Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Tesis Maestrías

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/110

Browse

Browsing Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Tesis Maestrías by Title

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Análisis espacial de anomalías congénitas en menores de 1 año atendidos en Ecuador de 2015 – 2019: distribución con relación a zonas agrícolas, mineras y petroleras
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-11-22) Pozo Palacios, Juan Carlos; Zamora Acosta, Giannina Elizabeth
    Congenital anomalies are a group of disorders of variable etiology and heterogeneous nature, present in 6% of births worldwide. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of congenital anomalies in children under 1 year old, attended in health units in Ecuador, and their relationship with residence in areas of mining, oil and agro-industrial exploitation, in the period 2015-2019. A critical epidemiological study was carried out that allowed the analysis of extractive contamination and agricultural production, and the presence of malformations using the critical processes matrix, which is a tool for analyzing the movement of social determination of health. The research used a descriptive analysis, modeling and distribution of clusters of care records for children under 1 year of age in units of the Ministry of Health, during the years 2015 to 2019, and a socio-environmental and geographical analysis of the critical processes of environmental contamination in the equator. The results show that the distribution of each group of congenital anomalies varies between the provinces and cantons of Ecuador and increases in places with greater extractive exploitation and industrial agricultural production. Ecuador is a scenario where epidemiological and spatial expressions of the capitalist model are manifested, which conditions critical socio-epidemiological and environmental processes. The productive nature of exploitation is due to a discriminatory and exclusive social order, which results in evident contrasts in the levels of exposure and the consequent incidence of congenital defects in the child population.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Infecciones vaginales y factores de riesgo relacionados en pacientes atendidas en el Área de Ginecología del Centro de Especialidades Central Cuenca (IESS), 2016
    (2017) Abril Matute, Cumandá Patricia; Ñauta Baculima, Manuel Jaime; Arévalo Peláez, Carlos Eduardo
    Background: leucorrhoea and vaginal pruritus are the main causes of gynecological consultation, are related to infections; timely and comprehensive diagnosis is the fundamental pillar to reduce recurrences that interfere with quality of life. Material and methods: observational, analytical, cross-sectional study; sample: 430 Gynecology patients from the Centro de Especialidades Central Cuenca (IESS). Forms were applied, samples were taken: fresh, Gram, Papanicolaou and colposcopy. Descriptive analysis was carried out: frequencies, percentages, means, DS; the association was determined by Odds Ratio and confidence intervals (95%). Significant results were considered: values of p <0.05. Results: sample conformed by women between 25-44 years (80%) (35.85 ± 7.5); urban residence: 71.2%; married: 57.2%; full upper instruction: 37.2%; multiparous 56%; mestizas: 99.5%; Typical average economic level (43%). The vaginal infection was 62.1% (267); Bacterial vaginosis (VB): 62.92%; candidiasis: 30.33%; trichomoniasis: 6.74%. Colposcopy altered in 66%, Nugent criteria: VB: 43.5%. Papanicolaou altered: 24.2%; Amsel criteria: VB: 21.9%. Start of sexual life between 12-18 years: 48.7% (average: 19.87 ± 4.2); sexual partners: between 2-4: 53% (mean: 2.19 ± 1.6); frequency of relations / week: 1 in 37.4% (average: 1.74 ± 1.2); previous diagnosis of sexually transmitted infection (STD): Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in 68.6%; they used planning methods: 49.1%; low socio-economic level: 13.2%; no significant relationship was found between the variables of possible risk and the presence of infections. Conclusions: the prevalence of vaginal infections was high, especially Bacterial Vaginosis and there were no risk factors related to: BV, candidiasis or trichomoniasis
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Manejo domiciliario de desechos generados en el tratamiento y auto monitoreo de la glucosa por pacientes con diabetes, Fundación DONUM, Cuenca, 2014
    (2015) Solano Ortiz, Lina Magali; Campoverde Arévalo, Nicolás Luciano
    Objective Determine the home management of waste generated in the treatment and self-monitoring of glucose by patients diagnosed with diabetes attending outpatient Donum Foundation in Cuenca, during 2014. Materials and methods A descriptive study was conducted in 203 patients with diabetes who attended outpatient in the Donum Foundation between September and December 2014. Data were obtained with direct interview and analyzed using the SPSS software. Results Of the 203 diabetic patients the predominant age group is between 59 and 68 years (40.4%). Most women (67%). 98% of patients were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes millitus and the remainder with other types of diabetes. Of the total patients interviewed 47.3% produce infectious waste in their homes and performing treatment and self-monitoring of glucose. This percentage: 97.4% does not separate the waste generated from other household waste; 97.9% of these wastes improperly stored indoors; and removes 100% of their homes improperly. Conclusion Of diabetic patients attending outpatient Donum Foundation in Cuenca, between September and December 2014, and infectious waste generated in their homes for treatment and self-monitoring of glucose, over 95% separated, stores and disposes of waste improperly
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Prevalencia y factores asociados a disfunción eréctil en pacientes atendidos en área de consulta externa del Hospital Básico Natalia Huerta de Niemes, Rocafuerte-Manabí, 2023
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-04-08) Sánchez Delgado, José Javier; Tapia Cárdenas, Jeanneth Patricia
    Background: Erectile dysfunction (E.D.), considered as a repeated difficulty in maintaining an erection, is an increasingly common pathology in men, with serious repercussions not only on sexual life but also on quality of life.General objective: determine the prevalence and factors associated with erectile dysfunction in patients treated in the Outpatient Consultation Area of the Natalia Huerta de Niemes Basic Hospital, Rocafuerte, 2023.Methodology: observational, analytical, transversal. 196 men who met the inclusion criteria were surveyed. Non-probabilistic convenience sampling was applied. The information was collected through a questionnaire, for the detection of E.D., the erectile function index was applied. The information analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis, chi square, odds ratio, p value and 95% confidence interval. The information is presented by custom tables.Results: the prevalence of E.D. was 54.6% (95% CI: 47.34-61.7). 29.1% were categorized as mild and 17.3% as moderate. Age groups ≥55 years (OR: 7.36; 95% CI: 3.80-13.86; p˂0.01), with a history of arterial hypertension (OR: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.05 -4.49; p:0.03) and with depression (OR: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.62-5.29; p˂0.01) are identified as factors that presented a statistical association with E.D. Conclusions: more than half of the participants presented E.D., the majority were categorized as mild cases. The factors that were related to De were age groups over 55 years of age, history of high blood pressure and depression
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Representaciones sociales de enfermería en el afrontamiento del consumo de drogas en los adolescentes del CETAD-Libertadores de Guayaquil. 2022
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-06-05) García Martínez, María Araceli; Medina Maldonado, Venus Elizabeth
    Nursing sees human care as a necessity, not only biological or physical, but that goes beyond a whole. Objective: to explore the social presentations of nursing in coping with drug use in adolescents of CETAD-Libertadores de Guayaquil 2022. Methodological design: qualitative-ethnographic study allowed to explore the social representations of nursing in coping with drug consumption. The subjects went to 9 nurses with experiences in the care of adolescent drug users. For data collection, focus groups were conducted, interviews were conducted following the Script of guiding questions, for validation the credibility method was used, making the transcription and interpretation of the data as close as possible to the reality studied. For the analysis of the data, the method of constant comparison was used, organized with the Atlas ti. 22. Software. Results: Social interaction nursing-patient and family in coping with drug use in adolescents, social visibility of nursing in coping with drug use in adolescents, Role of social accompaniment of nursing in coping with drug consumption in adolescents. Conclusions: The social representations of nursing in coping with drug use is based on guidance, commitment, and responsibility, as an individual process in the adolescent for coping. However, social interaction in coping with drug use in the family is limited because the idea persists that nursing has competence only to give medication
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Satisfacción de la calidad de atención brindada a los usuarios de la consulta externa del Centro de Salud N°2. Cuenca. 2014
    (2015) Hermida Salcedo, Diana María; Orellana Cabrera, Iván Eladio
    Objective: To evaluate the quality of outpatient care, through the measurement of perceived satisfaction with services received. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive design was applied. The study was conducted at the Center for Health 2, Cuenca, July 2014, in a probabilistic sample of 287 users. SERVQHOS the validated questionnaire, adapted for research purposes was applied. The survey was administered to adult users, after care in outpatient services. The data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, through the SPSS version 15.0 software. Discrete variables were operationalized in numbers and percentages and continuous variables as mean ± standard deviation (X ± SD). Wallis and chi square - statistical tests Cronbach's alpha (0.866) and Kruskal were applied Results: The sample was composed of young adult users (35.1 ± 14,1 years), 76.3% women, married status (46.7%), urban residence (94.1%) of instruction half (46.7%), more frequent (35.9%) housework and uninsured (77.7%) occupation. The service was consulted Medicine (55.1%). High levels of satisfaction were recorded in all departments and globally (77.4%), with statistical significance (p<0.05). A 76.3% of subsequent visits. The high degree of satisfaction was statistically significant in subjective categories. Conclusion: High levels of satisfaction with the overall and individual service is found, resulting in quality service. User satisfaction is associated with his treatment of health personnel.