Bioquímica y Farmacia-Pregrado

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Actualización y generación de documentación parcial de la Norma Técnica ISO 15189:2014 como Sistema de Gestión de Calidad aplicable al Laboratorio Clínico de la Universidad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-10-25) Ordoñez Mendieta, Gabriela Elizabeth; Jiménez Herráez, Gabriela Noemi
In recent years, Quality Systems have shown that they generate added value to companies, whether production or services. In addition to this, today the demands of control agencies and competition have pushed companies to demonstrate their competence and the degree of confidence they offer in their services. Thus, the present work proposes a Quality System in the Clinical Laboratory of the University of Cuenca, through the documentary implementation, review and updating of the following points: control of documents and records, laboratory procedures, maintenance and calibration. of equipment, infrastructure maintenance, purchases and inventory control that are requirements established by ISO 15189:2014, a specific standard for clinical laboratories. The work began with the situational diagnosis to determine the level of adherence and compliance with the ISO 15189:2014 Standard, then the macro-processes were identified to finally raise and update the corresponding documentation. A total of 23 documents were raised and updated, of which 0% were initially met for management requirements and 30% for technical requirements, the latter being used daily in the clinical laboratory. Finally, 100% compliance with the aforementioned documentation was given, which allows the Clinical Laboratory of the University of Cuenca; carry out their activities in more controlled work environments, detect errors in a timely manner, eradicate them; Gabriela Elizabeth Ordóñez Mendieta Página 4 and also lead to a future accreditation to demonstrate that the services offered are of quality.
Aislamiento y selección de hongos potencialmente micorrízicos en seis especies de orquídeas nativas del cerro Abuga en la provincia del Cañar
(2016) Guamán García, María Vicenta; Ochoa Landy, Laura Gabriela; Ansaloni, Raffaella
The fungi that form symbiotic associations with the roots are called mycorrhizae, play a very important role during their life cycle, both in their nutrition and germination of the seeds. In the present study it was analyzed microscopically and illustrated the characteristics of basidiomas of potentially mycorrhizal fungi of orchids. In order to carry out this work, different root fragments of 6 species of orchids native to Ecuador were collected in the Abuga Hill located in the Bayas,Azogues city parish in the Province of Cañar. From each species 60 root fragments were seeded in FIM medium, giving a total of 360 seeded fragments. 124 viable colonies were isolated in PDA medium, of which 14 colonies presented characteristics similar to the genus Rhizoctonia, the rest of the colonies presented characteristics belonging to pathogenic fungi and saprophytes. The colonies of interest were isolated from Trichocerosantennifer, Elleanthusamethystinoides, Stelissp, Epidendrumchioneum, Pleurothallislinguifera and Epidendrum sp.
Análisis de calidad del agua del cantón Girón
(2006) Avila Guzmán, José Patricio; Carpio Arévalo, Juan Marcelo; Sánchez Sánchez, Eduardo
Calibración y validación del equipo milkoscan FT1 para la determinación de parámetros fisicoquímicos en leche cruda en la Industria de Lácteos San Antonio C.A.
(2015) Pauta Zaruma, Ana Sofía; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
This thesis arises from the need to use the equipment MilkoScan FT1 for analysis of raw milk, as a measure of quality control. It is a manufactured equipment technology based on FTIR analyzer from FOSS MilkoScan FT120. The study was conducted in San Antonio Dairy Company located in the Industrial Park of the City of Cuenca. The project objective was to calibrate and validate the equipment MilkoScan FT1 in analyzes of fat, total solids, nonfat solids and specific gravity at 20 ° C in raw milk. For calibration were used 80 raw milk samples. For the regression was used the partial least squares model, obtaining a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.999 and a standard error of prediction (EEP) to fat 0.009; a r of 0.996 and 0.147 of EEP to total solids; a r of 0.990 and 0.061 of EEP to non-fat solids; r of 0.993 and 0.633 EEP to relative density at 20 ° C. In the validation were analyzed 80 raw milk samples. The validation showed that the analytical method used was linear, precise, accurate, sensitive, robust in the concentration range studied. Both the validation process and the development of analytical procedures were performed in order to meet the technical requirements specified in ISO / IEC 17025 accreditation for Food Science Laboratory.
Caracterización microbiológica de las aguas de los ríos de la ciudad de Cuenca
(2018-11-11) Rivera Pesántez, Carlos Andrés; Ochoa Delgado, Liliana Emperatriz; Pauta Calle, Gladys Guillermina; León Vizñay, Jéssica Andrea
This study was conducted in the four rivers of the City of Cuenca, with the aim of identifying and quantifying microorganisms indicators of fecal and environmental contamination such as: Cryptosporidium spp, Giardia spp, Entrerococcus feacalis and molds and yeasts. For the determination of Cryptosporidium spp and Giardia spp an inorganic flocculation technique was used and subsequent staining with immunofluorescent dyes. The total Streptococcus and Enterococcus feacalis count was performed by the membrane filtration method. Regarding the molds and yeasts, the fluid plate technique was carried out. The presence of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp. Enterococcus faecalis and Molds and Yeasts was evidenced, in the high zones low counts were evidenced, in the middle and lower zone, the concentration increases gradually, finding the highest concentrations in the last sampling stations . It was concluded that the Tomebamba river presented a higher count of all the microorganisms in the lower zone, and the one that showed the least contamination of this type is the Yanuncay river.
Control de calidad de las salsas de tomate de mayor consumo en nuestro medio
(2001-11-11) Montesdeoca, Maribel; Reinoso, Sandra; Elizalde Raad, Yolanda
Control de la litemia en el tratamiento de pacientes maníaco-depresivos
(1983-11-11) Rosas Castro, Ruth Eugenia; Astudillo Neira, Diana; Flores García, Gil
Control microbiológico de ensalada de frutas que se expende en espacios públicos de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador
(2019-02-26) Déleg Sari, Daniel Guillermo; López Pesantez, Christian Andrés; Donoso Moscoso, Silvana Patricia
Due to the necessity on the part of the municipal authorities of the city in Cuenca, to know the hygienic-sanitary state in which the products sold in the streets of the city are found, and their risk to the health of the consumer. The present research had as objective to perform a microbiological control of the fruit salads that are being sold on the streets of the city. The study sample was determined based on the cadastre of the Municipal GAD of street vendors, other vendors from different areas of the city were included to make the sample more homogeneous, avoiding the historic center. The microbiological analysis was performed using 3MTM PetrifilmTM plates for mesophilic aerobic counts and Escherichia coli, for the detection of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes Reveal 2.0 techniques were used. The results were compared with the Peruvian Technical Standard RM Nº615-2013, section 14.2 that establishes sanitary quality microbiological criteria for semi-processed fruits and vegetables, because in Ecuador there is no specific regulation for these products. The statistical analysis was performed in Microsoft Excel 2010, applying descriptive statistics. The results obtained indicate that 72.5% of analyzed samples do not comply with the normative parameters, due to the high mesophilic aerobic counts, however a low E. coli count was obtained, absence of Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. Finally, a training was carried out with the Department of Urban Control of the Municipal GAD to manipulators of fruit salad, on Good Practices of Food Handling.
Cuantificación plasmática de los niveles de carbamazepina, fenitoína y ácido valproico en pacientes epilépticos del centro de epilepsia del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso
(2012) Bustos León, Anabel V.; Siguenza Arizábala, Bianca J.; Sari Durán, Adriana E.; Zaruma Torres, Fausto Leonardo
Dematofitosis: incidencia en nuestro medio
(1994-11-11) Cardoso Cisneros, Rosa Claudine; Salto Encalada, Margoth Cecilia del; Calvo Jerves, Susana
Determinación de bacterias ácido lácticas en jamones e identificación de la fuente de contaminación dentro de la cadena de producción
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-01-12) Díaz Gutiérrez, Evelyn Dayana; Loayza Galarza, Geanella Nicole; León Vizñay, Jéssica Andrea
The study was applied to vacuum packed hams made by a Cuenca’s city sausage factory during the period of April 2022 to July 2022. It explains the influence of lactic acid bacteria (BAL) in meat products, which shows organoleptic alteration such as swelling of packaging and syneresis before the expiration date. The purpose of this investigation was to determine BAL and identify the possible contamination sources to provide internal corrections actions that allow control of the proliferation and subsequent damage of hams. For the experimental part, the specific 3M® Petrifilm® plates were used for the determination of BAL and an accelerated stability study of final products ready for distribution to points of sale and consumption. In addition, analytical monitoring of each production batch was carried out, from the reception of raw materials to the packaging of the products; and inert surfaces, both equipment and utensils used to obtain hams. In addition, to corroborate the analyses, the living surfaces, corresponding to the hands of the operators, were studied. The results of the analyzes respond to the previously stated objectives and lead to the area responsible for the instability of the company's hams due to a cross-contamination problem. The values of the bacterial loads of each process and product studied show how the BAL activity varies in the production chain and coincided with the working conditions and sanitation of the equipment involved in food technology, evidenced in the weeks of study. After the completion of the study, answers were not the only outcome, but also new internal control challenges were initiated in the cross-contamination responsible area for the sausage factory, with the goal of improving its business level and reducing the instability of its hams operations, such as losses derived from returns.
Determinación de la microalbuminuria en pacientes diabéticos
(1989) Déleg A., Adriana; Serpa Rodas, Marcia; Samaniego León, Luz María
Determinación del efecto neuroactivador de las hojas del rosmarinus officinalis
(2008) Cordero, Gabriela; Zavala, Tania; Astudillo Machuca, Adelina
Determinación del hierro sérico en pacientes con anemia ferropénica en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso
(1990) Rodas Ochoa, Klever; Elizalde Raad, Yolanda
Determinación enzimática, de lípidos y colesterol en pacientes con posible riesgo cardiovascular
(1987) Crespo, Oscar; Illescas, Nancy; Pesántez, Nancy; Galarza Machuca, Eugenio
Especies del género Piper como fuente promisoria de metabolitos bioactivos en el período 2015-2021: revisión bibliográfica
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-01-11) Pizarro Fereño, Genesis Paulina; Cazar Ramírez, María Elena
Piper genus is the most diverse and representative genus in the Piperaceae family, it includes diverse species which are distributed worldwide, mainly in Latin America. A large number of these plants have been used in traditional medicine, generating the interest of many scientific researchers for their biological properties. This bibliographic review collects data from studies dated from 2015 to 2021, which prove the different biological and therapeutic activities that this genus has, through the study of the diversity of secondary metabolites produced by these Latin American species. This scientific compilation evidence that the chemical composition of its essential oils and extracts is varied and abundant, with a predominance of secondary metabolites, like: monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and phenylpropanoids, which have important biological properties, such as: antimicrobial, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytotoxic against cancer lines, so they could be considered as alternatives for the development of new pharmacological molecules with less toxic and low cost for the treatment of various diseases, like: leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis, malaria, bacterial and fungal infections, inflammatory diseases and related diseases with oxidative stress
Estandarización de un bioensayo de actividad antiparasitaria utilizando como organismo modelo a Fasciola hepática
(2016) Torres García, Ruth Cecilia; Vivar Segarra, Erika Tatiana; Cazar Ramírez, María Elena
This paper aims to standardize a bioassay to assess potential antiparasitic naturally occurring substrates, compared its biocide effect with the action of a drug of reference. The experimental work aimed used Fasciola hepatica as a model organism. Adult forms of the parasite were gathered from infected livers from bovine animals slaughtered in the Town hall Slaughterhouse, EMURPLAG. Trematodes were isolated by means of post-morten observation of fasciolasis, and identification of pathological lesions caused by the parasite. Adult flukes were collected from longitudinal slits performer in infested livers. Before performing the bioassay, we monitored the viability of trematodes for 24 hours. The antiparasitic activity of plants extracts was tested in a seriate dilution assay. Three solutions of plants extracts at different concentrations were seeded to the mantainance media to test the parasites survival under these conditions. After a 24-hour period, we evaluated the trematodes survival, and the effectivity of the extracts was expressed as effectiveness percentage, related to the number of dead flukes. The results of this experimental work produced a methodology to asess antiparasitic activity "in vitro" at standard working conditions of a research laboratory. This technique will evaluate the potential of naturally occurring substances as anthelmintics and identify promising plant substrates as antiparasitic, forming the basis for further studies focused on developing new antiparasitic bioproducts.
Estudio comparativo de niveles de insulina y glucosa en personas con sobrepeso y personas con peso normal en la ciudad de Cuenca
(2006-11-11) Bravo Medina, Lorena; Delgado Torres, Patricia; Chérrez Verdugo, Nancy Graciela
Estudio de utilización de antibacterianos en las áreas de clínica y cirugía del hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso durante el período 2014 - 2018
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-01-08) Arichávala Peña, Marcia Viviana; Campoverde Valdez, Guadalupe Rocío; Ochoa Castro, Maritza Raphaela
The present study aims to determine the antibacterial of greater consumption in the Clinical and Surgery Areas of the "Vicente Corral Moscoso" Hospital during the 2014-2018 period. It was developed through a descriptive, longitudinal observational analysis with retrospective information collection, the methodology proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) was used, based on the Anatomo-Chemical-Therapeutic Classification (ACT) in doses defined daily (DDD), as a technical unit of measurement and in the number DDD/100stances – day as a comparison parameter. For the statistical analysis, the Microsoft Office® Excel 2016 program (v16.0) was used. In the Clinic service the most consumed antibacterials during 2014 was ceftriaxone with 12.83DDD/stays-days, 2015 ampicillin + sulbactam with 5.78DDD/100stays-days, 2016 ceftriaxone with 5.80DDD/100stays-days, 2017 ampicillin + sulbactam with 5.63DDD/100stays-days and 2018 clarithromycin with 6.20DDD/stays-days. In the same way, in the department of Surgery it was cefazolin during the entire study period and considering an average use of 10.95100DDD/stay-days. The main use of cephalosporins was as a treatment for a variety of infectious diseases of the respiratory system, urinary tract, skin, soft tissues, joints, heart, etc., but especially in prevention and as prophylactic. This study of antibiotic consumption is very important in the pharmacoepidemiological area, in order to be used by other institutions and provides comparable data with similar entities nationally and internationally.
Evaluación de los cambios fisicoquímicos por deterioro del lactosuero crudo, dulce y ácido de quesería
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, 2026-02-20) Muñoz Ortega, Emily Alexandra; Sumba Contreras, Layla Elizabeth; Ortiz Ulloa, Silvia Johana
Whey, or cheese whey, is an agro-industrial byproduct generated in large volumes during cheese production, with an estimated yield of nine liters of whey per kilogram of cheese. Despite its high nutritional value, it represents a significant environmental problem due to its high organic load. When discharged untreated into water bodies, it reduces dissolved oxygen levels and negatively affects plants, fish, and soil. In Ecuador, economic and regulatory limitations make it difficult for small producers to implement proper treatment and utilization processes, encouraging informal disposal. Furthermore, the lack of local data on its stability limits its potential applications. In this thesis project, the physicochemical parameters of sweet whey (SW) and acid whey (AW) were evaluated over 15 days under different storage conditions. Both types of whey were produced under laboratory-controlled conditions and stored in three ways: non-sterilized at room temperature (20 °C), non-sterilized and refrigerated (4 °C), and sterilized and refrigerated. The parameters analyzed included pH, titratable acidity, density, total solids, proteins, free amino acids, phosphorus, lactose, fat, ash, and moisture, measured on days 0, 2, 4, 10, 12, and 15. Results showed that room temperature accelerated deterioration, especially in SW, where pH decreased from 6.53 to 3.63 and titratable acidity increased from 9.85 to 87.0 °D. Refrigeration, and particularly sterilization combined with refrigeration, improved stability. In AW, variations were more moderate. These findings provide a technical basis for appropriate preservation and revalorization strategies.

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