Ingeniería Industrial-Pregrado

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/288

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Modelo para optimizar variables críticas de inventarios en el sector retail de alimentos mediante el uso de diseño de experimentos
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-11-08) Ochoa Dávila, Damián Xavier; Llivisaca Villazhañay, Juan Carlos
Currently, retail is one of the most dynamic sectors in Ecuador and the world, as there is direct contact with the final consumers, this has evolved with stability in recent years and with great projection for the future. In Latin America in 2017 sales amounted to $1.9 billion, expecting that by 2022 it will reach $2.35 billion. The problem arises in how retail companies relate the variables: arrangement and location of products on a shelf and number of existing branches with the variable response “selling price”, this arises since most retailers are not aware of the impact of these factors on their business. For this reason, a general model based on the experimental design was developed to analyze the relationship of a variable with the mentioned factors in order, to find optimization to maximize retail sales and at the same time to improve the management, inventory processes, association and arrangement of the ítems, for which the design of multivariate experiments was used. The literature review was conducted using the documentary research technique. The analyzed study data were collected from previously conducted academic essays, where they were treated and analyzed using statistical software with its Design of Experiments module where the results were interpreted, which showed that, although individually the arrangement and location of products on a shelf and number of branches of the company are essential to achieve maximum sales in a retail store, the relationship between these two factors does not exist. Likewise, it was shown that the most significant factor was the arrangement of the articles, as opposed to the number of branches, which was possible to show that it is an adjustment factor, which needs to be improved.
Elaboración del procedimiento de seguridad para el uso y manejo de máquinas y herramientas de los laboratorios de la carrera de Ingeniería Industria
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-09-18) García Montalván, Pablo Andrés; Espinoza Hernández, Paulina Rebeca
University laboratories are an essential pillar in student training, as they complement theory with practice and ensure comprehensive learning. In this context, safety plays a fundamental role, since it protects the integrity of students and faculty while also contributing to the extended useful life of the equipment. The objective of this thesis is the development of safety manuals based on the information provided by the Planning Department of the University of Cuenca. These manuals are designed to regulate the use of machines and tools in the laboratories of Digital Manufacturing, Industry 4.0, and Flexible Manufacturing of the Industrial Engineering program. For their development, technical data sheets of the equipment were reviewed, specialized literature was consulted, and a detailed analysis of the risks associated with the use of hand tools and machinery was carried out. This process included the identification, study, classification, and characterization of risks. Among the main hazards identified were injuries caused by contact with moving parts, exposure to noise and vibrations, and electrical risks. Additionally, detailed laboratory layouts were created, showing the distribution of equipment, evacuation routes, and other key elements aimed at ensuring a safe and organized environment. Together, these layouts and safety manuals serve as technical reference tools for students, faculty, and administrative staff. Their purpose is to strengthen a preventive culture and promote comprehensive safety management within the practical training spaces of the Industrial Engineering program at the University of Cuenca.
Diseño, desarrollo y elaboración de un manual de funcionamiento y una guía de laboratorio para ensayos mecánicos utilizando la máquina universal Autograph AGX-V2 modelo 300 KN
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-09-08) Ramón Méndez, Lourdes Vanessa; Torres Armijos, Jessica Cristina; Álvarez Lloret, Edgar Paúl
The project focuses on the creation of an operational manual and guides for the Autograph AGX-V2 model 300 KN Universal Testing Machine, designed to conduct mechanical tests such as tension, compression, and bending on various materials. Since the machine is a recent addition to the industrial engineering laboratory, the primary focus is on the importance of having precise procedures to ensure the validity and consistency of results in mechanical testing, enabling students and professionals to operate the machine effectively and safely. The tests were developed based on bibliographic research, where applicable procedures and standards were determined according to the type of test and material. It also incorporates standards such as ISO/IEC 17025, which establishes requirements for testing and calibration laboratories, ensuring an adequate quality management system. Additionally, this project describes the operational manual for the machine and the testing guides, which provide detailed guidance for sample preparation, machine configuration, and data collection and analysis, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the mechanical properties of the evaluated materials. Thus, the implementation of the guides aims not only to facilitate the performance of mechanical tests but also to enhance academic training in engineering and materials science, fostering a practical learning environment. Through the validation of procedures, it is expected to elevate the quality of the tests conducted, striving to standardize and improve laboratory practices, contributing to both education and industry.
Propuesta de sistema de gestión de mantenimiento en la empresa Pantanero mediante un sistema GMAO
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-08-27) Criollo Criollo, Johnny Fabian; Vizhñay Segarra, Jorge Adrian; Narváez Buestán, Freddy Eduardo
The purpose of this thesis is to create and implement a Computer-Assisted Maintenance Management System at Pantanero. This goal is to improve maintenance indicators for essential equipment during the production process. This suggestion is essential for the company as it seeks to increase the quality of maintenance management, reduce downtime, structure preventive maintenance tasks, and reduce expenses associated with corrective maintenance activities. To achieve this, it is necessary to apply the ABC (Activity-Based Costing) methodology, which allows for the detailed classification and analysis of costs and resources associated with each activity or piece of equipment. In this context, ABC helps identify which machines or processes generate the greatest impact on costs or time, facilitating a more precise approach to analyzing the criticality of current machinery. This allows for prioritizing maintenance and optimization actions on the equipment that truly influences operational efficiency. Therefore, we must focus on the priority equipment to be evaluated in this GMAO (Computer-Assisted Maintenance Management System) design. The development of the computer system, using Visual Basic and Excel, will allow us not only to record all maintenance actions but also to monitor and evaluate maintenance activities online in real time. The ABC help us classify spare parts and their storage, a priori, based on how their role will affect our company's operations. This means that we will order and purchase the order in which these components are stored. The implementation of GMAO and the ABC method will optimize spare parts stocks, reduce inventory costs, and guarantee the most critical and essential spare parts for operational continuity. Likewise, personnel trained in the analysis and use of the system will see improved efficiency in the measurement and evaluation of critical variables.
Desarrollo de una guía de indicadores para la cadena de suministro en la agroindustria de la región andina: caso de estudio agroindustria de quinua
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-08-06) Coello Guillén, Daniel Sebastián; Mazón Tenemaza, Jonnathan Oswaldo; Guamán Guachichullca, Noé Rodrigo
Agri-food supply chains in the Andean context lack an integrated system to measure and assess their environmental, social, economic, and resilience performance. This research proposes a comprehensive indicator guide to serve as a reference model for organizations in this context, providing rural associations with a common evaluation language. The development of the proposed guide followed four stages: (1) a systematic literature review of 543 documents, from which 219 preliminary indicators were extracted; (2) classification and operationalization of indicators by element (sustainability and resilience) and dimension; (3) validation of indicators using a one-round Delphi method applied to a group of 14 experts from the relevant fields, resulting in a refined portfolio of 166 validated indicators; and (4) development of standardized methodological sheets, including formulas, variables, reference scales, and data collection routes. The model guide proposes indicators based on two core elements: sustainability and resilience, each with their respective dimensions. It is designed as a flexible structure, allowing each organization to adjust scales, frequency, and metric scope according to its production context. A demonstration of the guide's application was carried out through a proposed set of indicators, from which a critical subset of 32 indicators was derived, based on the SCOR-DS model (level 1) and the sustainability and resilience elements, aiming to link the various processes within the agri-food supply chain under analysis. The proposed guide strengthens data-driven decision-making and offers a replicable framework to enhance the sustainable competitiveness of agri-food supply chains in the Andean region.
Propuesta de mejora del plan de mantenimiento preventivo de equipos médicos, mediante un sistema ERP y un aplicativo móvil en las áreas de Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Neonatología y Quirófano de una clínica privada ubicada en la ciudad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-08-06) Macas Paucar, Damián Augusto; Morocho Guerra, Bryan Andrés; Narváez Buestán, Freddy Eduardo
The present research aims to propose the improvement of the current preventive maintenance plan of medical equipment, through an ERP system and a mobile application in a private clinic located in the city of Cuenca. This proposal seeks to address the current limitations of the process such as the monitoring of daily activities, visit frequencies without support in any standard, among others. In addition, to improve traceability and control of the activities performed in the maintenance area in an efficient manner. The solution proposed is to integrate an ERP system and a mobile application for the management of preventive maintenance, in order to have greater control over the activities performed in this company, and also to perform an analysis of maintenance frequencies and costs per visit. The project focuses on a pilot plan for the Intensive Care Unit, Neonatology and Operating Room areas using a specific set of medical equipment for data collection and analysis. So that the clinic can efficiently perform maintenance activities and make decisions based on carefully studied data.
Identificación y caracterización de los eslabones de comercialización, distribución y consumo en la cadena de suministro agroalimentaria de la región andina ecuatoriana, con enfoque en la industria 5.0: caso de estudio
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-08-05) Loayza Fernández, Alexander Orlando; Ureña Soto, Lizbeth Estefanía; Jadán Avilés, Diana Carolina
This research analyzes the marketing, distribution and consumption links of an agrifood supply chain in the Andean region of Ecuador, specifically in the province of Azuay, canton Cuenca, with the purpose of evaluating them under the principles of Industry 5.0: sustainability, resilience and human-centeredness. For this purpose, a mixed approach methodology was applied, with an applied, descriptive and exploratory character. The study combined a systematic literature review, validation of indicators using the Delphi technique, prioritization with the Pick-Chart model and collection of primary information through structured surveys. For the analysis, the VSM and SCOR models were incorporated to map processes, identify key actors and understand the operational dynamics of the chain. The results show a limited implementation of the principles of Industry 5.0, with a high level of informality in commercial relations (83.9%) and little use of intelligent technologies (only 16.1% of the actors). However, organizational strengths and willingness to change were also identified, which opens up opportunities to improve the system's performance through training strategies, progressive digitalization and institutional strengthening. Overall, this study contributes to the design of more adaptive, humane and sustainable agrifood chains, providing technical inputs for strengthening the AGRO 5 project and for future interventions in similar rural territories.
Diseño e implementación de herramientas lean y de mejora continua en el área de producción de una empresa de manufactura
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-08-05) Pulla Samaniego, Junnior Alexander; Quizhpi Paz, Eddy Iván; Flores Sigüenza, Pablo Andrés
The Ecuadorian manufacturing industry, which is mostly made up of MSMEs, faces challenges such as resource waste, lack of standardization, and resistance to change. These factors affect its competitiveness, efficiency, and sustainability. In response to this situation, the application of Lean and continuous improvement tools was proposed as an alternative to improve operational indicators of companies in this sector. The objective of this thesis project was to design, implement, and evaluate these tools in a company that produces products based on non-metallic minerals. The methodology was developed in three stages. First, the organizational context was analyzed through a Value Stream Mapping (VSM) to identify the main wastes. Then, Lean and continuous improvement tools were selected based on a systematic review using the Fink methodology and a PICK matrix, prioritizing 5S and the PDCA cycle. Finally, these tools were implemented in the packaging area, documenting the processes and monitoring key performance indicators (KPIs). The results showed an improvement of over 30% in monthly production after implementing 5S, in addition to a reduction in operational downtime linked to disorganization. More than 80 non-conformities were identified and resolved through internal audits. The PDCA cycle made it possible to close the improvement process by standardizing activities, optimizing the layout, and monitoring indicators. In conclusion, the structured application of Lean and continuous improvement tools enhances efficiency, fosters a culture of continuous improvement, and can be replicated in other manufacturing companies in the sector.
Desarrollo de un sistema digital de gestión y trazabilidad para los laboratorios de innovación de la carrera Ingeniería Industrial de la Universidad de Cuenca basado en la acreditación ABET
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-08-04) Freire Puma, Angel Jordy; Narváez Buestán, Freddy Eduardo
The Industrial Engineering program at the University of Cuenca aims to obtain international accreditation to ensure the quality and competitiveness of its academic curriculum. In this context, this work focuses on the development of a digital management and internal traceability system for the program’s laboratories. The system is designed based on the parameters established in ABET Criterion 7, titled Facilities, which emphasizes the need for effective management of laboratories, equipment, and institutional resources to support the achievement of required competencies and provide an appropriate learning environment. The system will be developed using the AppSheet platform and will incorporate technologies such as QR codes to facilitate the management of equipment, resources, and documentation. It will also enable the planning of preventive and corrective maintenance, the scheduling of student reservations, and real-time monitoring of raw material and spare part consumption. In turn, this will allow for efficient internal traceability by tracking the use and condition of resources. This system is expected not only to support compliance with international accreditation standards, but also to significantly improve laboratory management, thereby contributing to the program’s development and national positioning.
Implementación de herramientas lean y evaluación de su incidencia en la calidad de servicio. Caso de estudio: sector minorista de venta de productos esenciales
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-07-30) Barbecho Simbaña, Karla Viviana; Méndez Cabrera, Diego Esteban; Barragán Landy, Milton Francisco
The competitive world of the retail sector is looking for strategies that allow it to maintain its presence in the market and satisfy the high demands of customers. In this scenario, this degree work aims to implement Lean Manufacturing tools in two organizations (A and B) in the retail sector of essential products. For this purpose, this work was divided into four phases, the first one being a literature review that identified the Lean tools applied in this context. This was followed by the identification and validation of the factors that add value to the customer. In phase three, an initial diagnosis was made (level of waste and quality of service). Subsequently, with the findings, Lean tools were selected and implemented in each organization (5S, Kanban and Poka Yoke boards) through a pilot test. Finally, the results obtained were analyzed. The results showed a moderately positive impact on waste reduction, increasing the sigma level (indicator that measures the efficiency and quality of the process) by 7.5%, 15.5% and 22.8% in Organization A. Likewise, for Organization B, the sigma level increased by 15.4%, 28.1% and 31.7%. On the other hand, the incidence of service quality was positive, registering an increase of 1% in Organization A and 9% in Organization B. The development of this work was important because it addressed certain limitations and covered the concepts of traditional and modern retailing in developing countries. In addition, the study contributes to and opens up new research on Lean in the retail sector.
Propuesta de reingeniería para la optimización y sostenibilidad del proceso de producción de quinua en una agroproductora andina
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-07-24) Garces Lojano, Anthony Alexander; Flores Sigüenza, Pablo Andrés
Currently, agricultural industries face the challenge of adapting to an increasingly competitive and sustainability-driven environment, which compels them to rethink their production processes. In this context, the present thesis addresses the reengineering of the quinoa production process in an Andean agroindustrial association, through a methodology based on Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) and operational efficiency improvement strategies. The methodology was developed in three phases. First, a current-state plant diagnosis was carried out to identify bottlenecks, inefficiencies, and operational constraints. In the second phase, a systematic literature review was conducted to underpin the use of SLP as a structural framework and to define the simulation indicators and tools. Building on this, three alternatives were designed: reduction of the utilized area, replacement of equipment, and modification of batch size. Finally, each alternative was modeled and evaluated through simulation and performance indicators; the results showed that the batch-size reduction option (Alternative 3) emerged as the most feasible in the short term, as it improved internal flow and reduced work-in-process (WIP) inventory, while area reduction (Alternative 1) and equipment replacement (Alternative 2) proved advisable for the long term. This thesis is not limited to a single case study, as the structured approach applied can be adapted to other production settings, regardless of the industrial sector to which they belong.
Diseño de un modelo de análisis del nivel de madurez sostenible en Pymes y microempresas del sector de alimentos en el Cantón Cañar
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-06-23) Chuqui Mainato, Jennyfer Catalina; Llivisaca Villazhañay, Juan Carlos
This research analyzes current global challenges such as pollution, climate change, and economic recession, which also affect Ecuador. In this context, it highlights the need to promote sustainable practices in businesses and to analyze business models. The study focuses on developing a model to measure the level of sustainable maturity of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and microenterprises in the food sector in the Cañar canton, due to their economic relevance and social and environmental impact. The approach considers triple impact business models (economic, social, and environmental), aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2, 9, and 12. The selection of the canton is based on its business diversity and its commitment to cultural identity, food sovereignty, and the preservation of ancestral knowledge. To validate the model, 94 questions related to sustainability indicators were designed, and a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied, allowing for the reduction of data dimensionality and identification of key factors. The KMO test, Chi-square test, and p-value confirmed the adequacy of the data. The analysis resulted in 21 principal components, grouped into dimensions such as social responsibility, environmental impact, and innovation. These segments provide a clear and practical approach for evaluating the level of sustainability in businesses within the Cañar canton. Overall, the proposed model serves as a practical tool for diagnosing, comparing, and strengthening sustainability in this type of organization, thereby contributing to responsible economic development and environmental well-being in the country.
Identificación de defectos en textiles utilizando algoritmos de inteligencia artificial
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-20) Arce Castro, Josue David; Llivisaca Villazhañay, Juan Carlos
Timely and accurate detection of defects in textile products is crucial to ensure quality, reduce costs and meet consumer demands. However, traditional visual inspection methods have limitations in terms of consistency, scalability and objectivity. This research evaluated the potential of several unsupervised anomaly detection algorithms based on artificial intelligence techniques to improve textile defect identification. The performances of Isolation Forest, Local Outlier Factor (LOF), Elliptic Envelope, One-Class SVM, DBSCAN and K-Means were implemented and compared. The results showed that the Isolation Forest model stood out for obtaining the best values in accuracy, precision and F1-score, indicating its ability to detect defects with few false positives and negatives. On the other hand, LOF had the highest sensitivity, while DBSCAN presented a relatively high specificity. The implementation of these AI algorithms in textile production environments could automate and optimize inspection processes, reducing costs and improving product quality. This research contributes to the field of artificial intelligence applied to manufacturing, demonstrating the potential of anomaly detection models to address specific challenges in the textile industry.
Identificación y caracterización de los proveedores en la cadena de suministro agroalimentarias en la región andina: Caso de estudio III
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-19) Fajardo Lozada, Oscar Daniel; Ortega Cárdenas, Michael Andrés; Jadán Avilés, Diana Carolina
This study focused on identifying and characterizing suppliers in the agri-food supply chain of the Andean region through a farmers' association as a case study. The research used a mixed approach combining quantitative and qualitative analysis with face-to-face visits and surveys to assess key aspects such as sustainability, resilience, applied technologies and a humancentered approach. The analysis included hierarchical grouping techniques to group suppliers according to their characteristics resulting in numerous groupings in each analysis variable and conceptually grouped matrices that allowed to clearly identify the strengths, opportunities and areas for improvement of the supplier groups. The suppliers belong to a traditional agrifood system. Significant differences were identified in sustainability, resilience and technological adoption. A trend towards sustainable agri-environmental practices was observed, with challenges in water management and quality. Resilience was manifested in adaptive capacity, such as diversification of production. A gap in technology adoption between groups was detected. The findings highlight the need for appropriate technology, better water management and fostering generational succession, which are key to ensuring the long-term sustainability of supply chains. Finally, strategic recommendations are presented to strengthen relationships between supply chain actors and improve the competitiveness of suppliers in the face of environmental and economic challenges.
Impacto del comportamiento de la viscosidad en compuestos de la cubierta de rodamientos para llantas PLT
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-02-12) González Reinoso, Mayle Julissa; Guamán Guachichullca, Noé Rodrigo
This preliminary project addresses the impact of rubber viscosity behavior on the compounds of bearing covers for PLT tires at Continental Tire Andina. A problem has been identified in the variability of the compounds' viscosity, especially in the case of the T01004 compound, which has exceeded the acceptable annual failure limit. The research was conducted using a non- experimental descriptive methodology, utilizing various measurement tools, check sheets, forms, and observation for data collection. Subsequently, the ANOVA statistical technique was applied to quantitatively assess the impact of viscosity on the extrusion process and the final quality of the bearings. In addition to viscosity, other variables affecting the bearing length were identified. In the case of the T01004 compound, these variables include continuous weight and screw RPM (150). For the T14663 compound, the additional variables are continuous weight, preform temperature, and cylinder 1 temperature (150). This highlights the complexity of the production process. The operational variability and behavior of the variables are notably similar, despite the differences in stability between the T01004 and T14663 compounds. The objective was not only to understand this impact but also to find the most efficient and optimal way to produce bearings, thereby directly benefiting Continental Tire Andina.
Propuesta de un proceso Industrial de obtención de hilo a partir de fibra de Pseudo tallo de banano para una pyme ubicada en la ciudad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-02-03) Jaya Arias, María de los Ángeles; Flores Sigüenza, Pablo Andrés
Banana is Ecuador's main export product; it generates different sources of employment and contributes to the country's economic growth. Bananas are plants whose pseudo stem is cut once the fruit is harvested, generating billions of tons of waste per year, which is why it is important to use the pseudo stem as a source of raw material. The textile industry contributes to the country's development, being the second manufacturing sector that generates sources of employment. For this reason, it is proposed to design an industrial process where the fiber obtained from the banana pseudo stem can be used as raw material to obtain textile thread. The proposed methodology consists of three phases. In the first phase, information is obtained on the banana species (musas) present in Ecuador with their physical-chemical characteristics, and the fiber extraction processes. In the second phase, a market study, a technical and economic study are carried out and the sustainability of the project is analyzed. Finally, in the third phase, the production plant is designed and a simulation is carried out in the Flexsim software of the behavior of the textile thread production plant with current demand and future demand. The results describe the best process for fiber extraction, the characteristics of the fiber from the pseudo stem, the demand for yarn from the pseudo stem is determined, the yarn production process is described, obtaining the production costs and the initial investment, the sustainability of the project is analyzed, and it is observed whether the proposed design is capable of meeting future demand.
Determinantes de servicio que contribuyen a la satisfacción de los clientes en una empresa de acabados de la construcción
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-01-07) Guzmán García, Dana Giselle; Barragán Landy, Milton Francisco
This research focuses on companies in charge of construction finishing, with the purpose of analyzing the service determinants that contribute to customer satisfaction. An experimental and descriptive research was conducted. It began with a literature review, and then contrasted the information with interviews, surveys and a focus group made up of industry experts and customers. Additionally, a statistical analysis was performed to identify the correlation between the variables studied. The main results highlight competencies such as teamwork, adaptability, problem solving, communication, among others, as the most relevant for the client; on the other hand, the main source for collecting and managing information about the client's needs are visual elements to express their desires. The level of satisfaction in relation to the internal management of the case study company shows positive results in the design process, however, it varies in the installation and delivery time. According to the results there is a significant correlation between the level of customer satisfaction and the internal management of the case study company, these also allowed to identify opportunities for improvement and provide a framework for the tools and competencies that are required in this sector. It is recommended to establish the determinants of satisfaction in several similar companies to obtain the comprehensiveness of the data and develop tools that allow companies to manage the level of detail required by customers in dynamic companies.
Influencia e interrelación de los stakeholders en la cadena de suministros de la agroindustria
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-01-07) Mendoza Revilla, John Michael; Guamán Guachichullca, Noé Rodrigo
In an Agroindustrial Supply Chain, Stakeholder analysis is highly relevant for understanding and operating the chain effectively. Clear insight into these Stakeholders' relationships within the structure provides a clear and relevant path for effective decision-making within the SC. Global studies reflect the importance of analyzing the influence and relevance of these interest groups in a healthy SC. However, at a local level in South American countries, significant progress has not been made in identifying and classifying Stakeholders. Given this, in Ecuador, in the Parish of Susudel, the importance of analyzing the influence of Stakeholders within an agricultural chain of the Luz y Sal Association is proposed. By utilizing methodologies to identify, classify, and map these interest groups, the aim is to understand how they influence the Association.
Evaluación y propuesta de gestión de riesgos laborales en talleres mecánicos de la zona urbana de la ciudad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-01-09) Murudumbay Villagrán, Jorge Aníbal; Espinoza Hernández, Paulina Rebeca
In the present research, an evaluation of occupational risks in mechanical workshops in the city of Cuenca was carried out, through the application of an initial Checklist that allowed a general evaluation of the risks present in the different areas of the workshop, the NTP330 methodology, the psychosocial risk assessment questionnaire of the Ministry of Labor, the S20/23 job satisfaction questionnaire, on the other hand, the REBA methodology was used to evaluate ergonomics. As results, it was obtained that in the workshops there are risk factors that require levels of urgent intervention such as ergonomics (postures, lifting loads), "workplaces", "handling of hand tools and machines", etc. Regarding psychosocial risks, although the percentage is not so representative within the population evaluated, a high risk could be evidenced in factors such as "promotion and training opportunities", "production objectives and goals to be achieved". With the results obtained, a risk management guide was made in order to provide information that allows the proper management of safety in the workshops, making suggestions to the owners of these establishments to improve the work environment, and thus avoid accidents both for workers and for the people who use the facilities.
Estudio de aplicación de la metodología Six Sigma en los procesos de construcción y vulcanización de neumáticos aro 18 para la identificación de causas que generan producto no conforme - caso de estudio Continental Tire Andina
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-01-09) Garay Pintado, Doménica Tamara; Zamora Bautista, David Paúl; Barragán Landy, Milton Francisco
In the current business landscape, processes play a crucial role due to their impact on the efficiency, quality, competitiveness, and innovation capacity of organizations. Controlling these processes is essential to ensure product or service consistency, optimize resource use, reduce costs, and guarantee customer satisfaction through reliable and high-quality deliveries. This investigation demonstrates the use of the Six Sigma methodology in the construction and vulcanization processes by controlling critical quality parameters in two ARO 18 tires to minimize non-conforming materials. The variability of quality parameters was analyzed before and after the project's implementation, focusing on three key manufacturing stages: two in construction (carcass, expansion) and one in vulcanization (curing). The Six Sigma methodology, through the DMAIC stages (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control), initially identified the causes of the uniformity problem using 5W 2H and conducted surveys with machine operators to pinpoint the most relevant factors for improving uniformity. A design of experiments and both descriptive and ANOVA statistical analyses were fundamental in controlling the processes and obtaining quantitative data on the effectiveness of changes in RIM 18 tire production. Based on the results, the optimal combination of components in each stage resulted in uniformity values within the company's established limits, along with proposing improvement methods to maintain quality in future manufacturing processes

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