Facultad de Odontología

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Actividad antimicrobiana de las pastas antibióticas a través de los tejidos dentales
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2018) Rodas Rodríguez, Claudia Judith; Mendoza Trejo, Roberto Carlos; García González, Rafael; Yamamoto Nagano, Jesús Adolfo; Cárdenas Vidal, Fernanda de Lourdes
The purpose of this study was to evaluate through an experimental study in vitro the antimicrobial activity of antibiotic paste, in this case CTZ modified with Clindamycin. Materials and methods. The study was conducted with premolars and third molars divided in three groups, the first group were filled with zinc oxide and eugenol, for the second group the CTZ paste for sealing was used, and the third group CTZ paste was used but with prior instrumentation of teeth. Results. In the first group no inhibition zone was observed. For the second and third group halo of inhibition existed on the periphery of the teeth. Conclusions. The use of CTZ paste has a degree of permeability and bacterial inhibition. The use of zinc oxide and eugenol did not show permeability and bacterial inhibition.
Análisis comparativo de las mallas digitales entre dos tipos de sistemas de escaneado y sus sistemas operativos
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020) Abad Coronel, Cristian Gustavo; Moreno Gálvez, Doménica
Análisis de la flexión de la base del cráneo en relación al prognatismo maxilar
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2009-07) Bravo Calderón, Manuel Estuardo
the present study aimed at evaluating cranial base flexure in relation to maxillary prognathism in two Brazíl ian ethnic groups. Methods: the sample comprised 240 dry skulls of white (n = 120) and black (n = 120) Brazilians, of both genders. Cranial base flexure and maxillary prognathism were investigated by estimating the mean valúes of the NHBa and NABa angles, respectively. The N H Ba angle mean valúes were compared between ethnic groups and genders using the Student t-test (a = 0.05). The association between the NHBa and NABa angles was assessed by the linear correlation analysis. Results: NHBa angle mean valúes were higher in black individuáis (females = 183° and males = 181.7°), compared with white individuáis (females = 180.7° and males = 178.4°),p < 0.01. Conversely,the mean valúes relative to the NABa angle were greater in white individuáis (females = 79.4° and males = 78.6°) than in black individuáis (females = 76.7° and males = 76.1°). Most of the correlationsbetween NHBaand NABaangles were not significant. Conclusions: concerning the cranial base flexure, there were ethnic differences and sexual dimorphism between white and black Brazilians. The correlations between the angular variables used to estímate cranial base flexure and maxillary prognathism were not significant, except for black females. This finding suggests a trend to the increased maxillary prognathism as related to the enlargement of the cranial base flexure angle in the above-mentioned group.
Anatomía interna del incisivo central inferior mediante proceso de diafanización
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015) Espinoza, Ismael A.; Astudillo Ortíz, Esteban Andres; Ávila Carrasco, Jessica Maribel
Objective. To establish the internal anatomy of the lower central incisor in pieces extracted inside the Pucará canton, through the process of diaphanization. Materials and methods. Sixty lower central incisors obtained in the Pucará canton were examined, which fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the present study. They were subjected to the process of diaphanization based on the protocol cited by Robertson and through placing Chinese ink was able to observe its internal root anatomy. Results. The 60 pieces obtained were examined, the presence of a second conduit existed in a 23.3%, also the difference existed according to the type of conduit according to the classification of Vertucci, 76.6% had type I configuration, 21.7% type III configuration and 1.7% type V configuration type V. Conclusions. The majority of dental pieces examined in this study correspond to a type I configuration, the second common anatomy is a type III configuration and the third is a type V configuration. The dental diaphanization technique allows us to observe the anatomy of root canals in a three-dimensional conserving the original shape of the roots. The lower central incisor can present great variety in its duct system, which should be considered by the professional.
Angina de Ludwig. Presentación de un caso
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2013-11) Pineda Álvarez, David Manuel; Cordero, Pablo
Among the odontogenic infections, Ludwig’s Angina stands as the most important because of its high mortality rate and complications, as well as because of its rapid evolution in cases were an immediate diagnosis, accurate and appropriate treatment is not provided. This study presents a literatura review of this infectious entity and a case study where the diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations from the literatura were applied.
Aplicación del cariostático fluoruro diamínico de plata para la detención de la caries incipiente en los primeros molares permanentes
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2009-07) Parra Coronel, Janeth Judith; Moreno Morejón, Gladis Eugenia
Objetives The main purpose of this research is to determine and evalúate the therapeutical effect of the application of the Silver Diammine Fluoride (SDF) for detainning the presence of incipient caries on the first permanent molar teeth. MATERIALS AND METH0DS A quasi-experimental trail was carried out,with a nonprobabilistic porpositive sample This investigation was carried on fifty school children ,whose age ranged from 7 to 12 years old,at the Tarqui rural community.Alí of them are scholars with low economical income. Twenty eight(28> children whose molar pieces receíved the application of SDF attend to the Zoila Carmen Alvarado Primary School(groupe A).whereas the other twenty two(22> children whodid not received the SDF application attend to the Manuel Antonio Corral Primary SchooKgoupe B). In the first groupe(A) 112 molar pieces were examined.We detected 109 incipient lesions. In the second groupe(B) 88 molar pieces were examined;we detected 97 incipient lesions. Both groupes received medical counseling and advise for keeping oral hygiene and tooth brush habits. Results Two years later,we reevaluated the situation. Those children who belonged to the groupe A (they received the SDF local application) presented 83 lesions resolved,versus groupe B(did not received SDF application) who did not resolve their lesions. P<0.00001. RR:0.24 95%IC:0.17-0.33 Conclusion The SDF has a superior efficacy for the detention of incipient caries (76%) compared with the children who only improve their oral hygine practice.
Artrocentesis de la articulación temporomandibular: indicaciones, técnica, resultados y justificación
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2013-11) Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Bravo Torres, Wilson Daniel
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain is a predominant symptom in patients with temporomandibular disorder, and a common cause of chronic orofacial pain. Arthrocentesis of the upper joint space proved to be effective in reducing TMJ-related pain and reestablishing normal mandible range of movement in patients diagnosed with a ‘closed lock". This study describes the diagnostic of the TMJ disorders, indications of arthrocentesis, surgical technique and outcomes. In addition, it presents several case studies evaluated after almost 2O years of the evolution of arthrocentesis.
Blanqueamiento dental vital combinado: reporte de un caso clínico
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021) Amengual Lorenzo, José; Peydro Herrero, Marta
Combined vital tooth whitening consists of a first phase in the clinic with high con- centration whitening agents, followed by a home phase with low concentration whitening agents. In this work we present a case treated with this whitening modality that underwent an in-office session of two applications with a chemoactivatable product composed of 40% hydrogen peroxide, followed by 3 weeks of home treatment with individualizad splints and a 16% carbamide peroxide gel. The results achieved showed a significant and perceptible change in the color of the treated teeth
Complicaciones de insensibilización anestésica en endodoncia
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2009-07) Suárez Quintanilla, Eduardo
The elimination of the pain in Dentistry is an indication of excellence that contributes to offer comfort to the professional due to the collaboration that obtains from the patient in the execution of the Plan of Treatment and the consequent Prognosis. In order to obtain this objective, the application of anesthetic substances that act at local level, determines the obtaining of this result. But sometimes this agreement is not possible to obtain it by sequel of many factors that prevent the no feel the tissues, by means of processes that act in the mechanisms of nervous transmission in the manifestations of depolarization of the membrane that covers to the nerves and that are translated in painful group of symptoms.
Contraindicaciones de los implantes dentales
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2009-07) Alvarado Cordero, Jacinto José
Several investigations suggest that dental implantfailuresarelargelyrelatedtobiological factors; for the healthy patient it has been reported great success rates, some achieving 100%, but this will decrease depending on various systemic conditions that will impair osseointegration. Medical treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, intravenous bísphosphonates and systemic diseases as diabetes, hypothyroidism, osteoporosis, etc affect bone healing.The purpose of this paper ¡s to conduct a review of the absolute and relative contraindications of dental implants placement.
Deontología odontológica. Quo vadis
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2018) Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis; Moreno Robalino, Andrea Alejandra
Desinfectantes cavitarios
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2019) Tamariz Ordoñez, Pablo Esteban; Méndez Alvarado, Jorge Sebastian; Rodas Pesántez, Pablo Santiago
Desmitificando la evidencia científica, hacia su aplicación clínica
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2018) Bravo Calderón, Manuel Estuardo; Abad Coronel, Cristian Gustavo; Reyes, Giuseppe
Determinación anatómica del conducto mandibular en población adulta
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2016) Jimbo Cazar, Ana Cristina; Pesántez Coronel, Amanda Isabel; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique; Guillén Guerrero, Paúl Fernando
The present study supports the anatomical determination of the mandibular canal in adults of the Surgery Clinic ofthe Faculty of Dentistry ofthe University of Cuenca, this study has big importan- ce considering the location of the Canal in the performance of some surgical procedures such as collocation of dental ¡mplants, osteotomies, osteogenic distraction and the reduction of fractures and complicated extractions avoiding injuries to the mandibular nerve. The objective of the present study is to determine the location of the mandibular canal in relation to structures of importance in adults of the surgery clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Univer- sity of Cuenca. The study’s sample was 50 adults of the Clinical Surgery of University of Cuenca. Patients were ¡n age of 18 to 35 years who meet the inclusión criteria. The study used the Cone Beam system. In the results, in the man the dental apex closest to the mandibular duct was of the molar 4.8, as in the woman, with respect to the posterior edge of the branch in men was a distance of 18,196 mm and in the woman of 16,177 mm. In the literatura is well documented the injury to the inferior dental nerve by the proximity of the ápices of the third molars with this nerve, in this study is coincided with this, since the ápices of the third molars are the closest to the inferior dental nerve.
Disostosis mandibulofacial (síndrome de treacher collins). Reporte de un caso
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2019) Piedra Bravo, Yadira Lucía; Lucero Quezada, Christian Xavier
Mandibulofacial dysostosis or Treacher Collins syndrome is a rare congenital craniofacial disorder of autosomal dominant inheritance. Although its phenotypic expression is very variable, the diagnosis is fundamentally clinical. This article ineludes a review of the scientific literature on the relevant aspeets of Treacher Collins syndrome and reports a clinical case of interest.
Eficacia anestésica de lidocaína al 2% con epinefrina 1:80000 y mepivacaína 2% con epinefrina 1:80000 en el bloqueo del nervio infraorbitario
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021) Miranda Silva, Clarena; González Salgado, Laura; Víctor Rodríguez, Federico; Harris Ricardo, Jonathan; Fortich Mesa, Natalia
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the anesthetic efficacy of lidocaine with epinephrine 1:80,000 and mepivacaine 2% with epinephrine 1:80,000, in the infraorbital nerve block. Methods: experimental study, 100 subjects randomly received infraorbital nerve block, by using 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine and 2% mepivacaine at two separate appointments spaced at least at 1 week apart, teeth were pulp tested, three consecutive times using the three levels of the pulp tester cycles for a total of 120 minutes. Success was defined as no response after to 2 consecutive readings with the electric pulp tester, students described the symptoms and the response generated, latency period and the action time of each patient was recorded. Results: latency was set in seconds, the anesthetic lidocaine showed a mean of 14.69 ± 7.5 SD and 14.88 ± 8.02 mepivacaine, there was no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.86), while the action time was determined in minutes for the lidocaine was 186.7 ± 54.54 SD and 146.7 ± 39.28 for mepivacaine, differences were statistically significant (P = 0.0000). Conclusions: anesthetic lidocaine is more effective since it has a longer action period and does not represent differences in latency, comparing with mepivacaine.
Eficacia de la bacterioterapia probiótica para la prevención de caries dental: Una revisión sistemática de la literatura
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020) Osorio, L.; Buestan, J.; Yamunaqué, J.; Pinos, P.; Rodríguez, L.
El electroencefalograma en odontología
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2019) Naranjo Yépez, María Belén; Valdiviezo Zhunio, Claudia Pamela; Bravo Torres, Wilson Daniel
El electroencefalograma es una herramienta The electroencephalogram is a diagnostic tool that collects and evaluates brain electrical activity through electrodes; Its clínica! application is usually directed to the field of medicine, but in dentistry it allows to evalúate pathologies associated with parafunctional habits such as bruxism, sleep disorders and allows associating masticatory functions with certain cerebral functions. The present article makes a search of the literature in order to determine the current use of this diagnostic system in dentistry and its future perspectives.
El papel de odontólogo ante la diabetes mellitus
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2010-07) Carvajal Endara, Andrea
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to a deficiency in the secretion and / or action of insulin. Diabetes may affect various organs such as the eyes, kidneys, heart, nerves and blood ves- seis. Vascular changes in the oral cavity predispose individuáis with diabetes to periodontal disease, delayed wound healing,and opportunisticinfections.Treatment of diabetes aims at the reduction of blood glucose levéis to avoid the complications mentioned above. Part of this treatment ineludes dental care to prevent and treat conditions of the oral cavity, thereby ¡mproving the quality of life of diabetics. This paper aims to guide the dental professional through the unique needs and standard of care for their patients with Diabetes Mellitus.
El papel de odontólogo ante la diabetes mellitus
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2010-07) Carvajal Endara, Andrea Soledad
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to a deficiency in the secretion and / or action of insulin. Diabetes may affect various organs such as the eyes, kidneys, heart, nerves and blood ves- seis. Vascular changes in the oral cavity predispose in- dividuáis with diabetes to periodontal disease, delayed wound healing,and opportunisticinfections.Treatment of diabetes aims at the reduction of blood glucose le- véis to avoid the complications mentioned above. Part of this treatment ineludes dental care to prevent and treat conditions of the oral cavity, thereby ¡mproving the quality of life of diabetics. This paper aims to guide the dental professional through the unique needs and standard of care for their patients with Diabetes Melli- tus.

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