Facultad de Psicología Tesis Maestrías

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/235

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Burnout y bienestar psicológico en docentes de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Cuenca, 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-02-27) Molina Marín, Erika Cristina; Reyes Trelles, Xavier Fabricio
The current concept of burnout refers to the psychological syndrome that arises from prolonged exposure to work-related stressors. This syndrome manifests itself mainly in workers whose occupations involve dealing with others such as teachers and doctors. On the other hand, psychological well-being incorporates job satisfaction, professional commitment, and general life satisfaction. Therefore, examining the balance between the personal and work life of teachers has become a crucial avenue of research due to the implications for educational outcomes. This study, with a quantitative approach, non-experimental cross-sectional design and correlational scope, aims to determine the correlation between burnout syndrome (BS) and psychological well-being (PWB) in teachers of the Faculty of Psychology of the University of Cuenca. In total 33 teachers responded to the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the adapted PERMA profile. Correlations between SB dimensions and sociodemographic variables were examined. Descriptive analyzes were performed and statistical tests were chosen based on the distribution characteristics of the data. In conclusion, this population does not manifest Burnout syndrome. However, the findings revealed statistically significant correlations between BP and the SB dimensions of personal accomplishment and emotional exhaustion. Likewise, four sociodemographic variables: daily medication intake, weekly hours of classes, months of work, and number of subjects, influence the SB. Finally, it is intended that this study contributes to the development of preventive interventions to ensure better mental health and work performance among university teachers.
Niveles de depresión y ansiedad en el personal de enfermería del Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca, durante el periodo 2024-2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Psicología, 2025-10-23) Lazo Seminario, Eulalia del Rocío; Rivera Tapia, Cristhian Javier
This research aimed to examine levels of depression and anxiety among the nursing staff at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in Cuenca during the period 2024-2025. This investigation was guided by international evidence that highlights the vulnerability of this demographic to work-related factors, such as stress and extended work hours. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between both disorders and their association with sociodemographic variables (age, marital status, work area, etc.), using a quantitative, cross- sectional, and correlational approach. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI-II) were administered to 90 participants selected by convenience, whose data were processed with SPSS v25 using nonparametric tests (Spearman's rho). The results indicated that while 75.6% and 54.4% exhibited minimal levels of depression and anxiety, respectively, 24.4% and 45.6% demonstrated mild to severe symptoms, with a robust positive correlation between both disorders (rho = 0.643, *p* < 0.001). The findings indicated an absence of a substantial correlation with sociodemographic variables (*p* > 0.05), suggesting that contextual factors exert a greater influence than individual characteristics. The conclusion of this study indicates that, despite the predominance of low levels, there is a critical subgroup that requires comprehensive interventions. This highlights the need for hospital policies focused on staff mental health to mitigate risks and improve the quality of care.
Insatisfacción corporal y autoestima en adultos emergentes y adultos tempranos que practican actividades físicas en la parroquia Jima, periodo 2024-2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Psicología, 2025-10-23) Pillacela Morocho, Nanci Marlene; Duque Espinoza, Paola Vanessa
Body dissatisfaction and self-esteem issues are significant challenges that can deeply affect emotional well-being, particularly during adulthood, a period marked by physical, psychological, and social changes that may impact mental stability. Engaging in physical activities such as sports or recreational pursuits is essential not only for maintaining health but also for fostering a more positive body image and greater self-acceptance. This study aimed to examine the relationship between body dissatisfaction and self-esteem among emerging and early adults who engage in physical activity in the parish of Jima. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational approach was used. Data were collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire and two standardized instruments: the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, administered to 132 men and women aged 18 to 40. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software. The results showed that most participants, both emerging and early adults, reported low levels of body dissatisfaction and high self-esteem, suggesting that engaging in any form of physical activity contributes positively to overall well-being. In conclusion, although no significant association was found between physical activity and higher levels of body image satisfaction or self-acceptance, regular participation in physical activities remains a key factor in promoting holistic well-being.
Insatisfacción corporal, ansiedad y depresión en profesionales de la salud que laboran en la Dirección Distrital de Salud 01D04 Chordeleg-Gualaceo en el período 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Psicología, 2025-10-22) Serrano Burgos, Vanesa Michelle; Carrasco Vintimilla, Juana Lucía
Body dissatisfaction, along with symptoms of anxiety and depression, impacts the psychological well-being of healthcare professionals, who are constantly exposed to physical, social, and occupational demands. The main objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between body dissatisfaction, anxiety, and depression in healthcare professionals. A quantitative, non-experimental, correlational design was employed. Data were collected using the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory, with a sample of 95 healthcare professionals from Dirección Distrital 01D04 de Gualaceo. The results showed that 5.3% of participants exhibited some level of body dissatisfaction (mild to moderate), 14.7% presented moderate anxiety, and 5.3% reported severe anxiety. Additionally, 26.2% experienced some level of depressive symptoms, ranging from mild to severe. The findings revealed significant positive correlations among body dissatisfaction, anxiety, and depression, indicating that higher levels of body dissatisfaction are associated with increased symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Rasgos de personalidad, calidad de sueño y rendimiento académico en estudiantes de la carrera de Psicología de la Universidad de Cuenca en el periodo 2024-2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Psicología, 2025-10-20) Arias Méndez, Bryam José; Elizalde Socola, Jefferson Geovanny
Personality traits are enduring characteristics that influence how an individual thinks, feels, and reacts, determined by a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors. Sleep quality refers to the level of rest achieved and its restorative capacity, and it is not limited to the number of hours slept. Academic performance represents a student’s achievement in relation to the learning objectives established in the curriculum. In this context, the present research aimed to determine the relationship between personality traits, sleep quality, and academic performance in Psychology students. The study employed a quantitative approach with a non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational design. A sample of 252 students was analyzed. The instruments used were the Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (PiCD), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results showed a positive relationship between the personality traits of negative affect, disinhibition, detachment, and dissociality with sleep quality. Regarding academic performance, the traits of disinhibition and detachment were negatively correlated, while the trait of anankastia showed a positive correlation. Finally, no correlation was found between sleep quality and academic performance. Therefore, it is concluded that personality traits influence both sleep quality and academic performance, whereas sleep quality does not relate to academic performance.
Satisfacción con la vida, autoestima y uso de redes sociales en estudiantes de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Cuenca, durante el periodo 2024-2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Psicología, 2025-10-16) Loján Carrión, Jackeline Guadalupe; Elizalde Socola, Jefferson Geovanny
Life satisfaction and self-esteem are closely related psychological constructs, as positive self- esteem significantly contributes to subjective well-being. However, the amount of time spent on social media may influence both variables by fostering social comparisons and creating pressure to conform to idealized standards. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to determine the relationship between life satisfaction, self-esteem, and time spent on social media among students of the Faculty of Psychology at the University of Cuenca during the 2024–2025 academic period. The study adopted a quantitative, correlational, and cross- sectional design. A sociodemographic questionnaire was used to record social media use, along with the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Data collection was carried out through online forms, and statistical analysis was conducted using JASP software. The results showed a strong positive correlation between life satisfaction and self-esteem, a weak negative correlation between life satisfaction and time spent on social media, and no significant relationship between self-esteem and social media use. These findings provide evidence of the importance of strengthening self-esteem to promote subjective well-being, while also encouraging reflection on the impact of digital engagement in university contexts.
Estilos de apego y satisfacción corporal en adolescentes de un colegio privado del cantón Gualaceo en el periodo 2024 – 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Psicología, 2025-10-07) Guachichullca Guamán, Michelle Priscila; Cabrera Vélez, María Marcela
The present study aimed to determine the relationship between attachment styles and body dissatisfaction in adolescents aged 14 to 18 years, from a private high school in Gualaceo, Ecuador. A quantitative, non-experimental, and cross-sectional design was used, with a sample of 152 students who completed the CaMir-R questionnaire for attachment styles and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) for body dissatisfaction. Results showed that 59.2% of the adolescents had an insecure attachment style, predominantly the worried style, which was associated with higher scores in childhood trauma and permissive parenting. In terms of body dissatisfaction, 22.4% of participants showed some level of concern about body shape, and higher dissatisfaction scores were observed in female students and those who perceived themselves in a lower socioeconomic stratum. A moderate negative correlation was found between body dissatisfaction and the dimension of security, while positive correlations were observed with childhood trauma and resentment towards parents. These findings highlight the relevance of early affective bonds and family dynamics in the formation of body image during adolescence. The study supports the implementation of psychoeducational and preventive interventions aimed at promoting secure attachment and positive body perception in educational contexts.
Insatisfacción con la imagen corporal y riesgo de actitudes alimentarias en estudiantes varones universitarios de la facultad de psicología, período 2024– 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Psicología, 2025-10-07) León León, Carla Noelia; Samaniego Chalco, María José
Body image dissatisfaction and eating attitudes are closely related, as negative body perception can lead to dysregulated eating attitudes as a weight control mechanism, thus increasing the risk of developing eating disorders. Although historically this phenomenon has been more studied in women, a significant and accelerated increase is currently observed in men, influenced by psychological and social factors. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and risk levels for eating attitudes in male university students from the Faculty of Psychology, during the 2024–2025 period. The population consisted of approximately 190 male university students over the age of 18. A quantitative, correlational, and cross-sectional approach was used. The instruments used were a sociodemographic form, the Eating Attitudes Scale (EAT-26) (Constáín et al., 2016), and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) (Palomino-Floriano and Reyes-Bossio, 2023), adapted to the Latin American context for men. The results showed that most participants experienced normative body discomfort and a low risk of eating attitudes, with a greater presence of the diet-bulimia factor and preoccupation with food. It is concluded that restrictive behaviors, episodes of excessive eating, and constant concern about food control directly influence the perception of body image, reinforcing patterns of dissatisfaction.
Niveles de ansiedad y estrategias de afrontamiento en estudiantes universitarios de la carrera de Artes Musicales de la Universidad de Cuenca,2023-2024
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Psicología, 2025-10-03) Vélez Altamirano, María Auxiliadora; Piedra Carrión, María José
Anxiety is a natural adaptive mechanism that helps individuals cope with life’s challenges. However, when it manifests intensely, disproportionately, and persistently, it may negatively interfere with daily activities. This anxiety is closely related to coping strategies, which are the cognitive and behavioral resources individuals use to manage stress and challenging situations.This study aimed to analyze the relationship between anxiety levels and coping strategies in 77 university students enrolled in the Musical Arts program at the University of Cuenca during the 2023-2024 academic year. A quantitative, correlational research approach was adopted, utilizing the Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Data were processed using the SPSS V28 statistical software. The results revealed a moderate correlation (p < .001) between anxiety and certain coping strategies, particularly self-criticism and social withdrawal, both in a direct relationship.
Burnout, ansiedad y satisfacción laboral en el personal de la Gobernación del Azuay, periodo 2024-2025
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-09-30) Trelles Ludeña, Katherine Nicole; Delgado Quezada, Tania Lorena
Stress is a natural human response to the demands of the environment; however, when prolonged in the workplace, it can trigger negative consequences such as burnout syndrome and anxiety, negatively impacting employee satisfaction, performance, and productivity. In the public sector, these issues are relevant due to the heavy workload and constant pressure associated with serving the public. The overall objective of this research was to determine the relationship between burnout, anxiety, and job satisfaction among staff at the Azuay Governor's Office during the 2024-2025 period. The study was conducted using a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational approach. The research was conducted with 87 public employees, with an average age of 41 years. Validated instruments were used: the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) to measure burnout, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) to assess anxiety, the Overall Job Satisfaction (OJS) to analyze job satisfaction, and a sociodemographic form to identify demographic variables. The results showed significant relationships between the dimensions of burnout, anxiety, and job satisfaction. Burnout and anxiety were negatively correlated with job satisfaction; specifically, cynicism was the main predictor of decreased job satisfaction, followed by emotional exhaustion and somatic anxiety. These findings highlight the need to implement institutional strategies aimed at promoting the psychosocial well-being of public employees.
Calidad de vida y estrategias de afrontamiento en personas migrantes del Programa de Fortalecimiento en Habilidades Técnicas y de Comercialización dirigido a personas migrantes y de la comunidad de acogida en la ciudad de Cuenca, en el periodo 2024- 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-09-29) Paucar Peralta, Claudia Daniela; Cabrera Vélez, María Marcela
Current migratory movements make the migrant population an important group in the development of societies. This phenomenon affects the development and well-being of migrants, so knowing the aspects of their quality of life and their coping strategies is of great importance to understand their health. Thus, this research aimed to analyze these two variables in migrants participating in the Technical and Marketing Skills Strengthening Program in the city of Cuenca, during the 2024-2025 period. To this end, a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional study with a descriptive and correlational scope was conducted. 80 migrants participated, and the data collection instruments were the WHOQOL-BREF and CSI. A sociodemographic form was also administered at the beginning of the evaluation. The most important results indicate that the predominant dimensions of quality of life were psychological health (M = 62.45) and social relationships (M = 61.35); and the most commonly used coping strategies were problem solving (M = 12.13) and wishful thinking (M = 11.16). Finally, a positive relationship was found between physical quality of life and emotional expression (P = .001), and between the dimensions of psychological health and social relationships and the use of problem-solving strategies (P = .001) and cognitive restructuring (P = .001). Therefore, it is concluded that there is a positive relationship between quality of life and coping strategies.
Relación entre el funcionamiento familiar y los niveles de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en usuarios de Centros Especializados en Tratamiento a Personas con Consumo Problemático de Alcohol y otras Drogas de la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, 2024-2025
(Unirsidad de Cuenca, 2025-07-28) Salinas García, Byron Ronaldo; Reyes Trelles, Xavier Fabricio
Family functioning is the capacity for cohesion and adaptability among family members. It influences the physical and psychological development of its members as a protective or risk factor. Depression is a mood disorder. Anxiety is a state of autonomic activation inherent in humans, affected by multiple factors, causing physiological symptoms. Stress is a psychophysiological response to stimuli perceived as threatening, resulting from external and internal demands. The main objective was to relate family functioning with levels of depression, anxiety, and stress in residential treatment users at the Nueva Vida and Cristo Redentor Specialized Treatment Centers for People with Problematic Alcohol and Drug Use, located in the province of Zamora Chinchipe, Ecuador. The study has a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional approach and correlational design. Data collection included a sociodemographic form, the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Assessment Scale (FACES IV), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The population consisted of 60 users. Results showed balanced levels of family functioning, although with rigidity and chaos; low or mild levels of depression, anxiety, and stress predominated. No statistically significant relationship was found between family functioning and levels of anxiety, depression, and stress. It was concluded that family and emotional perceptions may arise from the influence of additional individual and contextual factors.
Consumo de alcohol y síndrome de burnout en conductores de transporte mixto del cantón Paute, periodo 2024-2025
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-07-23) Cáceres Once, Hernán Enrique; Reyes Trelles, Xavier Fabricio
Alcohol consumption, even in minimal doses, can alter essential brain functions. Similarly, fatigue and cynicism associated with burnout syndrome, along with extended working hours, negatively affect the physical and psychological health of mixed-transport drivers, also compromising road safety. The objective of this study was correlate the relationship between levels of alcohol consumption, burnout syndrome, and working conditions among drivers in the Paute canton during the 2024–2025 period. A quantitative approach was used, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational design. The study included 105 drivers from four local cooperatives. The AUDIT questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, and a sociodemographic form were applied. Results showed that 92.4% of participants presented a low-risk or abstinent level of alcohol consumption and low levels of burnout. Additionally, 83.8% lacked social security coverage, 88.6% worked between 6 and 7 days per week, and 61.9% worked more than 8 hours per day. Low-intensity correlations were found among variables such as alcohol consumption, exhaustion, cynicism, workdays and hours, job satisfaction, daily income, and goal achievement. These findings highlight relevant links between psychosocial factors and working conditions in this population.
Agresividad manifiesta en pacientes forenses internados en el Instituto de Neurociencias de Guayaquil durante el período 2022-2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-07-10) Álvarez Yuquilema, María José; Román Orellana, Carlos Enrique
Aggression is a significant global problem due to its close relationship with violence. Every year, more than 1.3 million people lose their lives as a result of aggressive behavior, without counting the many people who suffer the effects of aggression without dying. This phenomenon is an adaptive response of the human being, to satisfy vital needs or to eliminate threats against psychological or physical integrity. Aggressiveness is particularly frequent in individuals with mental disorders, being more prevalent in antisocial personality disorders, intellectual disability and psychotic disorders, especially schizophrenia. The objective of this research is to describe overt aggressiveness in forensic patients hospitalized at the Instituto de Neurociencias de la Junta de Beneficencia de Guayaquil during the period 2022-2024. Manifest aggressiveness was evaluated through the Yudofsky Manifest Aggressiveness Scale. The data obtained were analyzed and presented from a quantitative approach of descriptive scope, with a non-experimental and retrospective cross-sectional design. The population consisted of 33 patients from this facility. The most relevant findings of this research were that male patients, single, between 31 and 35 years of age presented a higher prevalence of overt aggression, indicating a relationship between these sociodemographic factors and the prevalence of overt aggression.
Percepciones y conocimientos de abogados/as y psicólogos/as peritos acreditados por el Consejo de la Judicatura sobre el perfil psico jurídico del feminicida, Zona 6 -Ecuador en el año 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-06-19) González Rivera, Amanda Gabriela; Gil Gesto, María Isabel
This qualitative study, with a phenomenological approach, aimed to explore the perspectives of court-accredited lawyers and psychologists in Ecuador’s Zone 6 regarding the psycho-legal profile of the femicide perpetrator in 2024. Specifically, it sought to: (1) investigate the experiences of forensic lawyers in femicide cases and their influence on the perception of the aggressor, and (2) explore the methodologies and tools used by forensic psychologists to assess such profiles. Through semi-structured interviews, the research identified common characteristics among perpetrators, such as emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, and prior histories of violence in intimate relationships. Additionally, sociocultural factors—such as the normalization of gender violence and patriarchal beliefs—were shown to influence the development of violent behaviors. The findings highlight the importance of interdisciplinary articulation between legal and psychological fields to strengthen forensic evaluations and achieve a comprehensive understanding of femicide. Moreover, structural shortcomings were identified, including institutional revictimization and limited gender-sensitive training among justice system operators. These results emphasize the relevance of incorporating a gender perspective in forensic assessments and promoting institutional reforms that contribute to the prevention of gender-based lethal violence.
Justicia restaurativa: su aplicación en los expedientes de intervención y la percepción de los profesionales, en casos de violencia de género contra la mujer, en el Instituto de Criminología e Intervención Psicosocial Familiar de la Universidad de Cuenca, año 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-29) Neira Parra, Juan José; Loaiza González, Jhenefer Gabriela
Restorative Justice constitutes an alternative approach to traditional punitive justice, promoting the participation of victims, offenders, and society collectively to address, in this case, gender-based violence against women. However, its application remains nascent in such contexts, largely due to existing legal frameworks and enforcement practices. This research aimed to describe the implementation of restorative justice elements in case files of female victims of gender-based violence and to analyze professionals’ perceptions of this alternative approach within criminal proceedings at the Institute of Criminology, University of Cuenca, during 2024. The study employed a qualitative, non-experimental design with an exploratory scope, adopting a phenomenological perspective. Data collection included documentary reviews of intervention records via a structured form, as well as semi-structured interviews with the technical team to gauge their perceptions of restorative justice in violence cases. Thematic analysis was applied to process the gathered information. Findings revealed that restorative elements are present in the interventions conducted by the institute, though these are not explicitly framed within a restorative justice paradigm. Instead, they emerge indirectly through practices oriented toward the integral reparation of harm, influenced by the application of legal norms and resolutions specific to gender violence. Additionally, the technical team’s perceptions reflected superficial familiarity with restorative justice principles, despite their interventions aligning with certain restorative elements. This underscores a gap between practical implementation and theoretical understanding, highlighting the need for targeted training and clearer integration of restorative frameworks into legal and procedural guidelines.
Cognición social, dificultades en la regulación emocional y atención plena en estudiantes universitarios de la facultad de psicología de la Universidad de Cuenca, 2023
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-28) Racines Jerves, Daniel Andres; Peña Contreras, Eva Karina
Social cognition, emotional regulation, and mindfulness behaviors represent an important factor for effectiveness in mental health providers, which is why it's important to understand the current state of the students attending to the ninth semester of psychology at the University of Cuenca. The goal of this study was to determine the correlation between social cognition, mindfulness behaviors, and emotional regulation difficulties, and to identify their levels in this population enrolled in the 2023-2024 period. A methodology with a quantitative approach, non-experimental design, correlational scope, and cross-sectional cut was employed, with n=82 participants and a universe of participants N=89 through usage of the instruments MASC, DERS, and FFMQ scales. The majority demonstrate good performance in social cognition and normal levels in mindfulness behaviors, but cases with statistically significant difficulties in emotional regulation are identified. Correlations were found between emotional regulation difficulties and aspects such as non-acceptance and lack of goals. Negative correlations were also found between emotional regulation difficulties and mindfulness behaviors, as well as between emotional awareness and mindfulness behaviors. Hypermentalization was related to lack of emotional clarity. No significant correlations were found between social cognition and emotional regulation difficulties. The importance of addressing these aspects in an integrated manner to promote emotional well-being and mental health of students for personal development programs and a better understanding of emotional regulation, social cognitive processes, and mindfulness is highlighted.
Credibilidad de testimonio en víctimas de abuso sexual infantil para psicólogos peritos en Cuenca-Azuay en el año 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-27) Méndez Rodas, Andrea Fernanda; Muñoz Arteaga, Pedro Andrés
In recent years, the advances of scientific and technical knowledge have increased in the legal field for decision-making in criminal proceedings, especially in cases of child sexual abuse. Due to its development, the aim is to prove the objective or material truth of the facts that are judged, demonstrating them with evidence so that the judge has complete clarity of what happened, who was involved, the role that each party played, and where and when the event occurred in order to attain the procedural truth with infallible results. This is necessary to identify problems in the administration of justice related to the conduct of psychological assessments and evaluations, which are often carried out inappropriately due to either a lack of a protocol or reliance on an outdated one as a guide. The objective of this work was to investigate and understand the experiences on the credibility of testimony in victims of child sexual abuse perceived by expert psychologists in Cuenca, Azuay in 2024. A qualitative study was conducted. The population consisted of 10 expert psychologists (public and private) accredited by the Judiciary Council of Ecuador. The semi-structured interview technique was applied to collect the information, which was subsequently processed. The results were obtained through coding, categorization, and validation. Furthermore, they provided insight into the experiences, needs, recommendations, and limitations regarding the credibility of testimony in children and adolescent victims of sexual abuse and its approach.
Relación entre los rasgos de personalidad, consumo de sustancias y conductas delictivas en pacientes internos en una comunidad terapéutica, en la ciudad de Cuenca, 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-22) Alvear Avendaño, Karina Alexandra; Muñoz Arteaga, Pedro Andrés
Personality traits are attributes that guide actions, thoughts, and emotions, impacting different areas of life. The use of psychoactive substances affects mental processes such as perception, consciousness, cognition, and emotions. As a result, mental disorders can emerge that are characterized by compulsive substance seeking and consumption, as well of dysfunctional behaviors. Research has shown that there is a linked between substance use and criminal behavior; pointing out predisposing factors such as: individual, socioeconomic, and psychosocial. The objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between personality traits, substance use, and criminal behavior. This was obtained by studying a sample of 44 patients from a Therapeutic Community within the period 2021-2023. The research had a quantitative and correlational approach. The results of the MCMI-III revealed a high prevalence of antisocial and depressive traits, in addition of high alcohol and cocaine consumption. Domestic violence was the most common criminal behavior. Furthermore, significant correlations were found, such as a positive relationship between narcissism and cocaine base consumption. The study underlines the importance of considering personality during addiction treatment. Likewise, the need to develop intervention strategies adapted to the individual characteristics of each patient.
Experiencias de operadores de justicia en casos de desapariciones de niños, niñas, adolescentes y mujeres en el Cantón Cuenca. 2020 – 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-14) Calle Ávila, Jessica Karina; Mendoza Eskola, Juanita Catalina
The disappearance of persons is an insidious form of violence that must be investigated under adequate processes to safeguard the integrity of the victims and prevent irreparable damage. In this context, the role of justice operators is crucial for both the search and the investigation of each case. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the experiences of justice operators in dealing with cases of missing children, adolescents and women in the city of Cuenca. To achieve this objective, a qualitative research was conducted with a phenomenological approach, cross-sectional and exploratory in scope, based on semi- structured interviews with ten justice operators. Subsequently, a thematic analysis was carried out, from which the results were organized into four categories: strategies and protocols used by justice operators in the management of cases of disappearance; legal and procedural barriers that hinder rapid and effective action; coordination and communication mechanisms between involved entities; and strengths and weaknesses of the procedures implemented in the investigation of these cases. The experiences of justice operators reflect a combination of structural challenges and institutional limitations marked by the lack of resources, the complexity of investigations and the difficulties of coordination between institutions. Despite their commitment, they face obstacles that hinder their work. This demonstrates the need to strengthen inter-institutional support and training mechanisms to improve the response to the disappearance of persons and guarantee effective action.

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