Person:
Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis

Birth Date

1977-02-09

ORCID

0000-0003-0381-2402

Scopus Author ID

35101299300

Afiliación

Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Odontología, Cuenca, Ecuador

País

Ecuador

Organizational Units

Organizational Unit

Facultad de Odontología

La Facultad de Odontología se estableció en 1958, es la unidad académica responsable de la carrera que lleva el mismo nombre y que desarrolla actividades de docencia, investigación y de servicio comunitario, en modalidad presencial y con duración de 10 ciclos. Las actividades académicas descritas en el plan de carrera y matriz curricular se desempeñan en aulas, laboratorios y clínicas, modernamente equipadas acorde a los avances tecnológicos y a las exigencias de los organismos de control.

Job Title

Profesor (T)

Last Name

Álvarez Vásquez

First Name

José Luis

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 14

Conducto con exudado persistente: causas y manejo clínico
(2021) Guazhima Fernandez, Maria Cristina; Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis; Durán Ortiz, Natasha Carolina
Objective: The aim of this integrative literature review was to address the causes and clinical management of the canal with persistent exudate or “weeping canal”, which is a clinical entity characterized by the presence of persistent inflammatory exudate in the canal, despite ongoing root canal treatment even after multiple appointments. Methodology: A bibliographic survey was carried out in the Pubmed, Scopus and EBSCO databases, in English and without restriction of publication date.The search terms used in combination were: wet canal, weeping canal, persistent exudate, persistent intracanal exudation, and root canal treatment. Results and conclusion: It is concluded that the main cause described is microbial, in the form of bacterial biofilm or recalcitrant infection. Regarding its clinical management, a series of approaches are available, such as paper points, intracanal dressing, and aspiration systems such as Endovac, while the use of Nd:YAG laser requires morestudies to support its clinical use.
Global use of ethnomedicinal plants to treat toothache
(2022) Saavedra Cornejo, Gabriela Elizabeth; Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis; Parra Solano, Nathaly Fernanda; Espinosa Vásquez, Ximena Elizabeth
Toothache is one of the most common global health problems, and medicinal plants are widely used to relieve the associated pain and inflammation. Several studies have been conducted on the use of plants to treat toothache, but no study has comprehensively assessed the types of plants and the mechanisms of action of the phytochemical compounds involved in their analgesic effect. This review aims to bridge this gap. This is the first review to collect a large volume of data on the global use of medicinal plants used in the treatment of toothache. It presents the relevant information for dentists, researchers, and academics on using medicinal plants to treat toothache. We found that preclinical studies and state-of-the-art technology hold promise for furthering our knowledge of this important topic. In total, 21 species of medicinal plants used to treat toothache were found in America, 29 in Europe, 192 in Africa, 112 in Asia, and 10 in Oceania. The most common species were Allium sativum, Allium cepa, Acmella oleracea, Jatropha curcas, Jatropha gossypiifolia, and Syzygium aromaticum. The most commonly found family of medicinal plants was Asteraceae, followed by Solanaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rutaceae, and Myrtaceae. The most common phytochemicals found were flavonoids, terpenes, polyphenols, and alkaloids. The reported mechanisms of action involved in toothache analgesia were antioxidant effects, effects mediated by transient receptor potential channels, the γ-aminobutyric acid mechanism, and the cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase anti-inflammatory mechanism.
Variation in the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 in human pulp tissue according to the root-development stage
(2007) Díaz, Eduardo; Lombana Sanchez, Nelson Jose; Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis; Orozco, María Patricia; Díaz Perez, Alberto; Angel Londoño, Patricia; Caviedes Bucheli, Javier Fernando; Muñoz, Hugo Roberto
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation. It actively participates during odontogenesis and mineralization of dental hard tissues. The purpose of this study is to use a radioimmunoassay (RIA) to determine whether there are differences in the expression of IGF-1 in human pulp from teeth having incomplete or complete root development. Twenty-six pulp samples were obtained from freshly extracted human third molars, half of them from teeth with incomplete root development. All of the samples were processed and labeled using an IGF-1 RIA kit. Results showed IGF-1 presence in all human pulp samples with a statistically significant higher expression in pulps having complete root development. The present findings are consistent with the hypothesis that IGF-1 contributes toward forming and mineralizing dental tissues in teeth with incomplete root development as well as in pulp-repairing process in teeth with complete root development.
The Biomineralization Conundrum of Calcified Extraradicular Deposits on the Apical Root Surface of Teeth: A Case Report
(2023) Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis
Background: Calcified extraradicular deposits on the apical root surface of teeth (CEDARST) are rarely seen in the dental field, compared with dental calculus deposits, which are very frequent. However, the exact biomineralization process of this entity has remained unclear until now. Objective: To report a case of an exuberant calcified extraradicular deposit on the apical root surface of an anterior tooth with apical periodontitis and propose for the first time some potential mechanisms involved in this pathological mineralization, and thereby suggest directions for future research. Case Presentation: In brief, a root-canal-treated canine displaying a radiographic periapical radiolucency was treated, and the sinus tract persisted despite root canal retreatment in which high endodontic standards were maintained. Endodontic surgery was performed, and the curettage of the pathologic tissue revealed an exuberant calculus-like material attached to the outer root surface, around the exit of the apical foramen. Two-year follow-up radiography revealed complete bone healing, and the patient´s tooth was asymptomatic and functional. Conclusion: The development of CEDARST seems to depend on a fine synergic control exerted by specific microorganisms (mainly bacteria) on this pathological mineralization, as well as on the local chemical microenvironment of the apical lesion of the affected tooth. Microbial implications and inhibitors of mineralization seem to play a dominant role in CEDARST biomineralization.
Morfología de conductos radiculares en incisivos mandibulares permanentes mediante tomografía computarizada de haz cónico en una subpoblación cuencana
(2022) Duran Urdiales, Daniela Belen; Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis; Gonzalez Neira, Cintya Camila
Purpose: Evaluate the root canal morphology of mandibular incisors by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and methods: 187 Cuenca patients’ CBCT scans were analyzed, evaluating a total of 748 tomographic images. CBCTs were obtained using a Morita 3D Accuitomo 170 tomograph (J. Morita Inc., Kyoto, Japan) with a 0.330 mm voxel size; exposure parameters of 90 kV and 6 mA; 170 x 170 ﬁeld of view and 0.66mm cutting thickness. Root canal anatomy was analyzed according to the Vertucci classiﬁcation. Gender inﬂuence on the canal distribution of canals and the symmetry of bilaterality were statistically analyzed; the level of signiﬁcance was p <0.05. Results: All teeth had 1 root. The prevalence of two root canals was 9%. In teeth with two root canals, the most prevalent Vertucci conﬁguration was type III (6.7%), followed by type V (1.6%). Furthermore, 68.7% of the teeth with two root canals presented bifurcation in the middle third of the root. There were no statistically signiﬁcant differences regarding the inﬂuence of gender and bilaterality symmetry. Conclusions:The prevalence of two canals in mandibular incisors in a Cuenca subpopulation was approximately 9%, being Vertucci’s type III the most common conﬁguration.
Epoxy resin-based root canal sealers: An integrative literature review
(2024) Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis
The correct obturation of the root canal system achieved by means of a core and a cement is essential for the success of endodontic treatment. There are several root canal cements (RCCs) on the market; however, because of their excellent characteristics, epoxy resin-based sealers (ERBSs) have been widely used. The main aim of this review was to analyze and integrate the available information on different ERBSs. An electronic search was performed in the PubMed and Scopus databases, using “epoxy resin” AND “root canal treatment”, and “epoxy resin” AND “endodontics” as search terms. In general, ERBSs have good flow properties, film thickness, solubility, dimensional stability, sealing capacity, and radiopacity. They are also able to adhere to dentin while exhibiting low toxicity and some antibacterial effects. However, their main disadvantage is the lack of bioactivity and biomineralization capability. A large number of ERBSs are available on the market, and AH Plus keeps being the gold standard RCC. Yet, information on many of them is limited or non-existent, which could be due to the fact that some of them are relatively new. The latter emphasizes the need for relevant research on the physicochemical and biological properties of some ERBSs, with the aim of supporting their clinical use with sufficient evidence via prospective and long-term studies
Expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in human pulp cells of teeth with complete and incomplete root development
(2019) Munoz, H. R.; Castrillón Sarria, N.; Canales Sánchez, P.; Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis; Jovel Garcia, J.; Azuero Holguín, M. M.; Rivero, C.; Caviedes Bucheli, Javier; Diaz, E.
Aim To quantify the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in human pulp cells of teeth with complete or incomplete root development, to support the specific role of IGF-1 in cell proliferation during tooth development and pulp reparative processes. Methodology Twenty six pulp samples were obtained from freshly extracted human third molars, equally divided in two groups according to root development stage (complete or incomplete root development). All samples were processed and immunostained to determine the expression of IGF-1 and PCNA in pulp cells. Sections were observed with a light microscope at 80· and morphometric analyses were performed to calculate the area of PCNA and IGF-1 immunostaining using digital image software. Mann– Whitney’s test was used to determine statistically significant differences between groups (P < 0.05) for each peptide and the co-expression of both. Results Expression of IGF-1 and PCNA was observed in all human pulp samples with a statistically significant higher expression in cells of pulps having complete root development (P = 0.0009). Conclusion Insulin-like growth factor-1 and PCNA are expressed in human pulp cells, with a significant greater expression in pulp cells of teeth having complete root development.
Resolvinas: blancos terapéuticos emergentes para el tratamiento del dolor y la inflamación
(2014) Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis
Las resolvinas son agentes lipídicos producidos de manera endógena por el propio organismo, las cuales participan de manera muy activa en lafase de resolución del proceso inflamatorio. La literatura disponible ha evidenciado de manera fehaciente sus eminentes propiedades antiinflamatorias y analgésicas, por lo que las resolvinas se proyectan comoagentes terapéuticos emergentes para el tratamiento de algunos desórdenes sistémicos y patologías de la cavidad oral que cursan con cuadros inflamatorios acompañados de dolor, como las afecciones pulpares y/o periapicales, por ejemplo.
Adipokines in dental pulp: physiological, pathological, and potential therapeutic roles
(2021) Gavidia Pazmiño, Jonathan Francisco; Intriago Morales, Ruth Viviana; Bravo Guapisaca, Maria Isabel; Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis
Background: Hundreds of adipokines have been identified, and their extensive range of endocrine functions- regulating distant organs such as oral tissues- and local autocrine/paracrine roles have been studied. In dentistry, however, adipokines are poorly known proteins in the dental pulp; few of them have been studied despite their large number. This study reviews recent advances in the investigation of dental-pulp adipokines, with an emphasis on their roles in inflammatory processes and their potential therapeutic applications. Highlights: The most recently identified adipokines in dental pulp include leptin, adiponectin, resistin, ghrelin, oncostatin, chemerin, and visfatin. They have numerous physiological and pathological functions in the pulp tissue: they are closely related to pulp inflammatory mechanisms and actively participate in cell differentiation, mineralization, angiogenesis, and immune-system modulation. Conclusion: Adipokines have potential clinical applications in regenerative endodontics and as biomarkers or targets for the pharmacological management of inflammatory and degenerative processes in dental pulp. A promising direction for the development of new therapies may be the use of agonists/antagonists to modulate the expression of the most studied adipokines.
Dental pulp fibroblast: a star cell
(2022) Castañeda Alvarado, Cristina Paola; Álvarez Vásquez, José Luis
Introduction Dental pulp fibroblasts (DPF) are the most abundant cell type in the dental pulp. They play pivotal roles; however, they are often mistaken to be involved only in the repair and maintenance of this connective tissue. Methods We used the search terms “pulp fibroblast,” “complement system proteins,” “pulp inflammation,” “angiogenesis,” and “dentin pulp regeneration” to identify articles from the PubMed and Scopus databases. Result These sentinel cells produce all complement system proteins participating in defense processes, control of inflammation, and dentin-pulp regeneration; produce several proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and express pattern-recognition receptors, demonstrating their involvement in immunoregulatory mechanisms; express neuropeptides and their receptors, playing an important role in neurogenic inflammation and dental pulp wound healing; secrete angiogenic growth factors as well as neurotrophic proteins, essential for dentin-pulp regeneration; regulate neuronal plasticity processes; and can sense the external environment. Conclusion This review highlights that DPFs are more than mere passive cells in pulp biology and presents an integrative analysis of their roles and functions.