Filosofía Sociología y Economía-Pregrado

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Abuso sexual y poder. Un análisis de las contribuciones de Microfísica del Poder de Michel Foucault a través de la Historia de la Sexualidad
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-07-15) Uzhca Guapacasa, Marcela Valeria; Palacios Cordero, Mireya del Pilar
This study is about the roll that sexual abuse has been developing and its relation with power through history. Research shows that the problem of sexual abuse has been derived from the relations of power that Foucault proposes. It will always exist the one who exercises power and domination over other subjects that are in some inferior positions. Whether it is through power, domination, superiority or authority on any aspect of life, but these interpersonal relations are micro-social in manner. It is found in any daily instance where there is a relationship with another person. Here, it can be said that it exists a unidirectional relationship of power. Whether it is family links, academic or diverse social groups. On the other hand, the pleasure that produces to exercise an abuse of power on the body of a person is what makes a person to commit sexual abuse. For all of this, on this analysis it is shown how it has been putting into place sexual abuse, starting from the micro-social relationships of power and from here it is derived the genealogy of sexual abuse
Acercamiento al pensamiento filosófico en José Peralta
(1994) Patiño P., José; Flores S., Narcisa; Torres N., Patricia
Actuación del movimiento indígena ecuatoriano en octubre 2019: una interpretación desde la colonialidad del poder de Aníbal Quijano
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-05-22) Viñanzaca Llapa, Paola Alexandra; Escudero Durán, María Lorena
This research analyzes the intervention of the Ecuadorian indigenous movement, especially the Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (CONAIE), during the October 2019 protests, through the lens of the coloniality of power proposed by Aníbal Quijano. It seeks to interpret both the actions and demands of CONAIE, closely linking them to the concept of the coloniality of power. The methodology employs a hermeneutic-interpretative approach and a documentary literature review that includes a variety of sources, from academic texts to political speeches, to achieve a critical understanding of the demonstrations and their significance in the context of the coloniality of power. The results of this research show the importance of the October rebellion as a manifestation of collective demands and emphasize the urgency of recognizing and confronting expressions of the coloniality of power in Ecuadorian society. What happened in October 2019 made visible that racism is a systemic and collective problem, so it is necessary to reflect upon, make visible, and combat these manifestations of coloniality in the present day.
Actualidad y trascendencia del pensamiento de Paulo Freire
(2003) Auz Imbaquingo, Wilman Roberto; Romero Palacios, María Victoria; Washima Chávez, Eudofilio José; Torres León, Leonardo
Adoctrinamiento y educación moral
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-08-10) Chungandro Carrillo, Emilio Elohim; Vázconez Carrasco, Marcelo
Education and indoctrination were synonymous until the beginning of the 20th century in the Anglo-Saxon world and in our region only at the beginning of this century. The criteria to separate both words were arduously debated, being those of content, method, intentions (purposes), consequences and institution. I have strived to show how problematic and inconsistent these criteria are. I defend the similarity between these two words questioning the assumptions that need to be rethought and I establish the need for all teachers to recognize the element of imposition in education-indoctrination as something not necessarily bad. The approach to moral education facilitates the understanding of this defense by asking ourselves about the limits of human imagination and the horizon that each society establishes to consider what is desirable or not to transmit to the new generations. In short, education and indoctrination continue to be two labels to indicate the same process: teaching-learning.
El amor en Ovidio
(1961-11-11) Ortiz Arellano, Gustavo
Análisis aproximativo del levantamiento indígena de octubre de 1992
(1994) Naranjo P., José Miguel; Cantos B., Estuardo Alejandro; Molina G., Edgar
Análisis comparativo de la concepción del estado ideal de Platón y el estado en crisis de Bauman
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-10-15) Pérez Guzmán, Jean Carlos; Pesántez Calle, Blanca Nelcila
This research is aimed at developing and analyzing the structure and function of the State with respect to society. It is intended to observe the difference of the State and its functions in the classical era versus the contemporary era, taking as representative figures of those times Plato and Bauman respectively. Plato's prescriptive theory, characteristic of the classical era, is the ideal model of the State that is based on the pillars of social organization, justice and education. The author shows how a good education produces good rulers and how justice is in charge of organizing society. Bauman's contemporary theory is a critique of the role of the modern state, which is in crisis due to the absence of power and politics. The modern state is in crisis due to the effects of globalization and capitalism. The research shows the difference between the ideal state and the modern state, the role of justice and education in the theories analyzed
Análisis comparativo de la concepción filosófica de justicia entre Lorenzo Peña y Robert Nozick
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-09-16) Castañeda Zúñiga, Evelyn Gabriela; Garvin Pérez, Anja; Vásconez Carrasco, Fernando Marcelo
In this article, we develop a comparative analysis of the philosophical conception of justice between Lorenzo Peña and Robert Nozick, highlightning the importance of the concept of justice for the philosophy, understanding that it is handle in a complex and multifaceted form and required a critical and deep reflection. Therefore, we present the arguments used by our authors regarding the role of justice in society and the State. For this reason, we refer to the primary and secondary sources of our authors, highlighting that, in the case of our main author, Lorenzo Peña, we conducted evolutionary research into his thought since 1989 with Flew on entitlements & Justice until his video Ecos del Azuay no35: Filosofía social y política (1a parte), (2023). Concerning Robert Nozick, we had taken his main work Anarchy, State and Utopia (1990). In this context, it is essential to understand on which arguments each author bases his conceptions of justice. On the one hand, Lorenzo Peña has a certain affinity with Communism, where an important role is given to the common good; Robert Nozick, in contrast, prefers Libertarianism, advocating individual rights and private property, i.e., a minimum status. Thus, after analyzing the basic arguments of each author, the main similarities and differences in their conceptions of justice will be identified.
Análisis comparativo de la teoría del contrato social en Hobbes y Rousseau
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-09-13) Cajamarca Yanza, María del Carmen; Uyaguari Cajamarca, Nicole Estefania; Vásconez Carrasco, Fernando Marcelo
The present work develops a comparative analysis of the theory of the social contract in Hobbes and Rousseau, highlighting the central elements of said theory, such as: the state of nature, civil state, conception of the human being, the State, the social contract, and society. For this we refer to the primary and secondary sources of the authors to analyze, some of the works of the authors are: The Leviathan (1651) and De Cive (1642) by Thomas Hobbes, and The Social Contract (1762) by Rousseau. In this context, it is necessary to highlight that this theory is based on contractualism, which helps us to identify how the State and society arise. For this, it will be necessary to know how the transition from a state of nature to a civil or political state takes place, the first can be defined as a state prior to society, that is, the moment in which men lived freely and without the domain of political power. On the other hand, both Hobbes and Rousseau define the civil or political state as a state subsequent to the social contract, in which society is already formed and the Government appears as the guarantor and regulator of certain rights such as security, self-preservation, and privacy social peace. Thus, after analyzing the fundamental categories of the social contract, the main similarities and differences present in this theory will be identified.
Análisis comparativo de las propuestas curriculares en Filosofía del Bachillerato Diversificado y del Bachillerato General Unificado
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-08-03) Chuquiguanga Vivar, Jessica Carolina; Brito Pacheco, Claudio Roberto; Japón Gualán, Ángel Rodrigo
The present investigation consists in the comparative analysis of the curricular proposals in Philosophy in the Diversified Baccalaureate and Unified General Baccalaureate. It is a descriptive hermeneutic investigation in which we show the different changes that the Philosophy has undergone in relation to a baccalaureate to another, for this a field investigation has been carried out that consists of a bibliographic review and interviews with teachers who dominate the area philosophical with the objective of comparatively analyzing the curricular proposals of the Philosophy in the Diversified Baccalaureate and Unified General Baccalaureate. In the first instance, we characterize Philosophy within the Philosophy curricula in the different baccalaureates and then we compare the Philosophy curricula based on criteria, to identify and reflect on the possible causes that tend to the devaluation of Philosophy in the different curricula thinking about a possible positioning of it in future curricular updates. To our consideration, the conclusions and recommendations obtained in this research contribute to the understanding of the different problems that Philosophy faces as a subject in the different educational curricula.
Análisis comparativo de los aportes didácticos de Accorinti y Kohan basadas en el programa de filosofía para niños para la enseñanza filosófica en el BGU
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-04-19) Toledo Inga, Alisson Jamilex; Palacios Cordero, Mireya del Pilar
The present investigation comparatively analyzes the didactic contributions of Stella Accorinti and Walter Kohan based on the Philosophy for Children program for philosophical teaching at the BGU. To achieve this task, the analysis focuses on the problem of teaching philosophy, as well as on the programs developed by the authors, who start from the original proposal of Matthew Lipman. At the end, emphasis is placed on the possible application of the Accorinti and Kohan proposals in the BGU.
Análisis comparativo de los derechos de la mujer en el feminismo ilustrado de Mary Wollstonecraft y el feminismo latinoamericano de Marcela Lagarde
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-09-21) Pañi Panamá, William Paulino; Torres Zavala, Jessica Michelle; Escudero Durán, María Lorena
The feminist struggles have been a constant between the 18th and 21st centuries, with some advancements and the emergence of new limitations. The objective of this research was to comparatively analyze the thinking of Mary Wollstonecraft (18th century English Enlightenment) and Marcela Lagarde (21st century Latin America). The methodological approach applied in the research was based on bibliographic documentation with an exploratory scope from resources exposed by the authors. The main result was that the feminist thinking of Mary Wollstonecraft and Marcela Lagarde has been a precursor to the development of feminism in different parts of the world, with a focus on equality of rights, active participation of women in society, egalitarian education, freedom in decision-making, and deconstruction of oppressive gender roles. Furthermore, it was highlighted that feminism as a philosophical movement seeks equity in rights and lifestyles, recognizing and valuing differences between men and women. Mary Wollstonecraft and Marcela Lagarde provide complementary perspectives: the former seeks a new critical way of seeing women from philosophy, based on reason and in tune with nature and context, while the latter focuses on the social construction of women from a gender perspective and the need to co-construct their stories and reaffirm their identities.
Análisis comparativo del proceso inclusivo con relación a la discapacidad intelectual leve y moderada en el bachillerato enfatizando investigaciones realizadas en Ecuador
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-05-21) Palacios Barbecho, Jorge Manuel; Pacheco Pacheco, Mónica Patricia; Vásconez Carrasco, Fernando Marcelo
In this paper, through a bibliographic study, a comparative analysis of the inclusive education of students with intellectual disabilities in some regular educational institutions in Ecuador is carried out. This educational approach that, following the principles of quality and Equity, seeks to develop cognitive and social skills in students. However, conditions are required to be adequate to ensure that the inclusive educational process is beneficial. In this regard, a description of the conditions that make it possible for the process to be successful is made. Also, some results of research conducted in public and private regular educational institutions of the country regarding the inclusion of students with intellectual disabilities are presented. The purpose of reviewing these investigations is to conduct a comparative analysis that allows to have a broader picture of the positive and negative aspects of inclusive education in the Ecuadorian context. The conclusions highlight the importance of this educational approach so that students with intellectual disabilities can develop interpersonal relationships and strengthen their autonomy. However, there are conditions that are not being the most appropriate to enrich the learning process, such as: teacher training and the participation of families.
Análisis comparativo entre el feminismo existencialista de Simone de Beauvoir y el feminismo marxista de Silvia Federici
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-09-20) Gómez Ordóñez, Denise Marcela; Quito Samaniego, Cisne Pamela; Palacios Cordero, Mireya del Pilar
The present research is framed in the theoretical foundation of the feminist philosophers Simone de Beauvoir and Silvia Federici, from the existentialist and marxist current, with the purpose of understanding, analyzing and identifying the categories of: Femininity, Woman and Gender Coloniality, that the authors have contributed from their perspective, in order to contribute in the feminist field. In order to carry out this study, a descriptive-comparative methodology is used and the level of research is documentary bibliographic. In addition, it is framed within the research line of Philosophy and Social Thought, since it focuses on the analysis and interpretation of feminist historical theories within a social context. By examining the various criteria and categories of feminist theories proposed by Beauvoir and Federici, a comparative analysis is made, in which the points of convergence and divergence are evidenced and the predominance and importance of their contributions are observed, allowing the results of this research to be relevant in the philosophical field. It is important to note that Simone de Beauvoir and Silvia Federici are valuable figures in feminism, although their theoretical approach and research topics are not in the same line, it has led to different contributions within the feminist movement, so that, the authors have been influential and have left a significant legacy in the struggle for gender equality and social justice.
Análisis comparativo sobre el problema del sentido de la vida desde las visiones de Albert Camus y Jean Paul Sartre
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-05-25) Morales Ochoa, Josue Nicolas; Solano Ortiz, César Augusto
The present work comparatively analyze the problem of the meaning of life from the views of Albert Camus and Jean Paul Sartre. For this, emphasis is placed on the fundamental lines of thought of each author; in the case of Albert Camus, the absurd and suicide are the central categories. On the other hand, in the case of Jean Paul Sartre, the categories analyzed were the Being, Nothingness and Freedom. The analysis has a hermeneutical approach, because a review and interpretation of the different works of the authors are made, which are developed in different disciplines such as: Philosophy, theater and literature. Likewise, a historical analysis of the most important war conflicts of the 20th century was carried out: The First and Second World War, because these events show the crisis and loss of meaning. Then, the wars will be key to understanding the thought of Camus and Sartre, as well as the problem of the meaning of life
Análisis crítico de la defensa utilitarista de Peter Singer sobre la obligación moral de los ricos para reducir la pobreza
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-05-05) Castillo Chávez, Jessenia Jaqueline; Vásconez Carrasco, Fernando Marcelo
There are several controversial and social issues that lead human beings to reflect on the practice of values and altruism, among them, and with the greatest current impact, is the reduction of poverty. One of the great representatives of this objective is the contemporary philosopher Peter Singer, who recognizes poverty as an absurd and intolerable situation. The fact that many people die from lack of food, shelter or medical care is an alarming issue since can be avoided without sacrificing anything morally significant and, therefore, he believes that people must rethink their moral duty to others. Likewise, after several writings, in his work The live you can save (2009), he manages to determine viable means for its eradication, donations by wealthy people, taking into consideration the huge amount of money they possess and that would not affect their standard of living if they donated a part of it. This work collects the author's arguments about the moral obligation of the rich to help the poor from the writings: Hunger, wealth and morality (1971), Practical Ethics (1984), Ethics to live better (1995), Compendium of ethics (2004) and finally in the work the live you can save (2009). In addition, the criticisms of authors such as: Dalia Romero, Andrés Gallardo, Cecilia Pourrieux and Macario Alemany, who find inconsistencies in Peter Singer's utilitarian defense in order to contrast and analyze it
Análisis crítico de la enseñanza de la Filosofía en los textos de las Series Alto Rendimiento e Ingenios del primer año del BGU
(2019-10-29) Barbecho Jiménez, Gabriela Elizabeth; Palacios Cordero, Mireya del Pilar
This paper deals with the study of the teaching of Philosophy in the texts of the Series Alto Rendimiento and Ingenios from the analysis of homeworks proposed in these texts in function of determine if these encourage the development of critical thinking in students and the causes that explain the lack of this type of thought. The objective of this investigation is reinforce the critical thinking of the homeworks from a repositioning of Philosophy in these texts. In the first instance, the homeworks are analyzed based on the development of cognitive abilities presented by Facione that encourage critical thinking, later analyzed according to the development of the types of homeworks proposed by Doyle and Education ministry of the Republic of Ecuador, getting as a result that teaching of Philosophy tends to respond to a teaching of the history of philosophy both in the texts of the Series Alto Rendimiento and Ingenios.
Análisis crítico del emotivismo ético de Bertrand Russell
(2019-04-23) Sánchez Carchipulla, Hugo Andrés; Vásconez Carrasco, Fernando Marcelo
This paper is a critical analysis of the ethical theory of Bertrand Russell, which has evolved throughout his life and is understood to have taken place in four stages. The first stage from 1998-1913 is defined as cognitivist. The second stage from 1913-1920, the third 1920-1944 and fourth stage 1944-1970 were all non-cognitivist. The last stage is the greatest work of the philosopher; in it, he tries to arrive at a theory that synthesizes cognitivism and not cognitivism in a theory called intersubjectivity, which supposes the consensus of social desires.
Análisis de El Emilio (Juan Jacobo Rousseau)
(1996) Pulla Baculima, Nelly Fabiola; Quito Argudo, Elsa; Miranda Vintimilla, Miguel