Tesis de Pregrado

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Browsing Tesis de Pregrado by Subject "Actividad Fisica"

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    Comportamiento alimentario y actividad física en niños de 3-4 años del municipio.
    (2018) Espinoza Coello, Pamela Monserrath; Velásquez Ortíz, María del Carmen; Abril Ulloa, Sandra Victoria; Orellana Paucar, Adriana Monserrath
    Background: The preschool stage is the starting point in the creation of habits that will be present in the future, so we must observe the places where the behavior of children develops. General Aim: Observe the eating behavior and physical activity in 3-4 year old children of the Municipal Child Development Centers of the city of Cuenca (CDIs). Methodology: A mixed study was carried out, the qualitative inductive part was developed through non-participatory observations to preschoolers and their educators, analyzing their eating behavior and physical activity. 9 interviews were carried out with the kitchen staff of the CDIs to explore the practices that influence the eating behavior and quality of the menu. The descriptive quantitative study was carried out using a validated dietary quality questionnaire. Results: It was observed that children at the table behave according to the interaction of educators who use strategies to consume the preparations. It was observed that preschoolers do not comply with the recommendation of physical activity and have a prolonged sleep time after lunch. In the interviews, it was found that each CDI carries their organization, and they modify the menu according to several reasons, some of which provide benefits and other disadvantages. The quality of the menus according to the COMES questionnaire was acceptable to improvable. Conclutions: Preschoolers consume three meal times in the CDIs. For this reason, it is necessary to pay attention to the factors that influence the eating behavior and physical activity.
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    Comportamiento en la alimentación y actividad física de preescolares al finalizar un proyecto de promoción de hábitos saludables
    (2018) Peñaloza Moscoso, María José; Calle Bravo, Carla Karina; Abril Ulloa, Sandra Victoria
    Background: In the preschool stage, the teaching staff and / or the formal caregivers play an important role as health promoters, which will have a short and long term impact. General Objective: To identify the feeding and physical activity behavior of the preschool children at the end of an intervention project to promote healthy habits in the Infantile Development Centers of the Municipality of Cuenca (CDIs). Methodology: A quali-quantitative mixed study was carried out. The qualitative approach was carried out through non-participatory observations to children and to the educators during the days of attendance of the children to the CDIs. In addition, structured interviews were conducted with the food service staff of the CDIs to learn how the children's menu is prepared once a training course within the intervention project has been completed. Structured interviews were also conducted with educators to identify the most useful ludic and audiovisual material to teach children eating habits and physical activity. The quantitative study was carried out through the analysis of the quality of the menu eaten by children in the CDIs. For this study, a validated questionnaire was applied. Result: It was observed that the children's eating behavior depends on the control that the educator has, and it is different in each CDI; so, in some CDIs the children eat in a more relaxed way while in others they scream, hit things, etc. The food staff indicates that they have a similar organization in all CDIs, however, menus are altered for different reasons; this fact brings benefits and disadvantages. The teachers commented that stories and food replicas were within the preferred nutrition material to work with children. On the other hand, the analysis of the menus showed an ACCEPTABLE quality, with the fulfillment of 59%. Conclusions: The majority of preschoolers eat three times of food in the CDIs. In addition, it was observed that the attitude and habits that the educators have at the table influence directly on the feeding behavior of the children at the time of eating. Consequently, it is very important to monitor all aspects and to correct the factors that influence the children's eating behavior
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    Efecto de la educación nutricional y actividad física sobre los parámetros antropométricos en el personal de contrato colectivo con sobrepeso y obesidad del Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, Azogues abril – octubre 2015
    (2016) Mora Loja, Nube del Rocío; Peñaranda Sarmiento, Diana Graciela; Cepeda Contreras, Alvaro Sebastián
    OBJECTIVE Identify the effect of nutrition education and physical activity on anthropometric parameters in the staff collective agreement with overweight and obesity Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive study with a component of intervention - action. To determine the study group's nutritional status assessment we were made to all staff. At the end the sample was 67 overweight and obese people who signed the informed consent. Knowledge, attitudes and dietary practices and physical activity were applied at the beginning and end of the study. Subsequently, a nutrition education program was conducted through weekly lectures and workshops. Physical activity sessions were included by bailoterapias, active breaks and aerobics twice a week. Upon completion of the study a final anthropometric assessment was performed. RESULTS: At the end of the intervened population study showed a reduction in mean variables: weight, body mass index (BMI) index and waist / hip ratio, showing a significant decrease of the initial weight (70,7kg) compared to final weight (68,6kg). Besides reducing the BMI (29,67kg / m2) compared to the final BMI (28,7kg / m2) it stands. As for the index waist / hip average dropped from 0.93 to 0,92cm. CONCLUSION: Nutritional education combined physical activity has a positive effect on reducing anthropometric measurements, along with favorable changes in knowledge, attitudes and eating practices
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    Elaboración de un plan educativo de acuerdo al estado nutricional y factores asociados de los niño y niñas de los Centros Infantiles del Buen Vivir Cuenca-Azuay, julio 2014-marzo 2015
    (2015) Molina Ochoa, Gabriela Estefanía; Morales Avilez, Diana Elizabeth; Abril Ulloa, Sandra Victoria
    Objective: To develop an educational plan according to nutritional status and associated factors of preschool children of 2-4 years of five preschool facilities of the Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion (MIES) of the city Cuenca - Ecuador. Methods: In 156 preschool children, the nutritional status was determined using the World Health Organization (WHO) 2007 criteria. Kind of caregiver, type of family, social strata, nutritional habits, screen time and physical activity were defined with a survey. Results: We found that 26.9% had low height for age and 72.4% normal height. In the weight/age indicator, 0.6% of children were underweight and 1.2% overweight and obesity. In the indicator body mass index/age nobody was wasted. It was found 35.9% of preschool children at risk of overweight, at 8.3% were overweight/obese. Regarding eating habits, most of them had regular habits (71.6%), and only 25.7% had good habits. Also, found that 96.6% of children watch two or more hours of television a day. Conclusions: The prevalence of stunting and overweight are high, characteristics of a country undergoing nutritional transition. This study is a baseline, to develop and implement an educational plan of diet and physical activity aimed at preschoolers, to parents and educators of children's centers.
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    Evaluación del estado nutricinal, hábitos alimentarios y actividad física en los niños de 6 a 10 años de la Escuela Remigio Romero y Cordero Cuenca 2014.
    (2015) Carchipulla Carchipulla, Mirian Rosario; Jiménez Déleg, Bersabe Elizabeth; Espinoza Fajardo, Ana Cristina; Bresciani Jaramillo, Gina Alicia
    School age, from a nutritional standpoint and health is important in preventing diseases, since during this stage eating habits are formed. Physical activity in schools is essential for the proper development of children, as it improves your cardiovascular function and helps develop their psychomotor skills. Objective: To determine nutritional status, dietary habits and physical activity of children of 6-10 years of school Remigio Romero y Cordero. Cuenca 2014. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study, 200 students from 6-10 years of school Remigio Romero y Cordero. Cuenca 2014 - 2015. Prior to inclusion, student representatives signed the informed consent. Anthropometric measurements were taken to determine nutritional status. Dietary habits and level of physical activity were determined based on surveys of children. Results: Of the 200 students, 73,5% had normal weight, 12,5% Chronic Malnutrition, acute malnutrition 8,5%, 5% Overweight, Obesity 0,5%. The 50% of the population belonged to boys and 50% girls. The largest age group was 6 years to 28%. The 92% of those eating habits were regular, 4.5% and 3.5% good bad. 73.5% of the physical activity was light, 26.5% moderate, there were no cases of intense physical activity.
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    Prevalencia de malnutrición: su relación con hábitos alimenticios, actividad física y factores asociados en escolares urbanos de Cuenca. 2013
    (2014) Mogrovejo Mora, Fabiola del Carmen; Montenegro Ambrosi, Cisne María; Charry Ramírez, José Ricardo; Auquilla Díaz, Nancy Eulalia
    Malnutrition is a global public health problem. Studies by the WHO (World Health Organization) indicate that Ecuador is no exception, being present in 31, 5%. (1) Objetive: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition and is relationship with: eating habits, physical activity and associated factors influenced by age and sex in urban schoolchildren of de city of Cuenca, in 2013. Methodology: Analytical study – cross, 581 students from 5 to 12 years in urban schools in Cuenca in 2013. Show a sample obtained by conglomerates, stratified and randomized. Prior to inclusion, student representatives signed informed consent and were surveyed with validated instrument. Anthropometric to estimate the BMI measures were taken. The food habits, level of physical activity and associated factors: socioeconomic status and education, were determined based on surveys applied. Results: of the 581 students, 71% presented healthy weight compared with 29% malnutrition. 54% of the population belonged to men and 46% women. The largest age group was 10 years with 27.84%. The 52.82% of the food habits were regular. The 60% of physical activity was moderate. Mean Socioeconomic Status was 56.4%. There was no statistically significant relationship between malnutrition with dietary habits, physical activity, associated factors (socioeconomic status, education, type of school, school day) influenced by sex and age. KEYWORDS: PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, FEED, MALNUTRITION, SCHOOL, EATING HABITS, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS.
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    Roles y estereotipos de las cuidadoras de las personas con discapacidad en la alimentación y actividad física
    (2018) Torres Lazo, Sofía Alejandra; Vintimilla Loyola, Ana Isabel; Huiracocha Tutivén, María de Lourdes
    Background: Intellectual disability is a significant limitation in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. Caregiving a person with a disability generates stress for daily activities in feeding, personal hygiene, and physical activity. General Objective: Describe the roles and stereotypes of caregivers of people with disabilities in feeding and physical activity, from March to September 2017. Methodology: Qualitative descriptive phenomenological study whose population were the informal caregivers of people with disabilities: eleven with Down syndrome, two with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Down syndrome, three with Cerebral Palsy and three with Intellectual disability, in Cuenca city. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews that were recorded, transcribed and analyzed, using the software Atlas ti version 1.0.50. The interview covered conceptual categories such as: eating behavior, kinds of food children eat, eating habits, roles and stereotypes of the caregiver in feeding, and physical activity, nutritional status. Results: One hundred percent of the caregivers were women with direct relationship with the person they take care. Also, 68,4% of the people with disability were included in family diet, having preferences in high protein and carbohydrates food. Caregivers did not accomplish the World Health Organization recommendations in feeding and physical activity. Furthermore, 73,7% of the participants had bad physical activity habits due to the lack of promotion or awareness of them. Conclusion: Caregivers maintain the traditional role and stereotype of gender in the care of feeding and physical activity of people with disabilities