Conductas parentales: apoyo a la autonomía y control psicológico en adolescentes de la Unidad Educativa Carlos Rigoberto Vintimilla de Cuenca en el periodo 2019 -2020
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Date
2021-02-17
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Cuenca
Abstract
This study was conducted to analyze, from the point of view offered by the SelfDetermination Theory (SDT), the parenting behaviors that allow and promote free will in
teenagers by supporting their autonomy and allowing them the chance to take responsibility on
any possible consequence of such activity by supporting and enhancing their autonomy. It also
seeks to examine which are the practices that, on the contrary, don’t satisfy the basic emotional
and psychological needs that a teenager has through the usage of psychological control. This is
generally a topic that has been quite popular in the last few years which is the reason why our
study describes the parenting behaviors that enhance autonomy and psychological control based
on gender, family type, schooling level and the placement between siblings. Such study has
been done under a quantitative approach with descriptive reach that is non-experimental. The
Parental Autonomy Support Scale (P-PASS) was used as an instrument to evaluate the level of
agreement and disagreement that the study group had in regards of their parent’s behaviors. For
this research, the study group was composed by 100 teenagers between the ages of 14 and 18
years-old that are students in the Carlos Rigoberto Vintimilla high school in the city of Cuenca
in Ecuador. The author’s results of data analysis found that parents manifested conducts which
were supportive of their kid’s autonomy while they were growing up by being conscious and
receptive to their children’s feelings. In terms of psychological control, it was found that the
parenting practices overall encouraged school performance and used grounding as threat when
objectives were not fulfilled as expected. In conclusion, teenagers generally perceived that their
parents were more inclined to be supportive of their autonomy than to exert psychological
control over them.
Resumen
La presente investigación busca analizar desde la Teoría de la Autodeterminación (TAD) las
conductas parentales que permiten a los hijos tener libre elección de realizar una actividad
asumiendo cierto control sobre las consecuencias mediante el apoyo a su autonomía, o por el
contrario no satisfacer las necesidades básicas psicológicas y emocionales que el adolescente
requiere a través del control psicológico. Este tema ha tomado gran importancia en la
actualidad, por tal motivo, se busca describir las conductas parentales de apoyo a la autonomía
y control psicológico en adolescentes según el sexo, tipología familiar, nivel de escolaridad y
lugar que ocupan entre los hermanos. La metodología emplea un enfoque cuantitativo con
alcance descriptivo y de tipo no experimental. Se utilizó la Parental Autonomy Support Scale
(P-PASS) como instrumento para valorar el nivel de acuerdo o desacuerdo respecto a las
conductas de padre y madre. En este estudio participaron 100 adolescentes de entre 14 a 18
años que cursan el bachillerato general unificado en la Unidad Educativa “Carlos Rigoberto
Vintimilla” de la Ciudad de Cuenca. Con base en la información recolectada, los resultados
muestran que los progenitores manifiestan conductas de apoyo a la autonomía sobre los
adolescentes mientras crecían, al ser conscientes de aceptar y reconocer los sentimientos del
niño; respecto al control psicológico parental se encontró que utilizan conductas que fomentan
objetivos de rendimiento y amenazas de castigo. En conclusión, los adolescentes perciben que
existe una superioridad de conductas de apoyo a la autonomía sobre las de control psicológico.
Keywords
Psicología Clínica, Medio familiar, Padres, Adolescencia
Citation
Código de tesis
Código de tesis
TPSC;172