Tesis de Pregrado

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Estado nutricional y factores asociados en adultos mayores de 65 años que asisten a los Centros de Salud Nicanor Merchán y Carlos Elizalde, mayo – noviembre, Cuenca 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-11-01) Zenteno Romero, Jennifer Alejandra; Zuin Malla, Miriam Fernanda; Abril Ulloa, Sandra Victoria
Background: In recent years, elder population has had a remarkable increase. This does not guarantee a better life quality in this population, therefore there is the need to evaluate their nutritional status and associated factors. Objectives: To determine the relationship between physical activity, diet quality and socioeconomic status with the nutritional status of elders older than 65 years that attend the health centers Nicanor Merchan and Carlos Elizalde located in the city of Cuenca, during the period of May – November 2022. Methods: A transverse analytical study was performed. To evaluate the nutritional state, measurements of weight, height, calf & abdomen circumference were taken and MNA-SF was applied. To measure the diet quality, physical activity and the socioeconomic status the following polls were used: ECAAM, IPAQ-C and the “Encuesta de Estratificacion del Nivel Socioeconomico” from INEC respectively. For the tabulation and analysis of data the software IBM SPSS was used. To determine the relationship between the variables, the ODSS RATIO was used. Results: 73.2% of patients were between 65 and 74 years old. There were more women (62.6%) than men (37.4%). The 61.8% was in risk of malnutrition and the 7.3% was malnourished. Close to 81% of the patients had bad diet. The 43% of patients were of a low or mid-low socioeconomic status. The 50% does physical activity: moderate (43%) and high (7%). Relationship between the nutritional status and the diet quality, socioeconomic status and physical activity in the elder adults was not found. Conclusions: Although relation between the nutritional status and the diet quality, socioeconomic level and physical activity was not found, the importance of health promotion and prevention of chronic diseases in elder adults is indisputable.
Estado nutricional y hábitos alimentarios de los adultos mayores entre 65 a 75 años de edad atendidos en el nivel primario del centro de Salud UNE – Totoracocha. Cuenca 2022
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-07-15) Andrade Sánchez, Camila Krupskaia; Parra Coronel, Daniela Estefanía; Sánchez Peralta, María Nathalia
Background: Food is a determining factor in the health of older adults; As the years go by, both physiological and social changes appear that emerge in the nutritional status of this age group, therefore, malnutrition in the elderly represents an important public health problem. Objective: To determine the nutritional status and its relationship with the food intake of older adults who attend the UNE Health Center - Totoracocha. Cuenca 2022. Methodology: The study was based on the quantitative approach with a non-probabilistic convenience sampling made up of 100 older adults who attend the UNE - Totoracocha Health Center in the City of Cuenca and who met the characteristics of interest in the research. Results: The study population is characterized by the predominance of the female population with 74% compared to 26% of the male population; in which 39% is located in the age group of 65 to 67 years. The investigative findings indicate the prevalence of 44% of normal nutritional status, however, nutritional diagnoses due to excess (overweight or obesity) are 51% according to the evaluation of the body mass index, on the other hand, it is highlighted that 63% of the population shows poor quality of food, and there is a relationship with their nutritional diagnoses. Conclusions: The nutritional status is directly related to the eating habits of older adults and this may be due to physical, physiological, psychological, cognitive, psychomotor and socio-affective changes typical of aging.
Estudio sobre las percepciones relacionadas con alimentación saludable y prácticas de alimentación de los adultos mayores del cantón Cuenca 2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-06-06) Guzmán Flores, Sofía Isabel; Peñafiel Campoverde, Valeria Renata; Abril Ulloa, Sandra Victoria
Background: Diet is an important determinant of health and has been compromised by physiological, economic, and social changes that occur with aging. General objective: To analyze the perceptions about healthy eating and eating practices of older adults in the Canton of Cuenca. 2021 Methodology: Qualitative phenomenological study, with a "snowball" type sampling. Twenty older adults participated, 10 from rural areas and 10 from urban areas. For the collection of information, an in-depth semi-structured interview was used. Data analysis was performed using the Atlas ti program. Results: The older adults of Cuenca have as a perception of healthy eating a diet based on fruits, vegetables and white meats, free of chemicals for their growth or maturation, with a minimum consumption of saturated fats, sausages, simple carbohydrates, salt and sugar. , to prevent diseases and complications of their comorbidities. It was also possible to find that the perceptions and food practices of each one have similarities typical of the Cuencana culture; however, the different socioeconomic situations, different educational level, different areas of residence, different environments during their adult life and the physiological changes of aging, can cause variations within their perception of healthy eating and the eating practices of each older adult. Conclusion: Eating practices are directly related to the perception of a healthy diet; however, they are influenced by factors such as: residence, customs, traditions, socioeconomic situation, accompaniment and physiological changes typical of aging.

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