Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Tesis Maestrías

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Browsing Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Tesis Maestrías by Subject "Accidentes de tránsito"

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    Características de los accidentes de tránsito ocurridos en la provincia del Azuay durante el periodo, 2020 – 2021
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-05-13) Urgilez Gutiérrez, Nataly Susana; Navia Villavicencio, Agustín Eduardo
    Background: Traffic accidents represent a public health problem that is increasing. In Ecuador this problem arises daily. In 2020, a total of 14,690 victims of traffic accidents were registered. Objective: Characterize the traffic accidents that occurred in the province of Azuay during the period 2020-2021. Methods: Observational study - descriptive cross-sectional and retrospective. We worked with information from a public database of the National Transit Agency, which was collected in a data record sheet created by the author. The analysis was carried out with the SPSS v26 program, where, according to the nature of the variables, frequency and percentage values were presented. Results: Of the 1556 traffic accidents, 90.68% of accident victims belong to the male sex; Of these accidents, 59.82% were mild severity. The majority of accidents occurred in Cuenca (62.15%), by automobile (23.59%), due to a side collision (21.14%), in the month of October (10.8%). Of the deceased individuals, 94.87% are men, in an unidentified vehicle (39.10%), in January (16.67%) and due to loss of track (23.08%). The most recurrent probable cause is driving inattentive to traffic conditions (33.7%). Conclusions: The male sex was mostly involved in the accidents, also among the deceased. The most probable cause of accidents was driving inattentive to traffic conditions and the vehicle that was most related was the automobile.
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    Frecuencia y gravedad del trauma cráneo encefálico por accidentes en motocicleta en el área de emergencia del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca, 2015-2020
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-11-29) Pesántez Jara, María José; Aguirre Ponce, Silvia Marcela
    Background: Encephalo-cranial trauma (ECT) is a frequent patalogy in traffic accidents worldwide, motorcycles are the most involved vehicles; reporting as the second leading cause of death in underdeveloped countries. Depending on the severity of the injury and the Glasgow Scale score, the patient's mortality or sequelae are determined. General goal: to determinate the frequency, and severity od the cranial brain trauma cause by motorcycle accidents in the ER from Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Cuenca (HVCM), 2015-2020. Materials and methods: transversal, descriptive, retrospective studies, where diagnostic sheets of the cranial brain trauma, caused by motorcycle traffic accidents were included. The studied variables were sociodemographic characterization, hospitals, and legal doctors. The information was recolected by the statistics services from Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, and the data was analyzed and presented in frequency and percentage charts for the qualitative, quantitative, and standar deviation variables. Results: male gender predominated (93.2%), young adult (86.3%), urbane area (55.9%), with high school studies (46.6%). The cranial brain trauma was mild (44.1%), predominating the subdural hematoma (26.8%). It came with the cranial brain trauma the maxillofacial as well (19.4%). People who did not wear a helmet were 38.5%. On a Sunday (30.4%), and on nigh time (28.6%). Neurosurgical surgery was necessary (31.1%). Mortality of a 18%. Conclusions: The cranial brain trauma was mild the most common injury in young male adults, with a mortality of 18%, and more frequently in 2019.
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    Prevalencia y caracterización de fallecimientos por lesiones mortales en accidentes de tránsito vehicular, Cuenca 2015-2018
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-10-30) Chimbo Castillo, Mauricio Gustavo; Salazar Torres, Zoila Katherine
    Background: In Ecuador for the year 2018, according to the National Transit Agency (ANT), a total of 1,528 traffic accidents were reported in the province of Azuay, of which 1,357 presented injuries and 102 died in situ. Objective: to determine the prevalence and characterization of deaths due to fatal injuries in vehicular traffic accidents, basin 2015-2018. Methodology: cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out at the Center for Legal and Forensic Medicine Cuenca Zone 6, in the period 2015-2018 with 291 records. For the collection of information, a self-prepared data form was used, the statistics used were the frequency and percentage. Results: The prevalence of deaths was 12.1 / 100 thousand inhabitants, the majority of deceased corresponds to the male sex, with marital status was single, of primary education and with ages between 19 to 35 years. Running over and collision were the most frequent traffic accident mechanisms. Injuries considered "Critical" were the most frequent, with a severity index of 61 to 75 points. Cranioencephalic trauma together with cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral edema, were the most frequent cause of death. Conclusion: the characteristics of death due to vehicular traffic accidents are similar to those of the global and regional population, and deaths are lower than the national average.