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Browsing Especializaciones by Subject "Articulación temporomandibular"

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    Prevalencia de osteoartrosis de acuerdo con las clases esqueletales en pacientes de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca, un estudio retrospectivo
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-04-30) Cárdenas Gómez, Elvita Paola; Romero Rodríguez, Valeria Paulina
    Background: Previous studies have shown that subjects with malocclusions have a significantly higher prevalence of temporomandibular disorders than subjects without malocclusions. Among temporomandibular disorders, osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease that affects cartilage and subchondral bone, mainly involving chondrocyte death, extracellular matrix degradation, and subchondral bone modification. Objective: To determine the frequency of osteoarthritis and skeletal class using cone beam tomography and lateral head radiographs of patients who attended the Department of Imaging of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Cuenca during the period 2017-2023. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 402 temporomandibular joints analyzed by cone beam tomography and lateral head radiographs. Once the data was obtained, the information was processed in the SPSS statistical program. Results: It was found that 31.1% of the temporomandibular joints analyzed presented osteoarthritis, finding that 7.5% of these presented grade I osteoarthritis and 23.6% grade II. Of the total number of patients with grade I osteoarthritis, 0.7% had skeletal class I, 6.5% class II and 0.2% class III. On the other hand, of the total number of patients with grade II osteoarthritis, 4.2% of the patients presented skeletal class I, 19.2% class II and 0.2% class III. Conclusions: It was found that the majority of patients with osteoarthritis presented skeletal class two. Finding an association between osteoarthritis and skeletal class.
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    Prevalencia de osteoartrosis usando Cone Beam en pacientes de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca un estudio retrospectivo
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-04-28) Astudillo Uchupaille, Andrea Michelle; Palacios Astudillo, Iván Andrés
    Background: The results of epidemiological studies on the prevalence of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis vary due to the existence of different diagnostic criteria for the condition. Alzahrani et al. in 2020 found that the prevalence of osteoarthritis using cone beam computed tomography analysis was 65.5% in American individuals. Objective: To determine the prevalence of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis using CONE BEAM in patients from the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Cuenca during the period 2017-2023. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative study was carried out, where a total of 201 CT scans obtained in the imaging department of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Cuenca during the period 2017-2023 were evaluated, that is, a total of 402 temporomandibular joints were analyzed, in which certain imaging characteristics such as subarticular bone erosion, joint flattening, osteophytes, subchondral cysts, and sclerosis were analyzed. Results: According to the prevalence of osteoarthritis, it was obtained that 31.1% of the CT scans analyzed were diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Observing that of the total number of patients with osteoarthritis, 8.5% were men and 22.6% were women. Of the joints analyzed, 27.3% had osteophytes, 7.4% erosion, and 17.4% pseudocysts. Conclusion: Finally, it was found that less than half of the joints analyzed presented osteoarthritis, showing that the female sex was the most affected, as well as ages between 18 and 28 years.