Psicología-Tesis de Pregrado

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Inteligencia emocional y comprensión lectora en estudiantes de unidades educativas de la ciudad de Cuenca, en el período 2022 - 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-02-20) Romero Cárdenas, María Alejandra; Orellana Escandón, María Paola; Ortiz Ochoa, William Alfredo
Emotional intelligence can influence the way a text is understood. In Ecuador, Reading comprehension is a cultural barrier evidenced by statistics with limited research on the relationship between those variables. This quantitative descriptive-correlational study animed to correlate emotional Intelligence and reading comprehension in students from 7 educational units in Cuenca during the 2022-2023 period. Two hundred and thirty-two fifth-graders, ages between 8 and 11 years, responded to PROLEC-R and SCHUTTE instruments. The results indicated that, in the four dimensions of emotional intelligence, most students were at a moderate level: 51.3 % in perception, 50 % in facilitation, 50.4 % in understanding, and 48.7 % in regulation. In Reading comprehension, more than half of the students presented severe difficulties in sentence comprehension 51.3 %, while the majority scored "Normal" in text comprehension 72.4 % and oral comprehension 76.6 %. In correlation analysis, the researchers identified no significant relationship between the variables. In conclusion, although most students exhibited moderate levels of emotional intelligence and difficulties in sentence comprehension were identified, there was no significant correlation. Finally, the main limitations lie in the inability to extrapolate the results to other educational levels and the possibility of additional variables not considered in the study
Relación entre la salud mental positiva y el deterioro cognitivo leve en adultos mayores del Centro de Cuidados del Adulto Mayor de la ciudad de Cuenca, en el periodo 2022 – 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-03-01) Marín Balcázar, Steeven Santiago; Velecela Sanango, Henry David; Webster Cordero, Felipe Edmundo
Positive mental health is conceived as the absence of disease or the presence of certain personality attributes that protect the individual from becoming ill or assist in the recovery or rehabilitation from difficulties or disorders. On the other hand, mild cognitive impairment is an alteration in one or more domains of cognition greater than expected in a person of the same age and educational level, but not of sufficient intensity to establish the diagnosis of dementia. For this reason, it is proposed as an objective to relate the levels of positive mental health and mild cognitive impairment in older adults of the Elderly Care Center of the City of Cuenca in the period 2022 - 2023. The research has a quantitative approach, with a correlational scope, non- experimental and cross-sectional design. Forty-seven older adults participated in the study and were administered the Mental Health Contínuum Short Form Scale, adapted to the Ecuadorian context, the Mini-Mental Cognitive Examination and a sociodemographic card. The research shows mild and moderate cognitive impairment in the population, in which there are medium, medium-high and high levels of positive mental health; as an interesting finding it is concluded that there is no relationship between positive mental health and mild cognitive impairment.
Relación de las prácticas parentales y conductas disruptivas en estudiantes de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Manuel J. Calle, en el periodo 2022- 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-04-21) Rodriguez Rocano, Milton Oswaldo; Yuquilema Yambay, Wilson Armando; Conforme Zambrano, Elsa Gardenia
Parental practices are strategies used by parents in raising children to promote care, protection and teaching. Based on the theory of Self Determination Theory (SAT) there are positive parenting practices that promote healthy psychological growth; affection, support for autonomy and structure, and negative practices such as rejection, psychological control, and disorganization, which allow them to manifest disruptive behaviors, understood as maladaptive behaviors that distort group dynamics and hinder the teaching-learning process. By taking this problem into account, the research aims to relate parental practices and disruptive behaviors in high school students of the Manuel J. Calle Educational Unit. In turn, identify the predominance of practices and the existence of disruptive behaviors, to compare them according to sociodemographic variables. The study worked with a quantitative approach, correlational in scope, with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design. The Parental Practices Questionnaire and the Dissocial Behavior Scale (ECODI27) were used. A simple alloy probabilistic sampling was used, with a confidence level of 95 % and a 5 % margin of error, therefore, 231 students (129 men and 102 women) participated, with an average age of 16 years. The results reveal that Support-Support (M=3.79; SD=0.93) It is the predominant practice, perceived mainly by the male gender. In addition, it was found that 9.52 % of the participants presented traits of disruptive behaviors. When relating parental practices to disruptive behaviors, slight relationships were found between Support-Support with Theft and Vandalism and Graffiti (rs=-.138- rs=-.165 p< .05) and moderate between; Psychological Control with Mischief, Lawsuits and Weapons and Oppositional Challenging Behavior (rs= .206-rs=-.219, p< .01). It can be concluded that the greater the perception of positive parenting practices, the less presence of disruptive behaviors.
Relación entre autoestima y dependencia emocional en relaciones de pareja de estudiantes de la carrera de Enfermería de la Universidad de Cuenca, periodo 2022 - 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-04-24) Zhizhpón Figueroa, Wilson Alexander; Delgado Quezada, Tania Lorena
Self-esteem is considered one of the forecasters that stands out the most in the degree of psychological adjustment during the life cycle, it is related to the emotional state, feelings, attitudes of conformity or nonconformity of oneself and it is promising for the performance of the daily life to the fullest. On the other hand, emotional dependence is a problem in which emotional and behavioral aspects are involved, it is related to the mistaken beliefs that people have regarding love and life as a couple, causing awkwardness to those who suffer from it. Therefore, this research proposed as a general objective to determine the relationship between self-esteem and emotional dependence in the relationships of third-semester students of the Nursing major at the University of Cuenca, during the time-period 2022-2023. This investigation was carried out under a quantitative approach of correlational scope with a non- experimental - cross-sectional design. The population involved 96 students, of which we worked with a non-probabilistic sample until reaching 30 students. The applied instruments were the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Lemos and Londoño Emotional Dependency Questionnaire, and a sociodemographic file adapted by the author. The results of this research were that 48.7.% of the participants presented high levels of self-esteem and 79.5% low levels of emotional dependence, besides, no significant correlation was found between these two variables (r=.000); which means that each variable acts independently on the participants.
Relación entre funcionalidad familiar e inteligencia emocional intrapersonal en niños y niñas de unidades educativas fiscales urbanas de la ciudad de Cuenca en el periodo 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-05) Araujo Pérez, Rosa Isabel; Corte Pérez, Alex Xavier; Arias Medina, William Paúl
Family function is the ability of the members of the family to interact harmoniously among themselves. An important factor to consider when talking about family function is intrapersonal emotional intelligence, since individuals who had a safe attachment style in childhood have adequate levels of intrapersonal emotional intelligence and show higher levels of well-being. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between family function and intrapersonal emotional intelligence in children from urban public schools in the city of Cuenca in 2022. The research was developed from a quantitative approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional and correlational scope, applied on a sample of 92 students aged between 9 and 11 years old. A database was used that applied the Family APGAR questionnaire, TMMS-24 scale, and a sociodemographic cuestionnaire. The results revealed that the predominant family function category was normal family function. Besides, no statistically significant differences were found between sex categories in any of the dimensions of intrapersonal emotional intelligence and emotional repair was the predominant. It is concluded that there is a positive relationship of moderate and low level in most of the components of family function and the dimensions of intrapersonal emotional intelligence.
Relación entre el bienestar psicológico y la ansiedad social en estudiantes de la carrera de Orientación Familiar de la Universidad de Cuenca, durante el periodo 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-05) Romero Gavilanes, Katherine Andrea; Delgado Quezada, Tania Lorena
Social anxiety implies a disproportionate fear in situations of social interaction, in which the individual opts for behaviors that affect the performance of the human being in all its dimensions. This alteration of a cognitive, behavioral, and emotional nature is more prevalent in university students and is related to the appearance of other pathologies. Therefore, this research proposes a general objective to determine the relationship between psychological well-being and social anxiety in students of the Family Guidance course at the University of Cuenca, in the period 2022- 2023; and as specific objectives to identify the levels of psychological well-being and social anxiety present in the students. The study had a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental, cross- sectional, and correlational scope design. We worked on a sample of 97 students of the Family Orientation course. The instruments that were applied were the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale adapted to Spanish and the Liebowitz Scale for Social Anxiety. The results showed that the Family Orientation students at the University of Cuenca presented a moderate level of psychological well-being (M= 133.71) and a mild level of social anxiety (M= 24.69). No significant correlation was found regarding the relationship between these two variables (r=.061; p=.551). However, a relationship was found between the dimensions of each variable.
Relación entre la satisfacción sexual y el bienestar psicológico en mujeres estudiantes de la carrera de Género y Desarrollo de la Universidad de Cuenca, en el periodo 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-08) Arias Méndez, Bryam José; Ochoa Cevallos, María Esthela; Peña Contreras, Eva Karina
Sexual satisfaction is an evaluative construct related to the pleasure that a person has in the development of his or her sexuality, which influences his or her own psychological well-being. Therefore, the present research sought to determine the relationship between sexual satisfaction and psychological well-being in female students of Gender and Development at the University of Cuenca, as well as to describe the level of sexual satisfaction and psychological well-being and to determine which dimensions of the sexual satisfaction index correlate positively with the dimensions of the psychological well-being scale. The study had a quantitative approach of correlational scope, with a non experimental, cross-sectional design. The participants consisted of a sample of 79 women. The instruments applied were the Sexual Satisfaction Index of Hudson et al. (1981) adapted to Spanish by Crooks and Baur (2000) and the Psychological Well-Being Scale of Ryff (1989), reduced by Díaz et al. (2006). The results demonstrated the existence of a positive relationship between sexual satisfaction and psychological well-being. In addition, it was possible to identify that sexual satisfaction and high psychological well-being were predominant. With respect to the relationship between the dimensions of the instruments, it was identified that only the sexual satisfaction dimension is positively related to dimensions of psychological well-being. Finally, it is concluded that sexual satisfaction is a factor that positively influences the psychological well-being of women, and that it is important to create education and promotion programs that are centered on sexuality.
Relación entre inteligencia emocional y estilos de crianza en madres y padres estudiantes con hijos en el aula de estimulación temprana y tutorías preescolares de la Universidad de Cuenca, en el periodo 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-08) Barreto Castro, Erika Paola; Loján Carrión, Jackeline Guadalupe; Cabrera Vélez, María Marcela
Emotional intelligence is important in people's lives, since it allows for the recognition of one's own emotions as well as those of others, and therefore, a better adaptation to the context. From this perspective, when a person becomes a parent, its presence is imperative, since an adequate emotional control strengthens the bond between parents and children. The present cuantitative study with correlational scope, aimed to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence levels and parenting styles of mothers and fathers’ students with children in the Early Stimulation classroom and Preschool Tutoring of the University of Cuenca during the period 2022- 2023. The participants were 32 adults between 18-35 years of age. Data collection was carried out using two instruments: the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS-S) Spanish version by Extremera et al., (1997) and the ENE-P: Scale of standards and demands version parents (Bersabé et al., 1999). The results indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between the study variables. Likewise, a high level of emotional intelligence predominates, as well as a democratic parenting style. There were no significant differences between age and marital status and parenting styles. It is concluded that parents, university students who fulfill a dual role, have a high level of emotional intelligence and execute an adequate parenting style to foster in their children both emotional strategies and social skills.
Relación entre rasgos de personalidad e imagen corporal en estudiantes de la carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y Deporte de la Universidad de Cuenca, en el periodo 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-08) Cobeña Minaya, Camila Belén; Martínez Bernabé, María Paz; Carrasco Vintimilla, Juana Lucía
The study of personality and body image allows analysis of the set of behavioral and psychological patterns that characterize individuals as well as the perception they have of their physical appearance. The purpose of this research was to establish and analyze the relationship between personality traits and body image in college students. The approach was a correlational and cross-sectional study. The instruments used for data collection were the Body Shape Questionnaire and the NEO-FFI personality test ¬as well as a sociodemographic profile. The sample consisted of 181 students from the first to the seventh semester of the Pedagogy of Physical Activity and Sport major at the University of Cuenca. The results indicated that the neuroticism personality trait predominates in the participants and there are no significant differences in personality traits according to sex. Regarding body image, women reflect greater general body dissatisfaction compared to men. Furthermore, there are mild and moderate relationships between body dissatisfaction and extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness/kindness and conscientiousness. On the other hand, neuroticism does not show any kind of relationship. The primary finding from this study is that openness, conscientiousness, extraversion and agreeableness are correlated with body image.
Percepciones de satisfacción marital a raíz de la pandemia de COVID-19 en médicos del Centro de Especialidades Médicas de la Universidad de Cuenca, en el periodo 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-08) Aulestia Alvarado, Karla Estefania; Pacheco Ortega, Juliana; López Alvarado, Silvia Lucía
Marital satisfaction is considered as the perception that an individual has within a relationship, in which each person evaluates it in relation to the degree of achievement of a goal, desire, marital pleasure, communication, time shared together, and structural aspects such as roles, compliance, and limits and rules establishment with respect to the marital relationship. This research aims to investigate the perceptions of marital satisfaction during the Covid-19 pandemic in the medical staff of the Center of Medical Specialties of the University of Cuenca. A qualitative study was conducted through the application of six semi-structured interviews. The data was processed adopting the principles of the Thematic Analysis in order to have a correct organization through codes, categories, and themes. The results showed that the participants' communication with their partners improved during the pandemic due to the time they dedicated to recreational activities, which allowed them to consolidate their marital relationship. The participants also mentioned that there was a decrease in sexual activity, but that this did not generate major conflicts because, through dialogue and mutual understanding, they were able to solve it. Finally, the participants stated that they gave more importance to the parental role than to the couple's relationship during the pandemic. Therefore, it can be concluded that marital satisfaction perceptions were positive for the medical doctors, despite the health emergency, because the confinement characteristics allowed them to consolidate their marital relationship.
Estrés académico y ansiedad por la elección vocacional en adolescentes de tercero de bachillerato de las unidades educativas particulares de Cuenca- Ecuador, en el período 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-08) Naula Quezada, Nicole Sthefany; Santacruz Palacios, Nicole Andrea; Pacheco Salazar, María de Lourdes
Adolescents in their role as students are faced with various situations, which when not properly addressed can generate problems such as stress and anxiety, a clear example of these situations is the vocational choice for the implications it represents for academic and personal life. Both stress and anxiety put physical and psychological health at risk, affecting mental and emotional well-being and influencing optimal academic and personal performance. The general objective of this research is to describe the levels of academic stress and the ranges of anxiety for vocational choice that predominate in adolescents in the third year of high school of the Private Educational Units of Cuenca-Ecuador, in the period 2022-2023. It had a quantitative approach, non-experimental, cross-sectional design and descriptive scope. We worked with a population of 59 students who were in the third year of high school at the Santiago de Compostela Private Educational Unit or at the American School Educational Unit. The instruments applied were the Systemic Cognitive Inventory for the study of academic stress and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. The results showed that the predominant level of academic stress due to vocational choice corresponds to the moderate level, while the predominant range of anxiety due to vocational choice is severe anxiety. In conclusion, adolescents in the third year of high school of the two Educational Units of Cuenca-Ecuador present a moderate level of academic stress and a severe range of anxiety for vocational choice.
Rasgos de personalidad y estrategias de afrontamiento en estudiantes de quinto ciclo de la Licenciatura en Psicología de la Universidad de Cuenca, periodo 2022 – 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-09) Ortega Morocho, Marco Vinicio; Salazar Neira, Lisseth Patricia; Cabrera Vélez, María Marcela
Personality traits determine people ́s behavior and therefore influence how individuals perceive and act in different life situations. Coping strategies are defined as the cognitive and behavioral processes that allow people to evaluate and manage the environment demands. Some studies have shown that both traits and coping strategies, influence welfare and academic performance. This way, the general objective of the present investigation consisted on describing the personality traits and coping strategies in accordance with age and sex variables among students from the fifth semester of the Psychology major at the University of Cuenca. The study had a quantitative approach, non-experimental, cross-sectional and with a descriptive scope. We worked with a population of 112 students in the fifth semester of the Psychology major. For this, the instruments applied were the Inventory Personality NEO-FFI by Costa and McCrae, the Multidimensional Coping Estimation Inventory COPE by Carver, and a sociodemographic file created by the authors. For the data processing, the SPSS statistical program in its version 25 was used. As results, it was found that the predominant feature in the students was responsibility (M=30.96) and the most used coping strategies were: positive reinterpretation and personal growth. (M=11.79), planning (M=10.64) and acceptance (M=10.60). It is concluded that students present characteristics oriented towards organization and discipline within their activities, as well as a tendency to accept and learn from problems, which is why they respond systematically to them.
Autoestima y Centro Especializado en el Tratamiento de Adicciones Voluntad y Fortaleza de Cuenca en el periodo 2022 – 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-25) Aguaiza Baño, Andrea Maricela; Añazco Paladines, Juliana Pauleth; Pernas Álvarez, Isis Angélica
Self-esteem and resilience are little-studied variables in adult patients who present a problematic alcohol use and other substances as well. Studies both nationally and internationally show that users tend to have average to medium-low self-esteem and resilience. Although the two variables have been studied separately, this research aims to provide information on both variables together. Therefore, the objective is to describe the levels of self-esteem and resilience according to the age and type of substance consumed by the users of the Specialized Addiction Treatment Center “Voluntad y Fortaleza” in Cuenca in the time-period 2022-2023. The study has a quantitative approach, type of non-experimental, cross-sectional design and descriptive scope. We worked with a population of 34 inmates with substance use disorder. The applied instruments were the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale adapted to Spanish by Novella, the Rosenberg Self- esteem Scale and a sociodemographic file made by the authors. The obtained results were high levels of self-esteem, with a predominance of the positive dimension and the substance of alcohol consumption in early and middle adulthood. Regarding resilience, high levels are evident in early adulthood and medium levels in middle adulthood. Personal satisfaction and perseverance dimensions predominate.
Relación entre autoestima y habilidades sociales en estudiantes de la carrera de Educación Básica de la Universidad de Cuenca, periodo 2022-2023
(Universdidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-30) Carrasco Sánchez, Ana Isabel; Izquierdo Moscoso, María Verónica; Ortiz Ochoa, William Alfredo
In the educational field, the role of teachers is essential for a good learning process to take place. Therefore, it is considered of utmost importance that they are prepared academically, emotionally and mentally. In this sense, self-esteem and social skills are key components in the well-being of people, since they influence how individuals act towards themselves and others. Consequently, the main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the levels of self-esteem and the levels of social skills of the students of the Basic Education career of the University of Cuenca in the 2022-2023 term and as specific objectives the levels of self-esteem and social skills presented by the students were determined, likewise the dimensions of self-esteem and social skills of the subjects were identified. The research was developed with a quantitative approach with a correlational scope, and a non-experimental of a cross-sectional nature type design. The population consisted of 203 students. The instruments implemented were the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Goldstein Social Skills Scale. The results showed medium levels of self-esteem, on the other hand, the students also present high levels of social skills. Thus, the correlation between self-esteem and social skills proves to be significant, meaning that there is a directly proportional relationship between self-esteem and social skills. In conclusion, there is a direct correlation of medium intensity between both variables, since the higher the self-esteem, the higher the levels of social skills.
Estrategias de afrontamiento según variables sociodemográficas en usuarios de los Centros Especializados en tratamiento a personas con consumo problemático de alcohol y otras drogas de Amor y Vida y Hacia una Nueva Vida, en Cuenca-Azuay, periodo 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-05-31) León León, Carla Noelia; Velecela Chumbi, Erika Julissa; López Orellana, Cindy Tatiana
Toxic substance abuse is one of the main public health problems worldwide and the causes of death related to the consumption of these substances range between 0.5% and 3/1% at a general level. Therefore, this research aimed to describe the coping strategies that predominate in the rehabilitation process of users at Centers Amor y Vida, and Hacia una Nueva Vida, these Centers specialize in the treatment of people with problematic alcohol and other drug intakes, in CuencaAzuay, time-period 2022-2023. The population consisted of 50 toxic substance users aged between 18 and 65. The approach used in this study was quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional. The applied instrument is called “Londono’s Modified Coping Strategies”, it’s a Likert-type scale that measures the coping strategies of people in stressful situations. The results showed that the coping strategy that prevailed in patients was “Religion”, followed by “Positive reassessment”. In conclusion, patients that faced stressful or problematic situations tend to get closer to religion because they believe that there is a divine or superior being to help them face adversity in a better way.
Ideación suicida e inteligencia emocional intrapersonal en estudiantes de Derecho de la Universidad de Cuenca, periodo 2022-2023
(Universdidad de Cuenca, 2023-06-02) Delgado Ortiz, Juan Esteban; Sumba Pinos, Erika Nataly; Ortiz Ochoa, William Alfredo
Suicidal ideation is defined as the presence of thoughts about taking one's own life, and is a problem present in university students, in turn, it is known that emotional intelligence is a protective factor against such suicidal thoughts and is defined as the ability of a person to attend, regulate, repair, understand and express their emotions. It was recognized that in the Ecuadorian population there is little research describing these variables in the university context. Therefore, the general objective of this research was to describe the presence or absence of suicidal ideation according to the dimensions of emotional intelligence in law students of the University of Cuenca and the specific objectives were to identify the presence or absence of suicidal ideation and to determine the scores of the dimensions of attention, clarity and emotional repair belonging to emotional intelligence. A quantitative approach, cross-sectional, non-experimental design and descriptive scope were used. The sample was simple random probability composed of 168 students. The Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale (ISB) and the Trait Meta Mood Scale-24 (TMMS-24) of Emotional Intelligence were used for data collection. As the most relevant results, it was found that 38.10% of the participants presented suicidal ideation. Regarding emotional intelligence, women expressed greater emotional attention, and men showed higher scores for clarity and repair of emotions. People without suicidal ideation present adequate scores in the dimensions of emotional intelligence, while participants with suicidal ideation report inadequate scores in emotional clarity and repair, as well as greater attention to emotions.
Relación entre inteligencia emocional y depresión en adolescentes de segundo de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Jadán de Gualaceo - Azuay, en el periodo 2022- 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-07-10) Tinoco Espinoza, María Fernanda; Velecela Guapisaca, Odalis Janneth; Heras Benavides, Dalila Nataly
Depression is a mental disorder that, due to its prevalence and incidence, constitutes a public health problem; various research has shown that there are certain conditions of vulnerability for the presence of this disorder in the stage of adolescence, which is due to the fact that it is a transition stage from childhood to adulthood, and where the biopsychosocial changes that take place in it are evident, compared to other stages. Faced with this, it has been shown that having emotional intelligence reduces the risk of suffering from this type of disorder, acting as a protective agent. The overall objective of the research was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and depression with the variables of age and sex among 11th- grade students at “Unidad Educativa Jadán-Gualaceo”. The method used in this study had a quantitative approach, non-experimental, cross-sectional design type, and a correlational scope; with the participation of 58 students; the instruments, Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS-S) were used to learn the scores of the dimensions of emotional intelligence and the Beck II Depression Inventory (BDI-II), to obtain the levels of depression. The results obtained were that adolescents show a tendency to low levels of depression, however, females have a slightly higher score than males; in emotional intelligence and its four dimensions, the evaluation of one ́s own emotions is the dimension that prevails in this population, in addition, men have higher scores in evaluation of their own emotions and use of emotions. In conclusion, there is a negative correlation between emotional intelligence and depression, therefore, the lower the emotional intelligence, the higher the level of depression.
Relación entre los rasgos de personalidad y los niveles de felicidad en estudiantes que cursan la unidad profesionalizante en la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Cuenca, durante el período 2022 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-07-10) Guachichullca Guamán, Michelle Priscila; Pauta Toapante, Paula Salomé; Piedra Carrión, María José
Within psychology, the study of the influence of happiness on well-being has been widely investigated by positive psychology, since it provides multiple benefits for the quality of life and the development of human beings. In addition to this, several articles have shown that personality traits are related to the level of happiness that a person can experience, so that certain traits such as neuroticism, tend to mark low levels of happiness and others such as extraversion score high levels. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the relationship between personality traits and happiness levels in students of the Faculty of Psychology of the professionalizing unit of the University of Cuenca, in the period 2022-2023. A quantitative approach was used, with a correlational and non-experimental scope. A sample of 176 participants was used. The instruments used were the Lima Happiness Scale and the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory, using the Big Five model. As main results, a statistically significant, negative and high correlation was found between happiness and Neuroticism; in addition to a positive and moderate correlation between happiness and extraversion.
Comprensión lectora: evaluación de los resultados del programa de intervención con modalidad virtual en estudiantes de básica media de las escuelas de zonas urbanas de la ciudad de Cuenca, periodo 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-07-10) Morocho Eras, Karen Gissela; Pereira Maldonado, Leydy Jazmín; Tacuri Reino, René David
The purpose of reading is comprehension, which is defined as the ability to extract information from a text and associate it with prior knowledge to give meaning to what is read. In fact, the development of reading skills occurs throughout life, with the first years of school being the most important stage in which children must receive adequate support to learn to read. The general objective of this research was to evaluate the results of the intervention program with virtual modality for improving reading comprehension in elementary school students from schools in urban areas of the city of Cuenca, in the period 2022. The study had a quantitative approach, observational design, descriptive scope and cross section. Additionally, a database was available with 30 cases obtained from the project "Development of reading skills and emotional intelligence through a hybrid modality in schoolchildren from the Cuenca city". The results showed an improvement in the punctuation task (p≤.05), while the other tests did not show significant statistical differences (p ≥ .05). That is, it could not be demonstrated that after the application of the intervention program, reading comprehension skills were strengthened. It is suggested that in the future the control of variables such as the modality, the levels of commitment of the participants and the control group be considered with which the effectiveness of the program can be contrasted.
Estrategias de afrontamiento en mujeres víctimas de violencia intrafamiliar del Programa Municipal Casa de la Mujer en el periodo 2022-2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-07-14) Cabrera Solórzano, Rosa Ana; Campos Arias, Fernando Oswaldo; Conforme Zambrano, Elsa Gardenia
Coping strategies are those psychological resources that the individual puts in place to cope with stressful situations. Women who are or have been victims of domestic violence sometimes lack coping strategies, which has physical, psychological and/or social repercussions. In view of this problem, the objective of this research was to describe the predominant factor of coping strategies according to the sociodemographic variables age, marital status and level of education used by women victims of domestic violence in the Municipal Project Casa de la Mujer in the period 2022- 2023. The research had a quantitative, non-experimental approach with a descriptive and crosssectional scope. The population consisted of 34 women from the Casa de la Mujer Municipal Program to whom the Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI) and a sociodemographic form were applied. The results showed that the predominant factor of coping strategies in women victims of domestic violence is desiderative thinking with a mean of 17.17. Regarding the sociodemographic characteristics, it was found that those with single marital status without a partner and those separated; aged 30 to 35 years and with incomplete high school have desiderative thinking and those with a postgraduate degree have problem avoidance. It can be concluded that women victims of domestic violence employ problem-focused strategies, which are considered to be maladaptive strategies.

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