Facultad de Odontología Tesis Especializaciones
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Item Prevalencia de patología pulpar y periapical en pacientes atendidos en la clínica de Posgrado de Endodoncia de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca en el periodo marzo 2019- julio 2023(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-09-18) Juca Guamán, Claudia Valeria; Ortiz Garay, Elida MagalyThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pulpal and periapical pathology based on the clinical records of patients treated at the Postgraduate Endodontics Clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Cuenca during the period 2019–2023. A cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study was conducted, analyzing 705 clinical records that met previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The collected data were processed using frequency and percentage statistical analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 27.0, and the results were presented through graphs and tables for easier interpretation. The most prevalent pathologies were symptomatic apical periodontitis (69.9%) and previously treated teeth (29.2%) as periapical and pulpal conditions, respectively. A predominance of young adult patients (88.5%) and a higher attendance of female patients (63.3%) were observed. Regarding the type of teeth, molars were the most frequently diagnosed with endodontic pathologies (55.1%). These findings indicate a high prevalence of pulpal and periapical diseases, with a correlation observed between previous endodontic treatments and the presence of apical lesions. Although no significant association was found with sex or age, a statistically significant relationship was identified with the type of tooth involved.Item Microbots: herramientas para el diagnóstico y tratamiento en endodoncia(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-06-26) Córdova Muñoz, Nicole Alejandra; Kun Astudillo, Kenia KarenDespite advances in techniques and materials, significant challenges remain, especially in the complete disinfection and cleaning of the root canal system due to its complex anatomy and the presence of resistant microorganisms. In this context, microbots have emerged as innovative technology with the potential to improve endodontic treatments. Their ability to navigate and operate with precision in confined spaces allows for effective control and elimination of infectious agents and localized drug delivery. This thesis aims to review the existing literature on the use of microbots in endodontics, highlighting their diagnostic and therapeutic applications, as well as the challenges and prospects in this field.Item Resistencia adhesiva de resina convencional a resina impresa en 3D: el papel de los tratamientos superficiales(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-06-18) Idrovo Tinta, Thalia Silvana; Astudillo Rubio, Daniela AndreaBackground: Various surface treatments such as air abrasion, hydrofluoric acid, universal adhesive, and silane have been used to enhance adhesion in dental restorations by modifying surface characteristics and increasing roughness. Objective: To evaluate the bond strength between conventional resin and definitive 3D-printed resin using different surface treatments. Methods: Seven experimental groups (n=10) were prepared, each receiving a specific surface treatment prior to composite resin repair. The control group received no treatment. Experimental groups were treated as follows: air abrasion (group A), air abrasion with hydrofluoric acid (group B), air abrasion with universal adhesive (group C), air abrasion, hydrofluoric acid, and adhesive (group D), silane (group E), and a combination of all treatments (group F). Shear bond strength tests and failure mode analyses were conducted. Results: All surface treatments significantly improved bond strength compared to the control group (9.89 ± 3.62). Group F showed the highest bond strength (23.62 ± 2.90) and mainly cohesive failures. Group A showed a bond strength of 19.41 ± 4.70, with more adhesive failures. The control group exhibited only adhesive failures. Conclusion: The combination of air abrasion, hydrofluoric acid, universal adhesive, and silane yielded the highest bond strength and cohesive failure pattern, emphasizing the importance of complex surface treatments to optimize adhesion and long-term stability in dental restorations.Item Efecto del espesor y material Cad/Cam en la resistencia a la fatiga de molares tratados endodónticamente restaurados con carillas oclusales(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-06-18) Salto Ortiz, David Gustavo; Delgado Gaete, Bolívar AndrésEndodontically treated teeth lose a certain amount of healthy dental tissue to make the preparations, which must comply with the thicknesses indicated by the manufacturer to guarantee their resistance. General Objective: To evaluate the influence of the thickness and type of material on fracture resistance in endodontically treated teeth (ETT) restored with occlusal veneers (OV). Materials and methods: 60 dental organs extracted by orthodontics or periodontics were included and divided into control group, Cerasmart 0.5-0.6mm group, Cerasmart 1.5-1.6mm group, Celtraduo 0.5-0.6mm group and Celtraduo 1.5-1.6mm group. The experimental groups were prepared according to the aforementioned thicknesses. A Kruskal-Wallis test was performed, for post hoc data the T3 Dunnett test was performed. Results: The experimental group that presented the highest value was G. CeltraDuo 1.5- 1.6mm with 618.21 newton, followed by Cerasmart 1.5-1.6mm with 579.14 newton. Between the control and CeltraDuo 0.5-0.6mm groups there was a significant difference p=0.025. Conclusion: Evaluation of restoration thickness revealed that increased restoration thickness does not influence the fracture resistance of endodontically treated premolars.Item Efecto del composite reforzado con fibras cortas y con fibras de polietileno sobre la resistencia a la fractura en premolares endodónticamente tratados(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-06-04) Armijos Freire, Sandra Daniela; Abad Salinas, Yulissa RaquelBackground: Previous studies have shown that endodontically treated teeth are at critically higher risk of fracture compared to vital teeth because tissue loss compromises the structural strength of the endodontically treated tooth. Objective: To determine the effect of short fiberreinforced composite and polyethylene fibers on fracture resistance in endodontically treated premolars, period 2023-2024. Methods: An in vitro cohort study was conducted with 40 maxillary premolars, of which 10 formed the control group (G4). Thirty teeth underwent endodontic treatment, standardized cavity preparations, and were divided into three restorative groups: (G1) Ribbond polyethylene fibers with flowable composite resin, (G2) Ribbond polyethylene fibers plus short fiber-reinforced composite, and (G3) only short fiberreinforced composite, with 10 teeth in each group. An oblique compressive load (30°) was applied until fracture. Results: Results show that intact premolars (control group, G4) showed the highest fracture resistance with an average of 440,710 ± 28,147 N. Among the experimental groups, the Ribbond fiber + everX Posterior group (G2) obtained the highest resistance (330,710 ± 27,475 N), followed by the everX Posterior group (G3) with 257,934 ± 57,124 N. The differences between the restored groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05), indicating a consistent variation in fracture resistance depending on the material used. The Weibull distribution reflected that group G2 presented the highest reliability (m = 11.644). Conclusion: The combination of Ribbond fiber with everX Posterior (G2) showed the highest strength, while Ribbond fiber alone (G1) had the lowest.Item Determinación social del edentulismo en pacientes adultos mayores de 60 años del hogar Miguel León, provincia del Azuay en el periodo 2024-2025(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-06-02) Benalcázar Arias, María Verónica; Villavicencio Caparó, EbingenBackground: Over the years, instruments have been developed to measure patients' quality of life through surveys that identify issues related to dental disorders. The lack of dental care among older adults contributes to a decline in their quality of life. Objective: Analyze the integration of the narrative on the quality of life associated with edentulism and related to the different social classes of the elderly at the Miguel León Home, in the province of Azuay, during the period 2024-2025. Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted involving 22 older adults. Interviews were administered covering categories such as experiences, feelings, emotions, and education. Additionally, the Oral Health Impact Profile for Edentulous Patients (OHIP EDENT) and a Social Integration Questionnaire were used. Qualitative data were processed using Atlas.ti 7, while quantitative data were analyzed with SPSS version 25. Results: Participants reported various perceptions regarding the causes of their dental loss, attributing it to excessive candy consumption and a lack of dental care in childhood. The results showed predominant physical limitations, especially in terms of pain and functional incapacity, with greater difficulties reported by widowed participants. Educational level also influenced the perception of impacts. Conclusion: The narratives of older adults align with the results of the OHIP questionnaire, revealing that edentulism and the use of dental prostheses negatively affect quality of life. The impact of edentulism varied significantly according to social class.Item Estabilidad de color de las resinas impresas 3D para restauraciones provisionales usando diferentes tiempos de postcurado, sometidas a envejecimiento acelerado y tinciones pigmentantes(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-28) Jaramillo Cobos, Darwin Fabricio; Cordero Asanza, Blasco Daniel3D printing technology has simplified the dental production process by using various types of resin to create temporary restorations. However, the color stability of 3D resins is a factor to be taken into account. Objective: determine the color stability of 3D printed resins for temporary restorations using different post-curing times, subjected to accelerated aging and pigment stains. Materials and methods: Samples of bisacryl resin discs (control) and 3D resins with dimensions of 10 mm diameter x 1 mm (Prizzma, Horus) were obtained. They were then subjected to a post-curing process for 3 different photocuring times: 5, 10 and 15 minutes, then accelerated aging by thermocycling of 10,000 cycles. Subsequently, each group was immersed in two pigmenting substances: coffee and Coca-Cola for 24 hours, 7 and 30 days. To finally, using a dental spectrophotometer (Easyshade 4.0) color was measured. Results: When comparing color stability within the group of resins in the passage from the initial point to thermocycling (D1), Day 1 (D2), Day 7 (D7) and Day 30 (D4); (Kruskal-Wallis p = 0.003, p = 0.063, p = 0.008, p = 0.000) respectively, finding a significant difference showing that the Horus resin group was the most stable. Conclusions: Horus resin stood out as the most stable among the three analyzed (Horus, Bisacril and Prizma), showing less susceptibility to color changes. Although in the initial phase (D1) Bisacril and Prizma maintained their color, Horus presented significant differences in later phases (D2- D4), evidencing greater color stability.Item Resistencia a la fractura y el modo de falla de coronas atornilladas incisivas de resina impresa en 3D y zirconio en bases de titanio largas y cortas en implantes de conexión cónica(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-16) Pérez Recalde, Ana Monserrath; Ruiz Delgado, Emilio AndrésThe fracture resistance of screw-retained implant-supported crowns is critical for the long-term success of dental restorations, and both abutment design and material cansignificantly influence their mechanical performance. This study, conducted during 2023–2024, aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance and failure modes of crowns made from 3D-printed resin and zirconia mounted on titanium abutments of two heights: 4 mm (short) and 6mm (long). Forty crowns were fabricated and divided into four groups: Group 1 (resin on 4 mmabutments), Group 2 (resin on 6 mm abutments), Group 3 (zirconia on 4 mm abutments), andGroup 4 (zirconia on 6 mm abutments). All specimens underwent fracture resistance testing,and results were analyzed using the Student’s t-test. Zirconia crowns showed significantlyhigher fracture resistance than 3D-printed resin crowns (p < 0.001), with Group 4 (zirconia +6 mm abutment) displaying the highest mean fracture strength (940.711 N ± 28.147), whileGroup 1 (resin + 4 mm abutment) had the lowest (282.912 N ± 41.351). F values of 1257.725and 2777.538 for the 4 mm and 6 mm abutments, respectively, confirmed the statisticalsignificance. Additionally, the Weibull analysis indicated greater reliability in zirconia crowns,particularly in Group 4, which showed the highest Weibull modulus (m = 30.812), reflectingsuperior structural stability. In conclusion, both zirconia and 3D-printed resin crowns exceededphysiological load thresholds, confirming their suitability for implant-supported anteriorrestorations. However, longer abutments are especially recommended for resin crowns tooptimize fracture resistance and overall performance.Item Efecto del termociclado sobre la resistencia flexural de resinas impresas 3D con relleno cerámico(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-05-05) Durán Urdiales, Daniela Belén; Gil Pozo, Jenny AlexandraObjective: To determine the effect of thermocycling on the flexural strength of 5 types of ceramic-filled 3D printed resin and to estimate their reliability using the Weibull distribution. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 bar-shaped samples (2x2x12mm) were created from 5 different types of 3D printed composite resins: VSC; FL; SC and SOT, and a milled BC composite resin as a control group. Samples of each material were divided into two groups (n=10): T0 (0 cycles) and T1 (10,000 cycles), which simulated 1 year of clinical aging. Subsequently, the samples were subjected to a 3-point flexural strength test in a universal testing machine. Results: For both T0 and T1 samples, the control group presented the highest flexural strength values. At T0, the printed resin with the highest flexural strength was SC. In T1 samples, the printed resin with the highest flexural strength was SOT. The only resin that showed a statistically significant difference between samples T0 and T1 was SC. The 3D printed VSC resin showed higher Weibull modulus values at T1. Conclusions: The milled composite resin had higher flexural strength values compared to the 3D printed resins. Thermocycling had no effect on the flexural strength of the evaluated materials, except for the 3D printed SC resin. The reliability of the 3D printed VSC, SC, and FL resins was affected by thermocycling.Item Prevalencia de osteoartrosis de acuerdo con las clases esqueletales en pacientes de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca, un estudio retrospectivo(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-04-30) Cárdenas Gómez, Elvita Paola; Romero Rodríguez, Valeria PaulinaBackground: Previous studies have shown that subjects with malocclusions have a significantly higher prevalence of temporomandibular disorders than subjects without malocclusions. Among temporomandibular disorders, osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease that affects cartilage and subchondral bone, mainly involving chondrocyte death, extracellular matrix degradation, and subchondral bone modification. Objective: To determine the frequency of osteoarthritis and skeletal class using cone beam tomography and lateral head radiographs of patients who attended the Department of Imaging of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Cuenca during the period 2017-2023. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 402 temporomandibular joints analyzed by cone beam tomography and lateral head radiographs. Once the data was obtained, the information was processed in the SPSS statistical program. Results: It was found that 31.1% of the temporomandibular joints analyzed presented osteoarthritis, finding that 7.5% of these presented grade I osteoarthritis and 23.6% grade II. Of the total number of patients with grade I osteoarthritis, 0.7% had skeletal class I, 6.5% class II and 0.2% class III. On the other hand, of the total number of patients with grade II osteoarthritis, 4.2% of the patients presented skeletal class I, 19.2% class II and 0.2% class III. Conclusions: It was found that the majority of patients with osteoarthritis presented skeletal class two. Finding an association between osteoarthritis and skeletal class.Item Prevalencia de osteoartrosis usando Cone Beam en pacientes de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca un estudio retrospectivo(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-04-28) Astudillo Uchupaille, Andrea Michelle; Palacios Astudillo, Iván AndrésBackground: The results of epidemiological studies on the prevalence of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis vary due to the existence of different diagnostic criteria for the condition. Alzahrani et al. in 2020 found that the prevalence of osteoarthritis using cone beam computed tomography analysis was 65.5% in American individuals. Objective: To determine the prevalence of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis using CONE BEAM in patients from the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Cuenca during the period 2017-2023. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study was carried out, where a total of 201 CT scans obtained in the imaging department of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Cuenca during the period 2017-2023 were evaluated, that is, a total of 402 temporomandibular joints were analyzed, in which certain imaging characteristics such as subarticular bone erosion, joint flattening, osteophytes, subchondral cysts, and sclerosis were analyzed. Results: According to the prevalence of osteoarthritis, it was obtained that 31.1% of the CT scans analyzed were diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Observing that of the total number of patients with osteoarthritis, 8.5% were men and 22.6% were women. Of the joints analyzed, 27.3% had osteophytes, 7.4% erosion, and 17.4% pseudocysts. Conclusion: Finally, it was found that less than half of the joints analyzed presented osteoarthritis, showing that the female sex was the most affected, as well as ages between 18 and 28 years.Item Asociación del tamaño de la vía aérea superior y presencia de osteoartritis en estudios de haz cónico Cone Beam del departamento de radiología de la Universidad de Cuenca. Un estudio retrospectivo(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-04-21) Guamán Camacho, Jackeline Cecibel; Bravo Torres, Wilson DanielOsteoarthrosis of the temporomandibular joint (OA TMJ) is considered the most common and slowly progressive joint disease 1. Its prevalence ranges from 17.97% - 77.23% 2. OA TMJ and airway appear to have a bidirectional association, when there is severe destruction of the condyle generated by OA TMJ, it is possible to clinically present a retrognathic mandible and a hyperdivergent facial profile and decreased airway dimensions3. The aim is to associate upper airway volume with the presence of osteoarthritis in cone beam tomographic studies of the Radiology Department of the University of Cuenca. Materials and methods: 201 tomographic studies (402 results), aged 18 to 65 years, were analyzed for the presence of OA ATM (Wilkes criteria) and then for airway volume (Romexis ® 6.4.1. Planmeca). Results: Women are more predisposed, with 91 affected condyles (22.6%). Of these, 45 (73.8%) present osteoarthrosis in the right condyle and 46 (71.9%) in the left. The left condyle was the most affected with 64 (31.8%). The airway volume in people with OA: right condyle nasopharynx 3495.2±1268.3cm³, oropharynx 9321.8±4577.7cm³ and laryngopharynx of 3045.7 ±1218.0cm³ and in the left nasopharynx 3636.7±1421.4cm3, oropharynx 9346.7±4512.3cm³ and laryngopharynx 3005.9±1223.8cm3. Conclusions: Females have a greater predilection for presenting with TMJ OA, with an age range of 18-28 years, with the left condyle being the one with the greatest predilection compared to the right. Patients with osteoarthrosis presented significant reductions in upper airway volumes.Item Prevalencia del conducto medio mesial en primeros molares inferiores permanentes mediante evaluación tomográfica computarizada de haz cónico disponibles en el departamento de imagenología de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca. 2015-2023(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-04-03) Pando Vargas, Gabriela Soledad; Idrovo Heredia, Gabriela ElizabethIntroduction: Generally, the lower first molar presents three root canals (CR): two mesial (M) and one distal (D); however, it may present an additional RC in the distal root, an isthmus within the mesial root, or a third canal in that root known as the mesial medial canal (MMC). Objective: To determine the prevalence of the MMC in permanent lower first molars evaluated through Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) available in the Imaging Department of the School of Dentistry at the University of Cuenca (UC) during the period from 2015 to 2023. Materials and Methods: The analyzed CBCTs were 517 (1034 teeth); to improve spatial resolution, the Zoom Reconstruction function was used, establishing a voxel of 160 μm and a field of view (FOV) of 50 mm x 50 mm. The image was oriented in the three planes: axial, sagittal, and coronal, according to the longitudinal axis of the mesial root, and in the axial cut, an initial path was traced from the cervical third to the apical third to determine its presence or absence; in case of its presence, the molar in which it was located was established. Results: The prevalence of the MMC was 11.22%, with the tooth 3.6 having the highest prevalence. Conclusions: The prevalence according to the participants' sex did not show a statistically significant difference, but regarding age, the results showed significantly different data, with the younger group having the highest prevalence.Item Estudio in vitro comparativo de los sistemas de obturación termoplastificada utilizando la técnica de onda continua(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-01-13) Galindo González, Daniel Esteban; Abad Barrionuevo, María AlexandraA good sealing is a key requirement for the success of endodontic treatment. In endodontic therapy, the cleaning and shaping of the root canals is aimed at the complete removal of pulp tissue, in order to obtain a proper seal of the root canal. An incomplete sealing of the root canal system can: jeopardize the success of the root canal treatment, it is related to the development of periapical pathologies that can be considered as a failure of endodontic treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of three-dimensional sealing in the cervical, middle and apical thirds of the root canal system between Beefill 2in1 (VDW, Germany) and FastPack/FastFill (Eighteeth, Changzhou, China) equipment for thermoplasticized filling using the continuous wave technique by means of an in vitro study. In this in-vitro experimental research, 46 single-root bovine incisors were used, which were divided into 23 teeth for each group, in all samples the same protocol of preparation, conformation, irrigation and ultrasonic activation was performed. For Group 1, the teeth were filled with the Beefill 2in1 system (VDW, Germany) and for group 2, the teeth were filled with FastPack/FastFill equipment (Eighteeth, Changzhou, China), using the continuous wave thermoplasticized filling technique for both groups, then cross-sections were made in the cervical, middle and apical third to be observed under a stereo microscope. The results of the study showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the two systems.Item Comparación del sellado del conducto radicular con la técnica de obturación de condensación lateral y cono único, usando cemento biocerámico y a base de resina epóxica(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-01-13) Saldaña Ayala, María Gabriela; Intriago Morales, Ruth VivianaRoot canal obturation is crucial for the success of endodontic treatment. This study compares the lateral condensation technique with the single cone technique, using bioceramic cement (BioRoot Flow) and epoxy-based cement (AH Plus Sealer). The experimental in vitro design involved 72 bovine teeth, divided into four groups: G1, single cone technique with bioceramic cement; G2, single cone with epoxy cement; G3, lateral condensation with epoxy cement; and G4, lateral condensation with bioceramic cement. The teeth were cleaned and standardized to 18 mm. After chemomechanical preparation of the canals, obturation was performed using the selected technique and cement, sealed with glass ionomer cement, and incubated in saline solution at 37°C for 48 hours. The roots were then submerged in 1% methylene blue for 72 hours to assess apical microleakage, followed by a longitudinal sectioning that allowed observation under a stereomicroscope and measurement of dye penetration, categorized based on the depth of leakage. The results showed that G1 exhibited the least microleakage (1-3 mm), while G4 performed the worst (≥ 5 mm). Significant differences were found between G1 and G2 (p = 0.037), as well as between G1 and G4 (p = 0.001). G2 and G3, which used epoxy-based cement, did not show significant differences between them. In conclusion, the single cone technique with BioRoot Flow bioceramic cement demonstrated superior performance.Item Análisis del espacio disponible para colocación de mini implantes en paladar y sus factores asociados en CBCTS obtenidas de pacientes atendidos en el Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas Orthodentmb CIA. LTDA en la ciudad de Cuenca – Ecuador en el periodo diciembre 2022 - mayo 2024(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-01-07) Ávila Carrasco, Jéssica Maribel; Bravo Calderón, Diego MauricioBackground: The palate is one of the regions where the use and placement of mini-implants in orthodontics has been most frequently described, reducing treatment times and benefiting patients and orthodontists. Objective: To determine the thicknesses of palatal hard tissue available for mini-implant placement in the palate and its associated factors in CBCTs obtained from patients treated at Orthodentm Cia. Ltda in Cuenca - Ecuador. Materials and methods: CBCT images of 352 patients were used in this study. The thicknesses of palatal hard tissue were measured at the coronal planes of first premolars, second premolars, first molars and second molars (planes P1, P2, M1 and M2, respectively). Results: The hard tissue was thickest in the P1 plane, followed by the P2, M1 and M2 planes. Premolar planes presented a V-shaped pattern, being thickest in the P1 plane; However, at the level of the molars there is an inverse V pattern, the hard tissue was thickest at point P0, and its thickness decreasing distally. Conclusions: The thicknesses of palatal hard tissue decreased in an anteroposterior direction; it increased from medial to lateral in the P1 and P2 planes. The safest areas for the placement of mini-implants are considered: at the premorals planes, 10mm distal from the midline bilaterally, and at the molars planes in the middle part of the palate (P0).Item Resistencia a la tensión del dique de goma de varios espesores posterior a la esterilización(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-11-27) Guzmán Rojas, Mariuxi Cecibel; Astudillo Rubio, Daniela AndreaRubber dams play a crucial role in endodontics by isolating a tooth or group of teeth during dental procedures, effectively excluding moisture and oral contaminants during the endodontic treatment. This isolation creates a barrier and contributes to an aseptic field, thereby enhancing clinical outcomes and patient safety. Proper sterilization of rubber dams is essential to prevent cross-contamination and maintain material integrity, promoting a clean environment. The present study aimed to evaluate the tensile strength of rubber dams in two thicknesses following sterilization. A total of 60 perforated samples were divided into four groups of 15 units each. Two groups served as controls without autoclaving: Group 1 (0.13 mm) and Group 3 (0.20 mm). The remaining two groups underwent autoclaving: Group 2 (0.13 mm) and Group 4 (0.20 mm). The sterilization process involved a temperature of 121°C, a sterilization time of 20 minutes, a drying time of 20 minutes, and 2 atmospheres during a complete 40-minute cycle. A Shimadzu Latín América S.A model AGX-1kn Series Universal/Tensile Testing machine with Trapezium Lite software was employed to measure the tensile strength. The control groups (Groups 1 and 3) demonstrated superior tensile strength performance compared to the autoclaved groups (Groups 2 and 4). The autoclaved rubber dams exhibited a lower average tensile strength and less consistent resultsItem Estudio comparativo in vitro del nivel de microfiltración coronal en restauraciones provisionales que usan politetrafluoroetileno (PTFE) como espaciador a diferentes espesores(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-11-26) González Pesántez, María de los Ángeles; Kun Astudillo, Kenia KarenMicroleakage is considered one of the main factors associated with root canal (CR) treatment failure, it can be caused by defective coronal restorations, dental fractures, recurrent caries and lack of marginal integrity in the restoration. It is essential that the clinician performs an adequate temporary filling of the tooth during or at the end of the endodontic treatment. Endodontic spacers, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and cotton, are used to prevent recontamination and provide adequate temporary restoration. The objective of this study was to compare the degree of coronal microleakage in provisional Cavit restorations with a thickness of 3.5mm that use PTFE as a spacer at different thicknesses. This quantitative and experimental in vitro study was carried out in the microbiology and dentistry laboratories of the University of Cuenca. 72 lower incisors of cattle divided into 3 groups in which Teflon pellets of different thicknesses were applied and 1 cotton group were used as a control to evaluate the microleakage of E. faecalis by means of a microbial filtration model within 21 days. The results showed statistically significant differences between the groups when evaluating colony-forming units (CFUs), there were no differences between the days of filtration between the groups. In addition, it was not possible to establish a relationship between the leak days and the UFC. This study shows the superiority in the sealing capacity of PTFE when compared to cotton when used as spacers in temporary restorations.Item Eficacia de irrigación de dos sistemas ultrasónicos y dos sónicos en la remoción de debris en dientes bovinos(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-10-03) Castillo Cárdenas, Jessica Viviana; Ortiz Garay, Elida MagalyIntroduction: Irrigation is an essential part of debridement as it allows cleaning of the root canal system. Current methods for removing smear layer are sonic and ultrasonic activation. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of irrigation between two ultrasonic and two sonic systems in removing debris in bovine teeth. Materials and methods: An in vitro experimental study was performed using 92 bovine teeth sectioned at 16 mm in length, the samples werewere instrumented with Flexofile k files up to a diameter of #60,The teeth were divided and a groove was prepared in the apical third and filled with dentin remains, the halves were reassembled and 4 groups were formed (n= 23), group 1= ultrasonic irrigation (Newtron), group 2= ultrasonic irrigation (Ultra X), group 3=Sonic Irrigation (Endo Activator)and group 4=Sonic Irrigation (Easydo activator)), each group was irrigated with 8ml ofNaOCl 5.25%, irrigant activation was 3 cycles of 20 seconds each. Result: Statistically significant differences were found between group 1 and group 3 (p-value = 0.045 < 0.05) and between group 1 and group 4 (p-value = 0.004 < 0.05). Significant differences were also found between group 2 and group 4 (p-value = 0.008 < 0.05). Conclusions: Both ultrasonic systems demonstrated greater efficacy in removing debris in bovine teeth compared to sonic systems.Item Nivel de conocimiento del manejo de trauma dental en odontólogos en Cuenca-Ecuador, basado en los protocolos de la Asociación Internacional de Trauma Dental, en el período 2023(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-09-20) Peñafiel Rodríguez, María Victoria; Tapia Calle, Jaime VicenteTraumatic dental injuries represent a significant portion of aesthetic and morphological damage affecting both primary and permanent dentition, in addition to generating adverse effects on the development of occlusion, pain, decreased functionality and psychosocial problems for the patient. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) has established four protocols for the proper management of such traumas. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the level of knowledge of dentists in Cuenca, Ecuador, regarding the management of dental trauma, taking the IADT protocols as reference. An evaluation was carried out using a 12-question questionnaire addressed to 252 dentists registered in the Azuay College of Dentists, during the period from October to December 2023. It was found that there is an adequate level of knowledge, with a significant association between This knowledge and the professional's specialty (p-value = 0,038) also influence the work practice environment (p-value = 0,018), the number of cases treated in the last 12 months (p-value = 0,005) and the self-report of knowledge about dental trauma (p-value < 0,001). It is recommended to reinforce knowledge in specific areas such as lateral dislocation, bone fracture, storage methods for avulsed teeth, avulsion with closed apex and splint duration in cases of avulsion without bone fracture and subluxation.