Trabajo Social-Tesis de Pregrado

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/198

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La intervención de Trabajo Social en los procesos para la inclusión de estudiantes con discapacidad en la Universidad de Cuenca, período 2021-2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-08) Beltrán Saavedra, Carmen Cecilia; Guillén Verdesoto, Ximena Karina
The present graduation study describes Social Work intervention in the inclusion processes of students with disabilities at the University of Cuenca during the period between 2021 and 2022. It begins with a comprehensive theoretical foundation that addresses various relevant aspects of the subject, including the role and functions of Social Work in the educational inclusion of students with disabilities within the university context, as well as an exposition of fundamental concepts related to disability. Secondly, the study examines the corresponding legal framework, detailing the regulations governing the inclusion of people with disabilities in higher education, with special emphasis on their application in the specific context of the University of Cuenca. The third section focuses on presenting and analyzing the results obtained through interviews with various stakeholders involved in the inclusion process, such as professionals from University Welfare and Human Rights departments, faculty members from different disciplines, and students with disabilities. These findings are critically discussed, leading to relevant conclusions derived from the research. Additionally, recommendations are proposed for future initiatives and research on the inclusion of students with disabilities at the University of Cuenca.
Percepción de vida de las personas jubiladas que asisten al “Centro de Atención al Adulto Mayor” IESS de la ciudad de Cuenca, en el periodo septiembre 2023 – febrero 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-10) Quituisaca Vizhñay, Joseline Valeria; Sánchez Loja, Wilson Fernando
The perception of life among retired older adults often does not receive the adequate attention it deserves. In this sense, the current research aims to understand this perception among retirees who attend the "IESS Senior Care Center" in Cuenca, during the period from September 2023 to February 2024. The methodology employed was based on a qualitative phenomenological approach with an exploratory scope. For data collection, three techniques were used: bibliographic review, in-depth interviews, and a focus group guided by semi-structured questions. The instruments were approved by the corresponding local authority. The Atlas Ti program was used for data analysis. Among the most significant findings, it was identified that retirement represents a complex stage, where many retirees face challenges related to adaptation, such as changes in their daily routine, emotional disturbances, the absence of their children, and economic concerns. However, it was also observed that retirement provides the opportunity to enjoy greater freedom, strengthen family bonds, and explore new personal interests such as hobbies, creative projects, ventures, volunteer work, or travel, which contributes to a better quality of life.
Estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por las familias de los miembros de grupo de alcohólicos anónimos “Ni Un Paso Atrás” para la prevención de recaídas, Año 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-10) Paredes Mosquera, Freddy Ismael; Sánchez Loja, Wilson Fernando
In the world there are several phenomena that affect the well-being of society, for the same reason different methods or strategies have been developed with which they can cope with these crises, such as the disease of alcoholism, which is considered a global public health problem that affects millions of people, this disease in addition to bringing consequences for the health of those who suffer from it, significantly affects their social, work and personal relationships, and which is addressed in this research report. In this sense, the report "Coping Strategies Used by the Families of the Members of the Group of Alcoholics Anonymous "Not One Step Back" for the Prevention of Relapse, Year 2023", aimed to identify the different coping strategies used by the families of the members of an Alcoholics Anonymous group and in this way know how they have tolerated this process and not suffer a relapse. This research had a qualitative approach with a non-experimental phenomenological study design. To do this, the in-depth interview technique was applied based on a guide of questions previously structured; of which the results pointed to three essential coping strategies and the most used within the family nucleus, which were: Social support, avoidance and emotional control. The compilation of information was crucial when covering this problem, since in this way several edges or ways in which individuals seek to face their crisis were known.
La doble presencia en el personal administrativo del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Provincial del Azuay, en Ecuador: un estudio con perspectiva de género. Año 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-10) Loja Iñiguez, Fernanda Paulina; Parra Astudillo, Camila Cristina; Mendieta Orellana, Mónica Elisabeth
The current context presents an accelerated pace of life that complicates the balance between work and family life. This study aimed to analyze the double presence in the administrative staff of the Provincial Decentralized Autonomous Government of Azuay, Ecuador, from a gender perspective in 2024. With a quantitative approach and descriptive design, surveys were applied to 139 officials from various áreas, selected through stratified probabilistic sampling. The “Adapted” Work-Family Interaction Questionnaire was used to collect data on work and family interactions. The findings revealed a high level of security in the positive interaction between family and work, with notable differences between genders in the perception of risk associated with social expectations and family care. Although both genders experience positive interactions, women face greater challenges in balancing their responsibilities. These results suggested the need to implement lines of action that address dual presence and improve working conditions, especially for women, thus promoting a more equitable and healthier environment in the workplace.
Percepción de la conciliación del rol familiar y laboral de las funcionarias madres, de la Dirección de Cultura, Recreación y Conocimiento, de la Municipalidad de Cuenca, en el año 2024-2025
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-07) Barrionuevo Guachun, Katherine Michelle; Córdova Alvarez, Tatiana Elizabeth; Alvarez Coronel, Lourdes Eulalia
The incorporation of women into the labor market has constituted a considerable progress in the search to restructure social constructions, however, despite this insertion, their “responsibility” in the role of main caregiver of the household is not annulled, which has become a significant challenge in trying to balance work and family roles. Therefore, it is important to identify this duality of functions, from an integral approach to both spheres, considering its causes and consequences. This research aims to analyze the reconciliation of work and family roles of civil servant mothers of the General Directorate of Culture, Recreation and Knowledge of the Municipality of Cuenca, in the year 2024 - 2025. The study had a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design and a descriptive level. It was carried out through 7 semi-structured in-depth interviews. The results reveal the perceptions of employed mothers about the duality of roles and reflect the latent difficulty of reconciliation, highlighting the demand for time and resources, whether economic, physical or emotional, that each area requires and the influence of the social system, through the constructions of gender and motherhood.
Expectativas en torno al emprendimiento de las mujeres migrantes beneficiarias del proyecto “integración socioeconómica y ayuda humanitaria a población migrante y refugiadas” de la pastoral social Cáritas Cuenca en el año 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-07) Vallejo Navarrete, Silvia Pauleth; Ochoa Balarezo, Juana Virginia
Migration is a complex phenomenon that involves the movement of people to new territories with the intention of settling temporarily or permanently, driven by various factors. This process entails numerous challenges, particularly for migrants who must adapt to a different social, cultural, and economic environment. In this context, many individuals choose entrepreneurship as an alternative to generate income, facing obstacles such as a lack of support networks, recognition of skills and qualifications, as well as cultural and gender barriers. The research analyzed the expectations of migrant women beneficiaries of the project "Socioeconomic Integration and Humanitarian Assistance for Migrant and Refugee Populations" by Pastoral Social Cáritas Cuenca in 2024. Using a qualitative methodology with a phenomenological design and explanatory scope, data were collected through focus groups to explore their experiences in developing enterprises. The results revealed that these women face economic, familial, cultural, social, and gender-related challenges when starting their businesses. However, their main economic expectation is that their ventures will allow them to cover personal and family expenses. Additionally, they expressed other expectations related to their business development, which were considered in the analysis. This study highlights the importance of providing comprehensive support to migrant women entrepreneurs to overcome existing barriers and promote their socioeconomic integration in host countries.
Roles y estrategias para la reinserción familiar de personas en situaciones de consumo de sustancias psicotrópicas del Centro de Reposo y Adicciones CRA, en el año 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-05) Mejía Parra, Josseline Berenice; Nieves Déleg, Angélica Johanna; Guillén Verdesoto, Ximena Karina
The consumption of alcohol and other drugs is a public problem, affecting individuals, families and society. The purpose of this research was to analyze the roles and strategies played by the families of people hospitalized for psychotropic substance abuse at the CRA, which influence the family reintegration process in the year 2024. The methodology used was qualitative in approach, descriptive in scope and a phenomenological design. The techniques applied were the bibliographic review and the semi-structured interview, and a guide of questions was used as an instrument to gather information from the experiences and perspectives of each family. The study population consisted of 20 family representatives and 1 professional from the CRA Social Work area. The results indicate that families primarily employ caregiver, provider, and behavioral modeling roles. On the other hand, the main strategies used by families correspond to participation in family therapy, the search for support networks and conflict resolution. These roles and strategies, when maintained in a balanced manner among all family members, will effectively influence not only the rehabilitation process, but also reintegration into the family context.
Relación entre la condición socioeconómica y el consumo de alcohol en pacientes del Centro de Tratamiento de Adicciones Proyecto Esperanza, Cuenca - Ecuador, periodo junio – noviembre 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-06) Ortega Vintimilla, María Mercedes; Guillén Verdesoto, Ximena Karina
The research project “Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Alcohol Consumption in Patients of the Hope Project Addiction Treatment Center, Cuenca-Ecuador, Period June- November 2024”. The general objective of the research is to determine the relationship between socioeconomic status and alcohol consumption in patients of the Hope Project Addiction Treatment Center in the period June-November 2024.The methodology used in the research, a quantitative approach, type of research design with descriptive scope. The survey technique was applied according to the needs of the research, with the purpose of knowing the socioeconomic condition of the patients, as well as the AUDIT questionnaire developed by the World Health Organization that will allow determining the alcohol consumption of the patients. The results achieved pointed to know how the socioeconomic situation, which included family, economic, social, health, influenced alcohol consumption. Therefore, strategies that favor their rehabilitation are proposed from the point of view of Social Work.
Análisis de los factores de riesgo psicosocial del personal administrativo que labora en una empresa pública de la ciudad de Cuenca, año 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-06) Cornejo Villa, María Verónica; Guallpa Urgilez, Martha Janneth; Ochoa Balarezo, Juana Virginia
In the work context, psychosocial risk factors are presented as a relevant challenge due to the consequences on the physical and mental health of workers. This research aims to analyze the psychosocial risk factors of administrative personnel working in a Public Company in the city of Cuenca, year 2024. To carry out the study, a quantitative methodology was used, with a transversal and descriptive scope. non-experimental, the study population was 95 employees, 52 men and 43 women. To collect the information, the “Guide for the Application of the Psychosocial Risk Questionnaire of the Directorate of Safety, Health at Work and Comprehensive Risk Management of the Ministry of Labor” was used. After the application of the questionnaire and analysis of the results, the main findings indicate that there is a medium-high level of exposure to the dimension of workload and pace of work with greater exposure of the male population and workplace harassment with a high risk. A high level of risk of sexual harassment was also found for the female population, situations that compromise the well-being of workers.
Estrategias de afrontamiento que utilizan los cuidadores y cuidadoras en el cuidado de un integrante según su tipo de discapacidad, Instituto de Parálisis Cerebral del Azuay, Cuenca, año 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-02-28) Méndez Canelos, Leslie Camila; Paredes Pintado, Nathaly Nicole; Van Muijen, Boaz Lionel
The research project aims to analyze the predominant coping strategies used by caregivers according to the type of disability of the user of the Cerebral Palsy Institute of Azuay. Due to the lack of visibility of these strategies, a broad lack of knowledge has been generated about their management in stressful situations, with negative repercussions on the wellbeing of those who provide care. The study will have a quantitative approach with a descriptive design and exploratory scope, based on the Theory of Coping Strategies of Lazarus and Folkman and Gender Approach. Additionally, the research is supported by theoretical complements such as the Gender approach and the theory of care. The COPE-28 BRIEF questionnaire was applied, which allowed information to be collected, identifying the predominant coping strategies used by caregivers according to the type of disability of the Cerebral Palsy Institute of Azuay. Based on the results obtained, a comparative analysis was carried out between the coping strategies and the types of disability of the person cared for by the caregivers, resulting in physical disability mostly using Social Emotional Support (79.1%), as for caregivers of people with intellectual and multiple disabilities, it is Instrumental Social Support (93.1% and 74%, respectively), in addition to that for caregivers of people with visual and psychosocial disabilities, it is Active Coping (100%).in both cases. Finally the present study concludes by providing some recommendations regarding coping strategies that could be used by caregivers.
Apoyo familiar en el proceso de recuperación de pacientes en situación de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas del CETAD Municipal de Azogues, año 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-06) Verdugo Sánchez, Doménica Natasha; Gutiérrez Molina, Blanca Esperanza
Family support plays a fundamental role in the recovery process of people facing psychoactive substance use problems. The family acts as an emotional pillar that motivates the user to commit to treatment from the beginning. In this context, the objective of this research was to analyze the family support of users in a situation of psychoactive substance use who are in the process of recovery at the CETAD Municipal de Azogues in the year 2024. To achieve the research objectives, a mixed methodology was used, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques with a non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive design. The study population included the users of the CETAD Municipal de Azogues and the professionals of the technical team of the institution. The instruments used were the review of files, the Family Support Perception questionnaire, and a guide of questions for a focus group with the professionals of the technical team of the institution. The results reveal that the participants are mostly male users between the ages of 26 and 64, with limited education and demanding, low-paying jobs, and that they come mainly from rural areas. Alcohol is the most commonly consumed substance among the participants. Regarding family support, a high level of support was identified, especially in the affective and autonomy dimensions. In addition, it was noted that family support significantly influences motivation, commitment and adherence to therapeutic treatment.
Percepciones de las personas adultas mayores usuarias del Centro Gerontológico Hogar Miguel León sobre los procesos de intervención y los efectos en su bienestar social y físico, Cuenca-Ecuador. Año 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-02-28) Vásquez Ortega, Tamara Cristina; Durán Oleas, Jenny Catalina
The present research is entitled: Perceptions of the elderly users of the Gerontological Center Hogar Miguel León about the intervention processes and the effects on their social and physical well-being, Cuenca, Ecuador. Year 2024; which described what older adults think and feel about the intervention processes implemented in the Gerontological Center for their benefit and the effects that these processes caused in their social and physical well-being. In this sense, the target population of this study were the elderly users residing in the Hogar Miguel León Gerontological Center. Within the methodology applied, there is the qualitative approach, with a descriptive scope, presenting a type of phenomenological design. The technique used in this type of research was the interview and the instrument used for data collection was a semi-structured guide of questions; another technique that supported this work was the bibliographic review. The results obtained show that the intervention processes are being carried out adequately and the residents are satisfied with the care they receive; however, their effects are both positive and negative. As favorable, it is identified that the physical activities generate improvement in their physical conditioning, a beneficial sleep quality, a strong group cohesion due to religious beliefs and family and intergenerational support. Among the negative consequences are the lack of social connections (friends), dissatisfaction with food and deterioration in their physical condition.
Análisis de los factores sociodemográficos y académicos asociados a la prolongación académica de estudiantes de la Carrera de Trabajo Social de la Universidad de Cuenca, 2019-2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-02-28) Orellana Naula, Andrea Patricia; Vélez Chamba, Kelly Michelle; Mendieta Orellana, Mónica Elisabeth
The analysis of sociodemographic and academic factors associated with the academic prolongation of students of the Social Work Career at the University of Cuenca, during the period 2029-2024, is fundamental to understand the dynamics that influence the time required to complete their studies. This study seeks to identify how variables such as age, gender, socioeconomic level and academic conditions impact the duration of the educational process, considering the prolongation not as a failure, but as a complex phenomenon linked to various personal and contextual circumstances. The research was carried out using an exploratory-descriptive qualitative approach and a phenomenological design, using non -probabilistic convenience sampling. In-depth interviews and focus groups were used as data collection techniques, processed with ATLAS.ti version 9 software. The results revealed that factors such as socioeconomic level, family situation and cultural environment are determinants in academic prolongation. In addition, problems in the academic environment that generate frustration and low self-esteem in students were identified. In response, strategies are proposed to promote inclusion, support networks and appropriate teaching methods that favor student well-being.
Experiencias de las y los trabajadores sociales Peritos Forenses, en los procesos de intervención en la Unidad de Familia, Mujer, Niñez y Adolescencia del Cantón Cuenca, Año 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-05) Jadan Tacuri, Bryam Ismael; Sánchez Loja, Wilson Fernando
Social Work is a profession focused on promoting social change and development, influencing the community, modifying hierarchical structures, and fostering the liberation of individuals. On the other hand, Forensic Social Work is a branch of the profession focused on establishing a connection between the judicial system and society, playing the role of a justice auxiliary. This research focused on the experiences of Social Workers in judicial processes in the Family, Women, Children, and Adolescents Unit of the Canton of Cuenca. The research had a qualitative, phenomenological approach, with an exploratory scope, and a sample of five participants from the Social Work technical office. In-depth interviews were used as the technique, and Atlas Ti software was employed for data processing and analysis. The most notable findings indicate that professionals have identified that their intervention can contribute to helping individuals, families, groups, and communities engage with the justice system. Additionally, five intervention phases were identified: study, knowledge and ownership of the process, definition of the intervention or research methodology, execution of the intervention or research, preparation of the expert report, and presentation of the expert report.
Relación de las redes de apoyo con la adaptación al ámbito socioeducativo de los estudiantes en migración interna de la carrera de ingeniería automotriz de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, sede Cuenca, en el periodo 2024 - 2025
(2025-02-27) Jiménez Mora, Andrely Deyanira; Loor Barahona, Lissette Vanessa; Arias Pallaroso, Francisco Alexander
The present work entitled “Relationship of support networks with the adaptation to the socio-educational environment of students in internal migration of the automotive engineering career of the Politecnica Salesiana University, Cuenca, in the period 2024 - 2025”, has as its main objective to analyze the relationship of support networks with the socio-educational adaptation of students in internal migration of the automotive engineering career of the Politecnica Salesiana University. The research has a quantitative approach, non-experimental design and correlational scope, the study was applied to students in internal migration through surveys with Likert scales, including the Academic Experiences Questionnaire in its reduced version. The results obtained reveal that primary networks, such as family and friends, are the most used, while secondary networks, such as institutional services, have less diffusion and accessibility. In addition, it was observed that as students advance in their academic cycle, they depend less on these networks and show greater independence. It is shown that, although support networks show a positive relationship with socio-educational adaptation, this connection is not consistent in all the dimensions evaluated.
Relación entre la funcionalidad familiar y la calidad de vida de Personas con Discapacidad (PcD) percibido por el cuidador principal dentro del Proyecto “Atención a personas con discapacidad en hogar y comunidad” del GAD Parroquial Abdón Calderón en el año 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-02-28) Tapia Arévalo, Dayanna Estefanía; Yunga Pesantez, Sandra Janeth; Van Muijen, Boaz Lionel
In the parish of Abdón Calderón, one of the main problems identified is the lack of knowledge about family functionality and its influence on the quality of life of people with disabilities. The general objective of the research is to analyze the relationship between family functionality and the quality of life of people with disabilities, as perceived by the main caregiver within the project “Attention to people with disabilities at home and in the community” of the GAD Abdón Calderón Parish in the year 2024. For this purpose, a quantitative approach was used with a correlational study design of analytical and cross-sectional scope, using tools such as the Family APGAR, the GENCAT scale, sociodemographic survey and Socioeconomic Stratification survey, applied to a population universe of 30 main caregivers of people with disabilities. The results revealed that 93.3% of the families of people with disabilities have normal functioning according to the Family APGAR scale, while 66.7% of people with disabilities reach a high level of quality of life according to the GENCAT scale. A significant relationship was found between family functionality and quality of life, with a value of p=0.012. In conclusion, these results indicate that family functionality plays an important role in the quality of life of people with disabilities, showing that a functional family environment is associated with better levels of well-being in this group.
Satisfacción de necesidades humanas según la pirámide de Abraham Maslow de las personas adultas mayores de la parroquia Llacao, cantón Cuenca; Año 2024. Un abordaje desde trabajo social
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-02-26) Godoy Quito, Brenda Jackeline; Lituma Pillacela, Fanny Maribel; Gutiérrez Molina, Blanca Esperanza
Older adults experience biological, physical, and social changes that affect the fulfillment of their needs and their ability to achieve active aging. The study “Satisfaction of Human Needs According to Maslow’s Pyramid in Older Adults of Llacao Parish, Cuenca (2024)”, from a Social Work perspective, analyzes the level of satisfaction within this population group. The approach is quantitative and descriptive, based on surveys conducted with 224 older adults aged 65 and over in Llacao. The five dimensions of Maslow’s hierarchy were evaluated, and the data was processed using SPSS software. Based on the findings, social intervention strategies were designed to strengthen the policies of the Decentralized Autonomous Government of the parish. The results indicate that 152 individuals have a medium level of satisfaction, with partially covered physiological and safety needs but deficiencies in adapted housing, specialized healthcare, and mobility. 15 individuals show low levels of satisfaction, lacking essential elements such as housing and medical care. In contrast, 57 individuals achieve an optimal level of satisfaction, although they face challenges in social integration and self-actualization. The study highlights inequalities in meeting basic needs, revealing challenges in access to essential services and dignified living conditions. The proposed strategies aim to improve the quality of life of older adults and ensure their rights from a Social Work perspective.
Percepciones de las personas adultas mayores acerca de la corresponsabilidad que tiene la familia y el estado en su cuidado, omunidad de Suro. Loja, 2023
(2024-09-02) Namcela Moreno, Angélica Verónica; Durán Oleas, Jenny Catalina
The research project titled “Perceptions of Elderly Individuals Regarding the Responsibility of Family and the State in Their Care, Suro Community, Loja, 2023” aims to describe various factors expressed by elderly individuals through their feelings, thoughts, andexperiences, particularly those living alone, regarding their care. The primary objective of theresearch is to determine the perceptions of elderly individuals in the Suro community about the responsibility of the family and the State in their care, Loja 2023. The methodology applied in the study is qualitative, with a phenomenological approach and a descriptive scope. A semi- structured interview guide was used to gather the opinions and perspectives of each participant. The results indicate that in the Suro community, the relationship between the State andfamilies in the care of elderly individuals lacks solidity. Despite economic support and familycommunication, there is evident physical abandonment. Additionally, the relationship with society lacks solidarity, limiting the connection with the elderly. Therefore, it is crucial to develop programs and projects to strengthen the shared responsibility of the family, the State, and society.
Percepciones de la familia de los graduados del Instituto de Parálisis Cerebral del Azuay sobre las barreras que enfrentan sus representados para acceder a un trabajo. Cuenca, 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-08-28) Guallpa Dutan, Daysi Carolina; Durán Oleas, Jenny Catalina
This research project called ''Perceptions of the Family of the Graduates of the Institute of Cerebral Palsy of Azuay on the Barriers Faced by Their Constituents to Access a Job. Cuenca, 2023'', presents what the family of the graduates of the Azuay Cerebral Palsy Institute thinks and feels, when looking for a job space for their son or daughter with disabilities. The general objective of the research is to describe the perceptions of family members about the barriers faced by graduates of the Azuay Cerebral Palsy Institute to access a job. The following methodology was used, qualitative approach, which had a descriptive scope and phenomenological design. A technique, the interview, was used, which consisted of a semi- structured guide of questions, which helped us to obtain detailed information. The results obtained in this research are: the family plays a fundamental role in the education of the person with disabilities, likewise, the barriers that arise most when accessing a job are; attitude and communication Because society is the one who does not know the importance of a person with a disability accessing a job, they are rejected and discriminated against.
Factores de riesgo y de protección de las personas adultas y personas adultas mayores sin referentes familiares, usuarias del Centro de Atención al Adulto Mayor del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social, Cuenca, año 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-08-29) Valverde Marín, Jennifer Nayely; Durán Oleas, Jenny Catalina
The present study called, Risk and protection factors of adults and older adults without family references, users of the Senior Citizen Care Center of the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute, Cuenca, year 2023; had as its main objective to analyze the risk and protection factors of adults and older adults without family references, users of the Senior Citizen Care Center of the Ecuadorian Social Security Institute Cuenca, in the year 2023. The methodology applied in the research has a quantitative approach, with a descriptive design; The technique used was the survey and as an instrument a questionnaire of questions addressed to 5 adults and 18 older adults who go to the Senior Citizen Care Center IESS CAAM. The main results determined that the socioeconomic and employment situation of both adults and older adults, in both cases, the income is not sufficient to cover all their needs. In addition, both groups agree on protective factors such as: owning a home, interest in strengthening their health, and carrying out activities to improve their emotional state. Regarding risk factors, the majority of the sample studied agrees on aspects such as architectural barriers to mobility; the lack of family support at the economic level, and essentially emotional, which is of utmost importance to reduce states of loneliness and strengthen their emotional state as a consequence of not having family references. It is concluded that there is a need to design programs focused on inclusion, emotional and social support, determining factors that the people surveyed stated require forging and strengthening.

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