ethnic origin: Creole, indigenous, mestizo and black slaves. In addition, this initiative seeks to contribute to the rescue of local history and to visualize social actors in contexts that are usually treated in a very general way in the official account of the history text. The research was developed from a qualitative approach, of a descriptive documentary type, through a systematic bibliographic review and critical analysis of historical sources, which allowed the construction of theoretical and historical frameworks. As a result, a didactic proposal was designed that includes a planning and activities oriented to the development of historical thinking and meaningful learning in third year high school students, through the use of the cartoon as an educational material.
La oralidad como una estrategia activa para la enseñanza-aprendizaje sobre la migración de los años 90 en tercero de Bachillerato
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-10-24) Mora Cuji, Belén Paulina; Viñanzaca Padilla, Erika Belén; Carrasco Aguilar, Nancy Catalina
This paper analyzes the articulation between the constructivist pedagogical model and the application of active strategies in the teaching of history, highlighting oral communication as a central teaching resource. The paper reviews the theoretical contributions of authors such as Piaget, Vygotsky, Bruner, and Ausubel, who agree on the need to place the student as the protagonist of the educational process, prioritizing meaningful learning, cooperation, and real- world problem-solving. Through an oral communication-based strategy, implemented through participatory action research with third-year high school students, critical historical thinking, empathy, inquiry, and collective memory skills were promoted. The results show substantial improvements in the conceptual, emotional, and cultural understanding of migration as a historical phenomenon, as well as notable progress in the development of communicative, investigative, and social skills. oral memory, migration stories, historical empathy.
Representaciones educativas y comunicacionales del hombre y la mujer en la prehistoria ecuatoriana
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-11-05) Pesántez Morocho, Johanna Cecibel; Curay Calle, Juan Fernando; Novillo Verdugo, Miguel Ángel
The following research work, describes the educational and communicational representations of men and women in Ecuadorian prehistory, highlighting how these representations influence the way students perceive the roles of men and women in the school environment. A mixed approach with action research design was used, combining qualitative and quantitative methods to diagnose and reflect on the results. Also, surveys were applied to high school students of the “San Luis Beltrán” School and Jima School, also interviews with teachers to learn perceptions and opinions about the curricular contents. In addition, a documentary analysis of school texts and a hermeneutic analysis of articles from the newspaper “El Mercurio” (2008-2021) were carried out to examine how educational and media discourses represent gender roles in prehistory. The results show that school texts and the media perpetuate traditional stereotypes, presenting men as providers and women as caregivers or secondary figures. Likewise, a lack of updating in school contents was identified with respect to recent archaeological findings that show a greater participation of women in various social and economic activities. It was concluded that it is essential to review and reformulate gender representations in educational and media resources, proposing strategies that promote a more gender-sensitive education.
Práctica y transmisión del telar de cintura en Quingeo: registro desde las experiencias de los últimos tejedores
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-10-30) Sicha Chillogalli, Anabel Maricela; Novillo Verdugo, Miguel Ángel
This thesis analyzes the transformation of the backstrap loom practice in the parish of Quingeo, located in the Cuenca canton of Ecuador, based on the memories and experiences of its last remaining weavers. The main objective was to understand how these narratives reflect the technical, social, and cultural changes that this artisanal practice has undergone over time. To achieve this, a qualitative methodology with an ethnographic approach was employed, based on life histories of the weavers, semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and photographic documentation, primarily carried out in the community of Jabaspamba, where some textile knowledge still persists. Throughout the study, the elements that make up the backstrap loom technique were identified, along with the processes associated with spinning, the use of domestic space, the gender-based division of labor, and the factors that have contributed to its gradual disappearance. The findings reveal a gradual transformation in materials, tools, and commercial dynamics, influenced by factors such as migration, the schooling of weavers’ children, the disinterest of younger generations, and changes in consumption patterns. The study concludes that although the backstrap loom faces a serious threat of disappearance, it endures as a symbol of cultural memory and local identity. It also acknowledges the need to document this knowledge before its definitive loss and proposes, as a possible future line of research, the inclusion of the voices of those who abandoned the craft in order to gain a deeper understanding of the factors behind this rupture.
Gestión comunitaria del territorio-agua frente al Cambio Climático en Quilloac-Cañar
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-10-23) Criollo Coraisaca, Lizbeth Patricia; Palacios Tamayo, Estefanía Priscila
The objective of this research is to analyze how the inhabitants understand, organize and manage the water-territory of Quilloac, province of Cañar (Ecuador) in the face of climate change and, at the same time, the existing actions and conflicts at the time of managing it. To carry out this research, the approaches of the political ecology of agriculture and community management have been used, highlighting the importance of social cartography as a theoretical-methodological input. From a mixed methodology, the information obtained in the participatory mappings carried out by teachers, students and parents of the Unidad Educativa Intercultural Bilingue Quilloac, was georeferenced in Geographic Information Systems. Likewise, semi-structured interviews and a content analysis were applied, which shows that community actions in the face of climate change have an impact on the educational, social, economic and cultural spheres, based on the strengthening of the local Cañari identity. In addition, the páramo is highlighted as a community area of protection and conservation, since it allows the availability of water sources that generate water for the community. However, there are still economic and socio-cultural patterns that hinder the proposed objectives, generating tensions and even frictions within and between communities.
Usos y narrativas alimentarias: vida, salud y muerte en la comunidad indígena de Quilloac, Cañar
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-10-22) Chacha Cabrera, Richard Adrián; Ojeda Espinoza, Paola Elizabeth; Novillo Verdugo, Miguel Ángel
This study explores the complex relationship between food, plants, and procedures in contexts of health, pregnancy, illness, and death in the indigenous community of Quilloac, Cañar, through a process of identifying the main aspects that constitute the Andean worldview and cultural identity of this community. In this regard, using a qualitative approach and with the support of interviews conducted with residents of the aforementioned geographical area, an analysis was carried out to gather information on the practices and meanings surrounding food consumption in various scenarios of human life. Consequently, it is understood that food not only plays a biological role for people, but also represents emotions, knowledge, reciprocity, and cultural identity; all of which also encompasses various uses, narratives, and functions.
Incidencias de la expansión urbana por turistificación y cambios de uso del suelo en la parroquia Turi (2015-2024)
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-10-28) Heras Heras, Diego Leodan; Durán Maldonado, Keyla Tamar
In Ecuador, the city of Cuenca is undergoing a process of expansion towards the periphery, in which phenomena such as touristification are having an impact as they accelerate this process and pose challenges when planning urban growth towards rural parishes such as Turi. This parish, bordering the urban frontier of Cuenca, in addition to experiencing urban pressure in its territory, has problems related to tourism, since it has natural viewpoints. In this context, this study intend to analyze the impact of urban expansion due to tourism and changes in land use in the Turi parish from 2015 to 2024. The research process was conducted within a qualitative framework, based on literature review, semi-structured interviews, direct observation and the use of GIS as well as applications such as Atlas.Ti to obtain and analyze information. The results obtained focus on the processes of use, occupation and appropriation of space related to the process of touristification, a phenomenon that contributes to urban sprawl. This study made it possible to establish some problems related to the planning, management and implementation of tourism activities that produce changes in the physical space and land use in the rural parish of Turi.
La educación ambiental y el cambio climático: Experiencias desde la Unidad Educativa Intercultural Bilingüe Quilloac- Ciudad Cañar
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-10-24) Baculima Sánchez, Evelyn Salomé; Suqui Zhunio, Josseline Dayanna; Palacios Tamayo, Estefanía Priscila
Climate change represents a global challenge that affects the environment, health, and the economy. The exploitation of natural resources has caused droughts and biodiversity loss. In this context, environmental education emerges as a key theoretical framework to provide communities with knowledge and actions that promote a culture of environmental care. This study focuses on analyzing the teaching-learning process related to climate change and environmental education from the experiences of teachers and students at the Unidad Educativa Intercultural Bilingüe Quilloac, located 2.5 km from the center of the city of Cañar, which has a predominantly indigenous population. The methodology used is qualitative, employing tools such as direct observation, social mapping, and semi-structured interviews to understand the experiences of both teachers and students.The results show that environmental education is poorly integrated within formal education, limiting its impact. Students have basic knowledge about climate change and recognize changes in their environment; however, they have significant gaps in understanding the human-nature relationship. On the other hand, teachers possess knowledge influenced by their worldview and social commitment. Additionally, the use of the educational “Chakraa” (small farm) stands out as a teaching-learning space, although it is applied only at certain levels.
Transición educativa: De la escuela rural a la Unidad Educativa del Milenio Manuela Garaicoa de Calderón
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-10-23) Gutama Muñoz, Gabriela Estefanía; Matute Segarra, Stephany Alejandra; Carrasco Aguilar, Nancy Catalina
Several transition processes occur within the education system; however, this study analyzed the transfer of students from general basic education (10th grade) from public rural schools located in the parishes of Santa Ana, Zhidmad, Tarqui, Nulti, and San Bartolomé (Sigsig) to higher education (1st year of high school) at the Manuela Garaicoa Millennium Educational Unit in Calderón. This educational transition process entails emotional, cultural, and economic changes, among others. While some students have managed to adapt to this process, others face significant challenges in adapting to the new environment, mainly due to the pedagogical, social, and cultural differences that exist between rural and urban contexts. For this reason, this research aimed to analyze the factors that motivated the transition process from public rural schools to Manuela Garaicoa de Calderón Millennium Educational Unit and what this process entails. To address this objective, a qualitative approach was applied, employing techniques such as bibliographic analysis, surveys, semi-structured interviews, and, finally, focus groups. From this, the factors involved in relocation were determined, such as educational quality, specialized academic offerings (accounting, computer science), university admission opportunities, quality of life, and limited academic offerings (from first grade to tenth grade). Furthermore, the limitations or challenges faced by students during this relocation were identified, such as mobility and transportation, financial resources, schedule changes, and social, cultural, and educational adaptation.
Cofradías en Cuenca (Ecuador): Un análisis de su impacto social y religioso desde 1603 hasta 1793
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-10-01) Andrade Rueda, Mónica Monserratt; Berrezueta Ordóñez, Xavier Marcelo; Montes Sánchez, Esperanza Macarena
This study analyzes the social and religious impact of brotherhoods in Cuenca, Ecuador, between 1603 and 1793. These lay associations played a fundamental role in organizing the spiritual life and social cohesion of the colonial city. Through processions, festivities, care for the sick, religious education, and the organization of mutual support networks, the brotherhoods consolidated themselves as vital structures in shaping the community fabric. The paper examines their hierarchical structure, their charitable functions, and their ability to adapt to political transformations such as the Bourbon reforms of the 18th century. It also highlights the differences between indigenous, highlander, Creole, and mestizo brotherhoods, revealing how these organizations operated both as mechanisms of social control and as spaces of resistance and syncretism. Using an interdisciplinary approach that articulates history, sociology, and cultural studies, the research shows that the brotherhoods were not only religious expressions, but also economic, political, and cultural actors that transcended their liturgical dimension to become agents of social transformation. In short, the brotherhoods of Cuenca reflect the complexities of a colonial society in which faith, power, and solidarity were deeply intertwined.
Participación comunitaria en el quehacer educativo rural: Caso Escuela de Educación Básica “Zoila Carmen Alvarado”
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-10-24) Ochoa Guevara, Anderson Josue; Quinde Loja, Nathaly Marisol; Durán Maldonado, Keyla Tamar
Rural schools in Azuay present a variety of challenges to achieve significant learning, which is why the Ministry of Education launched the UBP Model (Uni, Bi, Pluri) in order to reduce inequality gaps and strengthen the teaching and learning process. This model aims to generate a pedagogical educational framework under structured guidelines, principles and strategic axes that encompass community involvement. In institutions such as the Escuela de Educación Básica Zoila Carmen Alvarado, the aspect of community involvement has had an impact on the learning environments of the students; therefore, the present study aims to analyze the participation of the community of Atucloma in the development and operation of this institution. This research was developed from a qualitative methodological approach that included interviews and focus groups among the techniques applied. This analysis provided elements for understanding the functioning of rural schools in specific local contexts.
Saberes y prácticas agrícolas ante el cambio climático de las mujeres indígenas cañaris
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, 2025-10-23) Chillogalli Cornejo, Jennifer Paulina; Palacios Tamayo, Estefanía Priscila
The purpose of this research is to analyze how climate change affects the agricultural practices of Cañari women in the communities of Quilloac and the Tambo canton, in the province of Cañar. It is based on the recognition that indigenous Cañari women play a central role in the transmission of agricultural knowledge, although they have historically been invisible. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach, theoretically grounded in feminist political ecology and Marxist feminism, which allowed us to understand the interrelationship between gender, class, territory, and the climate crisis. The methodology applied used semi-structured interviews, collective mapping, and direct observation. The results show that climate change has modified agricultural cycles, farming methods, and work schedules, directly affecting the work performed by women. However, they have developed adaptation and resistance strategies that reshape their knowledge, their ties to the land, and their daily practices. These actions are not only social but also political responses, which question, but are also framed within, the capitalist model.
Las esclavas en Cuenca entre los años 1795 a 1852
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-07-24) Bernal Jiménez, María Angélica; Arteaga Auquilla, María Teresa
his research aims to analyze the spaces in which slaves lived in the city of Cuenca between 1795 and 1852. For this purpose, the main sources used were the legal documents kept in the Historical Archive of the Archdiocesan Curia of Cuenca and in the National History Archive of Cuenca. From the analysis of the documentary records, it was possible to reconstruct part of the history of the slaves, evidencing their active but limited participation in the social, religious and, above all, juridical spaces, that is, in courts, tribunals or Manumission Boards. The intervention of these women in legal instances made it possible to identify the causes that motivated the filing of lawsuits against their enslavers, as well as the strategies they implemented during the trial. Faced with situations of physical, verbal or symbolic mistreatment, the slaves accessed the legal system with the purpose of changing these conditions. In addition, the trials show active strategies, such as support networks, interposition and negotiation. At the same time, there were also subtle strategies, such as performing work outside of their master's service in order to raise money or making it known that they were suffering from illnesses in order to obtain a reduction in their price.
Análisis del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en torno al cambio climático a partir del currículum intercultural bilingüe
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-07-23) Páez Malo, Constanza; Palacios Tamayo, Estefanía Priscila
One of the main actions to stop climate change is through a deep debate in the teaching-learning process. Therefore, it is considered that in Ecuador two curriculums are used that defend the exit profile of its citizens, which are the national and the intercultural one. The intercultural was formed based on several worldviews that link the relationship between human beings and the environment, one of them is the indigenous Kichwa Andean worldview, which is present in Bilingual Intercultural Education in the mountain region of the country. In this way, in addition to understanding climate change as an accelerating factor in the transformation and impact of natural elements, it is kept in mind as a phenomenon that affects all dimensions of society and the well-being of humanity. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the knowledge, perceptions, problems and ancestral practices of the indigenous-peasant communities, which maintain the ideology of the human being as part of nature and not its owner. This is how this research provides an in-depth analysis of the way in which climate change is included within the EIB curriculum and its teaching-learning process to observe whether an optimal adaptation of the curriculum proposed by the Ministry of Education is achieved to meet rural, peasant-indigenous communities. In this way, the Monte Sinaí educational community, located in the rural area of the Santa Ana parish, was chosen as a case study. Despite the challenges posed by modernity, education that guides awareness and action towards climate change remains a fundamental tool to promote sustainable development and protect the planet for future generations.
La opinión pública en Cuenca a través del periódico El Progreso (1918-1924)
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-09-30) Naranjo Zhiña, Andrea Priscilla; Delgado Pulla, Marco Antonio; Neira Escudero, María Gabriela
This research aims to analyze the influence of the press and understand the construction of public opinion in the city of Cuenca during the period 1918-1924, using as a main source the local newspaper El Progreso of conservative tendency, to understand how this medium reflected and shaped the ideals and trends of the Cuenca society in a historical, social, political and cultural context. This analysis is developed from the political history in the city of Cuenca, since during the twentieth century important transformations for the development of the city were experienced, including the consolidation of a national identity and the evolution of political structures supported by important characters of the time, the analysis of the newspaper content focuses on: how ideological positions were presented and discussed that generated tension, given that in the Ecuadorian political context there were two opposing groups, the conservatives and the liberals. In this context, identifying the approaches of the different points of view in the editorials brings to light the ideological discrepancies and how these perspectives competed to influence the society of the time, thus identifying patterns and recurring themes to understand how the construction of public opinion was developed in the citizens.
Percepciones sobre la enseñanza -aprendizaje de la Historia en décimo año de educación básica de la Unidad Educativa Panamá, (2023-2024)
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-09-19) Chumi Sánchez, Delia Marithza; Carrasco Aguilar, Nancy Catalina
The research arose from observations made during work placements at the Panama Educational Unit in the city of Cuenca in the 2023-2024 school year, where it was detected that students consider History as irrelevant to their current lives. This lack of interest highlights the need to understand the perceptions of students and teachers about the subject. To address the following research work, a qualitative approach was used with various techniques. First, focus groups were held with parallel tenth year student’s "A", "B" and "C", which allowed a rich and varied exploration of their knowledge and opinions in an interactive environment. In addition, interviews were conducted with teachers to contrast student perceptions from the educators' point of view. Direct observation during the work practices provided information on the class dynamics and pedagogical strategies used. An exhaustive review of relevant literature was carried out to contextualize the findings and place them within the framework of previous research. This combination of qualitative techniques allowed a comprehensive and detailed understanding of the perceptions about the teaching-learning of History in the Educational Unit. Finally, the analysis of the results was carried out, which showed that the perception of History as a subject of memorization is a significant barrier to its teaching and learning, although both students and teachers recognize that it is essential to review and adapt the methods of teaching History to make it more relevant and attractive. that fosters a deeper understanding of the past and its relationship to the present and future.
Espacios de memoria colectiva LGBTIQ+ en Cuenca, Ecuador (1996-2014)
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-09-13) Quituisaca Sucunota, Freddy Andrés; García Bermeo, Johanna Alexandra; Palacios Tamayo, Estefanía Priscila
This research focuses on identifying and documenting the key places for the history and resistance of the LGBTIQ+ population in the city of Cuenca. To approach the study, a qualitative methodology with an explanatory scope is employed. The aim is to explore how these spaces were perceived from 1996 to 2014 through analysis and talking maps, drawing on personal and collective narratives in quest of recognition. This research is grounded in the theoretical frameworks of emotional geography and cultural history. It examines the importance of these spaces as meeting points, social hubs, visibility platforms, and sites of resistance within a city that has experienced significant social transformations in recent years.

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