Percepciones de masculinidad y feminidad en estudiantes de bachillerato de los colegios Antonio Avila Maldonado y Manuel J Calle de la ciudad de Cuenca

Abstract

The present research had as objective to know the perceptions of masculinity and femininity in the high school students of the schools Antonio Avila Maldonado and Manuel J Calle of the city of Cuenca. It was a non-experimental, exploratory quantitative study involving 600 male and female students between the ages of 15 and 19 years. The instruments used were the scales; "The internalization of gender stereotypes in young people and adolescents" by Patricia Ibarra (2000) and Pilar Colás and Patricia Villaciervos (2007) and "Traits of masculinity and femininity in the population inhabiting the desert of northwest Mexico" . These scales exhibit a corresponding structuring, the first being a composition of 22 questions that allude to the categories body, social behavior, competences and capacities, emotions, affective expression and social responsibility. The following, on the other hand, consists of 106 features that refer to the latent instrumentality, expressiveness and androgyny in personality. The information obtained was processed using the software Microsoft Excel and SPSS Statics 22.

The results refer to a remarking of stereotypes especially in the men of 17 and 18 years in the categories affective expression, emotions, competences and abilities, social behavior, positive-negative expressiveness and negative instrumentality. The relationship between negative instrumental traits with body stereotypes, social behavior, competencies and abilities and social responsibility can also be verified. This leads to the conclusion of the ambivalence of gender stereotypes in the context of Cuenca and with it, the predominance of gender violence and sexism in the youth population.