Fonoaudiología

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Browsing Fonoaudiología by Subject "Aislamiento social"

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    Prevalencia de hipoacusia según audiometría tonal liminal en pacientes que acudieron al área de Audiología del Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, Azogues, Enero-Diciembre del 2021
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-03-28) Cárdenas Llivisaca, Adriana Gabriela; Piedra Tito, María Belén; Vanegas Bravo, Marcia Alexandra
    Background: hearing loss is due to multiple etiologies, its prevalence is not determined in our environment and is not only consider a public health problem, but also affects human beings in the emotional, social, cognitive and physical spheres, therefore, its early audiological diagnosis would improve the quality of life of users; Official figures have been considered, such as the WHO, which reports that by the year 2050, it is expected that almost 2,500,000,000 people will have some degree of hearing loss and at least 700 million will require rehabilitation. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hearing loss according to liminal tone audiometry in patients who attended the Audiology area of the Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital, Azogues, period January-December 2021. Methodology: The descriptive - retrospective method was applied and the quantitative variables were analyzed with central tendency statistics (mean, median and mode) and the results are presented through tables, prepared in the SPSS software version 2022. Results: Men with (56.5%) have a higher prevalence of hearing loss, and the distribution by age showed a higher incidence in older adults (36.9%). Participants were mainly from urban areas (67.1%). Professionally, the majority were employees (51.5%). Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss was more common (7.2%) than unilateral hearing loss (1.7%). Conductive hearing loss affected 7.6%, while mixed hearing loss affected 38.8%. Conclusion: The prevalence of hearing loss at the Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital in the period January-December 2021 is 58.6%.
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    Retraso del lenguaje en niños de escuelas fiscales, sector Yanuncay, nacidos durante la pandemia SARS-CoV- 2. Cuenca 2024 - 2025
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-03-10) Llivisaca Mejia, Liliana Elizabeth; Pulla Palacios, Luis David; Quito Vidal, María Paz
    Background: the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and containment measures affected social interaction, which increased risk factors like lack of stimulation and exposed children to challenges in language acquisition. Language delay is one of the most common disorders in childhood, and there is little research on children born during the pandemic. Goals: to determine the frequency of language delay in children from public schools in the area of Yanuncay, born during the 2024-2025 pandemic, and associated risk factors. Methods: quantitative cross-sectional study featuring 105 first-grade children from Ciudad de Cuenca, Fray Vicente Solano and Otto Arosemena Gómez schools in the area of Yanuncay in the 2024-2025 school year. A survey and the Preschool Language Test (PLS-5) were applied. Results: language delay affected 62.9% of the participants: mild language delay was the most common (43.8) in the 5 to 5 years and 6 months’ age group (30.5%), males (22.9%) from urban areas (31.4%), with stimulation less than once a week (23.8%) and less than one hour of screen time per day (25.7%), with parents employed in the private sector (16.2%), middle class (23.8%), and medium isolation levels during the pandemic (22.9%). Conclusion: data shows a significant correlation between the occurrence of language delay and factors like male sex, residence, parents’ occupation, economic level, isolation during the pandemic, exposure to screens, and stimulation.