Extracción de almidón a partir del banano (plátano) de categoría II (musa paradisiaca) en estado verde, para la elaboración de colada instantánea fortificada y utilización de su fibra para balanceado de ganado porcino

Abstract

The objective of the current project is to take advantage of the rejected banana in green state to obtain the starch present in the fruit for its use in the elaboration of an instant fortified powder mixture. The waste generated during the extraction process is used as raw material for the production of pig feed. The extraction of starch was carried out by the wet method, which consists of performing several pulp washes; subsequently dried for 13 hours at a temperature of 40°C, obtaining a humidity of 12.96%. The gelation temperature for starch was 60 ° C, while its water absorption index was 2.57 g gel / g of sample. The percentage of starch obtained according to laboratory analysis was 63%. The instant powder mixture was fortified with ferrous sulfate because iron is an element of vital importance in the daily intake of children; hence, the elaborated formulation complies with the established requirements and technical specifications of the “Programa de Alimentación Escolar del Ecuador” (Ecuadorian School Feeding Program). The extraction residue was subjected to a drying process, where a moisture content of 11% was obtained; this residue was combined with other raw materials to elaborate an animal feed that provides the necessary nutrients for the daily intake of a pig in the fattening stage. By requiring foods with high protein and economically competitive contents, it was decided to implement the use of whey in powder form as the main source of protein.