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Preparaciones dentarias en prótesis fija dentosoportada: revisión sistemática
(2013) Gil Pozo, Jenny Alexandra; Abad Coronel, Cristian Gustavo
The principles of tooth preparation are commonly as: biological, biomechanical an aesthetic. Biological factors are influencing the health of periodontal tissues and pulp, the biomechanical (or technical) will affect the integrity and durability of the restorations, and aesthetic factors are related to the natural appearance of the restorations. These principles are routinely modified to suit various clinical situations. Proper tooth preparation intended to prosthodontics treatment should allow successful reproduction of anatomical contours and emergence profiles. Besides providing an appropiate thickness for each type of structure, without exceeding the limitations of each material as well as maintain the biological integrity of the related tissues
Evaluación del grado de filtración apical en conductos vestibulares de molares superiores obturados con técnica de condensación lateral, cono único Mtwo y una combinación de ambas
(2013) Alvear Rueda, Iliana Patricia; Pinos Vélez, Katherine Bélgica; Alvarado Cordero, Jacinto José
The purpose of this study was to compare the apical sealing ability of three different obturation techniques, lateral condensation, single cone and a combination of both. Ninety buccal molar root canals were used in this study and were divided into three groups of 30 canals (15 mesial, 15 distal ) for the different techniques. The distal and mesial canals were instrumented with Mtwo rotary system following the sequence recommended by the manufacturer to achieve a 25/06 file. Canals of group 1 were obturated with single cone technique 25/06, group 2 was sealed with lateral condensation technique, master cone 25/02 and accessory cones N. 15, and group 3 sealed with master cone Mtwo 25/06 and accessory cones N.15. The sample was subjected to a clearing technique and placed on methylene blue for 3 days to quantify the dye penetration into the apical 3mm and quantify the results on a 0-3 scale. This scale represents the minimum and maximum value of leakage, their equivalents are: 0 = no leakage, 1 = apical leakage in the first apical millimeter, 2 = apical leakage in the second apical millimeter, 3 = apical leakage in the third apical millimeter. ANOVA test was used to determine the difference in microleakage between groups and Tukeytest to pairwise differences. Our results showed 90% of microleakage in single cone sample and 93.3% in the sample positive framework for microleakage in the hybrid technique while the lowest values were observed in the lateral condensation technique (p < 0.05) No significant difference was found between sealing in mesial and distal roots of the same group and comparing them with other groups (p>0 .05)
Rehabilitación de dientes tratados endodónticamente: revisión sistemática
(2013) Vallejo Vélez, Karla Elizabeth; Erik Dreyer
A tooth with endodontic therapy had lost structure lost as a result of previous restorations, tooth decay, and preparation for access to endodontic therapy. Consequently, a tooth without pulp requires a restoration that conserve and protect the remaining tooth´s structure. Although there are many new materials available for the restoration of pulpless teeth, the prognosis is based mainly on the application of the principles of biomechanics that determines the selection of materials used for restoration. The present systematic review has as aims to present the state of the art of the rehabilitation treatment on teeth with Endodontic therapy in order to make correct prosthetic procedures. For this we will make a search for articles related to prosthetic restoration of teeth with endodontic therapy, based on the biomechanical behavior, amount of remaining tissue, restoration types and types and indications Intraradicular posts. Among the factors to consider placing a post is the endodontic apical seal preserve and to hold the stump manufactures materials today, with composite resins. Biological preparation must possess a ferrule of 2 mm over the entire periphery of the preparation. This design provides an axial wall that provides resistance to compressive flexos requirements. With this systematic review has as aims to reach a protocol for rehabilitation of teeth with endodontic therapy that is clinically useful as a means of education in general dentistry colleagues
Comparación in vitro del desgaste en el tercio cervical entre las fresas la Axxess y Gates Glidden en raíces mesio vestibulares de primeros molares inferiores
(2013) Pilco Ordoñez, María Fernanda; Astudillo Ortiz, Esteban Andrés
A factor to take in consideration for a successful endodontic treatment is an accurate preparation of the third mesiobucal canal of the mandibular first molars. First of all, an in vitro study was performed to compare the removal dentin produced by Gates Glidden (GG) and LA Axxess (LA) drills on the thinnest layer of the dentin thickness measure in the risk area. Ninety mesiobucal canals of the mandibular first molars were randomly categorized into two groups, each group, of 45 canals; the roots were sectioned at 3mm from the cementoenamel junction. In addition, CT–scan images were captured, and the dentin thickness was measured in milimetres before and after the instrumentation with the QR NNT 2.21 software. In fact, date were statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test. LA Axxess drills showed more removal on dentin thickness of the cervical mesiobucal canal than the Gates Glidden drills, although, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.009). Hence, it is concluded that the use of either of the two tested drills renders similar result.
Registro de relaciones intermaxilares en prótesis fija: revisión sistemática
(2013) Cáceres Carpio, José Xavier; Dreyer, Erik
With the development of this project will provide information necessary to identify and evaluate techniques for recording jaw relationships, oral rehabilitation relevant procedure for obtaining a precise occlusion. Given that, the correct uses of the techniques reduce intraoral adjustments and therefore the surgical time, as well as patient comfort, while maintaining a stable relationship skeletal muscle. (Squier 2004). Given the existence of different materials and instruments, science has tried to minimize this discrepancy own materials and standardized protocols for operators and get predictable results. In this project we review basic concepts for making or recording jaw relations and their application in different clinical cases, with the proper use of the articulator mounting techniques models and bite registration. Intermaxillary relations are three-dimensional, position variations can occur in the vertical, horizontal and sagittal, and records must be able to reproduce it, however, to relate the upper and lower dental models, the final accuracy depends on the dimensional stability of materials.(Prasad2011). This test is performed in order to implement a registration protocol Oral Rehabilitation patients and create awareness about the recording techniques jaw relationships and their impact on the outcome of treatment, which also values the importance of using instruments that facilitate communication dental technician on the status and relationship of the jaws, considering that this registration is made after having found and specified the stable skeletal muscle
Cementación en prótesis fija dento-soportada
(2013) Mora Oleas, Mariana Dolores; Córdova Aldana, Christian
Cementation understood as a clinical process aimed at the physics, chemistry or physical chemistry union between tooth substrate and indirect restorations, has undergone a significant change due to technological advances in dentistry. The choice of different dental materials used in indirect restorations cementation of metal, ceramic or resinous, the professional is a requirement for more effective treatments and in turn greater aesthetic and functional satisfaction for patients. The objetive of this project, is the develop a thorough theoretical study of the types, materials and cementing clinical protocols, as well as the preparation of the substrates and the respective dental restorations. An investigation of this nature will be a source of valid and reliable knowledge for the proper selection of different cementing agents, this will help to achieve effective practice and quality health care for our patients
Restauraciones provisionales en prótesis fija: revisión sistemática
(2013) Astudillo Rubio, Daniela Andrea; Abad Coronel, Cristian Gustavo
A systematic review of the literature was conducted through a search in digital databases on updates about the different materials used in the manufacture of provisional restorations. The comprehensive review of the literature was conducted in the period from March 2012 to March 2013, to provide contemporary scientific guidance on the subject. Reference publications were used as scientific articles, clinical and in vitro studies were found to carry out searches in Medline and Cochrane, articles published from 1970 to the present. The articles included in this review, involving topics on mechanical properties, marginal adaptation, gingival and pulpal response and color stability of different materials used in the interim treatment, which shall guide the clinical selection and processing techniques. Specific names of products and manufacturers are included in this report only when the original publications cited in the reference
Evaluación del esmalte dentario después de remover la resina residual posterior al descementado de brackets a través de dos tipos de sistemas
(2013) Herrera Gonzalez, Gerardo Rafael; Siguencia Cruz, Valeria del Rosío
An orthodontist should complete a patient’s treatment of oral tissues in optimal health conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether post treatment damage had occurred subsequent to polishing after debonding brackets. The study involved 60 extracted premolars, divided into two groups of 30, called A and B, in which high-speed tungsten-carbide bur (12-blades) were used for Group A, followed by the use of sof-lex discs, and low-speed tungsten-carbide bur (12-blades) followed by sof-lex discs were used for Group B. All teeth were examined in three stages, the first, prior to bracket placement, the second, after debonding, and the third stage, the final polishing of the enamel. The degree of damage to the enamel was determined by EDI and ARI, which were analyzed through a Microstar F1 microscope, model series OM 100 OM100F1R00008031100, as well as a PROCAM Power Supply camera, series HC220RX110110117, and through an endoDIGI software, series EN1022R0008031100 (ECLERIS). The Friedman Test, chi square, and Fisher Test was conducted to determine whether or not there were any significant differences between both groups. The following results were obtained: the use of high-speed tungsten-carbide bur had significantly increased the damage, which had in turn added to the risk of polishing damage by 2.47 over the use of low-speed tungstencarbide bur, (95% CI 1.55 to 3.94). In conclusion, the most effective polishing system is achieved with low speed tungsten-carbide bur
Esquemas oclusales de uso en prótesis fija sobre pilar dentario: revisión sistemática
(2013) Bueno Bailón, María Isabel; Córdova Aldana, Christian
A critical point in the area of oral rehabilitation, is the choice of a type of occlusal scheme for rehabilitated patient treatment, although for some authors recommend that side of occlusion depend on the patient´s ability to chew, preservation of alveolar bone, periodontal ligament and the long-term success of fixed prosthesis treataments, other authors focused on research on clinical complications in fixed prosthodontics have not found conclusive occlusion directly linking causal factor of these complications. Therefore in view of these results in a difficult spot while confusing to understand, in this analysis is to reach a consensus in finding occlusal schemes for prosthetic treatments required for each patient through an evidence-based research reliable.
Estudio in vitro de la resistencia a la tracción de tres tipos de resinas fotopolimerizables para ortodoncia, en brackets metálicos a esmalte dental humano
(2013) García Pacheco, Carlos Andrés; Siguencia Cruz, Valeria del Rosío
The purpose of this study was to determine the tensile strength of three light-cured bonding materials for metal orthodontic brackets to tooth enamel. The work included 60 samples divided into three sets of 20 teeth and subjected to tensile using the force universal tensometer Zwick Roell Z005, recording the following results: Group GrenGloo with an average of 7.57 MPa is the highest resin tensile strength, followed Transbond XT resin with an average of 7.44 MPa and finally Heliosit resin with an average tensile strength of 6.98 MPa. We used ANOVA to establish differences between the 3 groups of resins. Conclusion: The tensile strength of metal brackets cemented to human dental enamel with three resins types , showed different results in the three groups but these were not statistically significant as resin having greater tensile the GrenGloo group followed by Transbond XT and Heliosit
Análisis de Bolton en modelos de la clínica de Postgrado de Ortodoncia de la Universidad de Cuenca su frecuencia y relación con las diferentes maloclusiones periodo 2011-2013
(2013) Aguilar Novillo, Edison Román; Bravo Calderón, Manuel Estuardo
A proper diagnosis is essential to a proper orthodontic treatment plan. For this purpose, we use the patient records are, radiographs, photographs, study models and proper clinical examination. With all these data, we made a list of problems constituting orthodontic diagnosis. The major target of orthodontics are restore function and aesthetics to the patient, which is achieved by employing good diagnostic aids, within them mentioned Bolton analysis. This is a method for determining the proportion of the mesiodistal width of the permanent teeth maxillary and mandibulary, also known as size discrepancy of teeth and effect among gag. It is one of the methods used to determine the tooth size discrepancy, and so authors like Sheridan reported that 91% of orthodontists surveyed using this method at the time of measuring the size of the teeth. In this study we evaluated 77 study models in order to determine if there are discrepancies between dental arches in the anterior as well as in total by applying the rate of Bolton tooth discrepancies in study models of patients of Orthodontics of postgraduate of Faculty of Dentistry of Cuenca University during the period 2011-2013, obtaining as result that sector at lower total Bolton earlier, the percentages obtained were 50.6% and 66.2%, respectively. While in the upper the total Bolton was in 39% of cases while 27.3% earlier. The molar class obtained in this study, regardless of gender and ethnicity was 80.5% for Class I, 10.4% Class II, and 9.1% Class III, which corresponds to the left side. On the right side found the proportion was 83.1% Class I, 11.7% Class II, and 5.2% Class III
Correlación de la base del cráneo con el patrón facial y posición sagital de los maxilares en adolescentes de la provincia del Azuay
(2013) Toledo Jaramillo, Diego Fernando; Cazar Almache, Marcelo Enrique
The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of cranial base with the facial pattern and de sagital position of the jaws. Ninety lateral cephalic radiographs were selected from Ecuadorian adolescents of Azuay province with mean age of 14 years, of both genders. The anatomical design, landmark demarcation, tracing and the measurement of planes and angles were manually performed. Next, the Ricketts VERT index was used to determine the facial pattern, and the sample was distributed in three groups: (1) mesofacial, (2)dolichofacial and (3) brachyfacial. The SN and SBa planes, and the SNBa and SN-PoOr angles were the cranial base measurement considered for analysis. While the measurements of the sagittal position of the jaws used were the SNA and SNB angles. No correlations between the cranial base variables and facial pattern were observed. However, there were significant negative correlations of the SNBa angle with SNA (r= -0.441, p=0.000), SNB (r= -0.438, p=0.000) and the SN-PoOr angle with SNA (r= -0.63, p=0.000), SNB (r= -0.647 p= 0.000), and between the SN plane and the SNA angle (r= -0.231; p=0,029). There was no correlation of the SN plane with the SNB angle, neither of the SBa plane with the SNA and SNB angles
Estudio comparativo de confiabilidad y precisión entre el método de trazado cefalométrico manual con el trazado digital (Dolphin imaging v.11.0) en la radiografía cefálica lateral del cráneo
(2013) Lima Illescas, Miriam Verónica; Bravo Calderón, Manuel Estuardo
The present research is to evaluate a program of digital cephalometric tracing, Dolphin Imaging v.11.0, in terms of reliability and accuracy, relative to manual tracing method. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 30 cephalic lateral radiographs belonging to the files of Specialization Clinical Orthodontics, University of Cuenca, patients of both sexes and age range between 11 and 24 years of age, constituting examples of different types of malocclusion. Radiographas were part of two experimental groups, according to its measurement performed: Group 1) manual tracing and Group 2) digital mapping trough v.11.0 Dolphin Imaging program. To compare measurements, were selected linear and angular measurements. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0. Reproducibility between the methods was calculated by t test and reliability by Pearson correlation coefficient’s. The statistical significance level was set at 0.05. Results: All measurements for each method showed a strong correlation coefficient indicating good reproducibility of the measurements, except for L1/PM. Many of the variables show consistency between the two methods except Pg-Nper, U1/APg and L sup / SNPG. Conclusion: Overall, both methods of manual and digital cephalometric tracing are highly reliable. Although the reproducibility of the two methods show differences statistically significant, these differences more may be clinically significant
Alteraciones verticales del tercio inferior de la cara y su relación con trastornos temporomandibulares en estudiantes entre 13 y 16 años de la ciudad de Cuenca
(2013) Suconota Abril, Lourdes Cecilia; Llanes Serantes, Maribel
We performed a cross-sectional study to determine the alterations of the lower third of the face and its relation to temporomandibular disorders . 239 subjects were examined between 13, 14, 15 and 16 years old , four schools in the city of Cuenca randomly selected non-probabilistic . Clinical examination was conducted of students chosen and applied direct measurements. With clinical and functional examination determined the presence of crowding , rotations , tooth interference , premature contacts , with direct measurements were analyzed alterations of the lower third of the face by applying Legan index . The results were processed using the data package Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 15.0 ) to relate the variables set , finding that subjects with vertical changes of the lower third of the face also presented temporomandibular disorders ( α = 0.04) , there is about sex more often in females but not statistically significant compared to males. Comparisons were made with studies conducted in other regions of South America, Europe and Asia. Since in our country there are no studies of this type . The results of some of these other studies are consistent and differed from those found in the sample of students of the south of Ecuador. At the conclusion of this research it can be stated by the results of this study that malocclusions and occlusal trauma are not significantly associated with TMD, however, changes the lower third of the face of decline have a statistically significant relationship with TMD regardless of sex
Materiales y sistemas cerámicos actuales utilizados en próstesis fija: revisión sistemática de la literatura
(2013) Delgado Gaete, Bolívar Andrés; Abad Coronel, Cristian Gustavo
Objective: This Project aims to conduct a systematic review of the current literature covering the ceramic materials and systems used in fixed prostheses with respect to survival, material properties, marginal and internal fit to offer recommendations and clinical guidelines for use based on scientific evidence. Method and materials. A comprehensive literature review was completed between October 2012 to December 2012 with research that provided evidence regarding treatment of teeth with ceramic materials and systems. The search was performed using digital databases MEDLINE, PubMed and Cochrane; articles in English with a focus on evidence published between 2000 and 2012 were included. Search filters were used to limit the review, literature reviews and randomized controlled studies were included in this systematic review. All data to support or criticize the clinical application of ceramic materials and systems in terms of their survival, material properties, and marginal fit were investigated. Based on the results of this research, a guide of clinical recommendation was elaborated for the selection and application of current ceramic materials
Comparación de la durabilidad, deformación elástica y plástica de tres tipos de módulos elastoméricos en el postgrado de Ortodoncia de la Universidad de Cuenca periodo 2012 – 2013
(2013) Cedillo Chica, Flor Paulina; Llanes Serantes, Maribel
An experimental study was performed in vitro to determine the most effective module elastomeric in the orthodontic treatment. We chose three brands of elastomeric modules 40 modules each brand that were Morelli , Tp Orthodontic, and Ormco, which is used in dry 20 and 20 in wet , to which they were analyzed for a period of 28 days to see moment occurred when elastic and plastic deformation . Results were processed in the program Statical Data Package for Social Science (SPSS), to relate the dependent and independent variables and found that there is no statistically significant difference between brands and they can all be used for the initial alignment and leveling. Is concluded that the wet environment increases the degree of deformation of the elastomeric modules related dry environment. Modules (super slick) Orthodontic Tp are best responded to the tests they were subjected. Ormco brand modules due to external and internal diameter from baseline measurements are smaller than the other two brands are more likely to suffer when placing break leagues in brackets as in this study
Estudio in vitro de la anatomía interna del primer molar superior mediante el proceso de diafanización
(2013) Montesinos Rivera, Mayra Vanessa; Tapia Calle, Jaime Vicente
Different studies support the anatomical complexity of the root canal system by the presence of multiple foramina, apical deltas, accessory canals and more variations. The purpose of this in vitro study was to identify the internal anatomy of the root canal system of 84 permanent maxillary first molars, determining the number of canals per root and also the type of canals according to the classification of Vertucci and the prevalence of secondary mesio-buccal (MB2) by diafanization process. The palatal root as well the distal root showed only one canal in 100% of cases, whereas in the vestibular root one canal was present in 58.3%, two canals in 38.1% and three canals in 3.6% of the cases. Regarding the prevalence of MB2 it was present in 41.7%. As for the canal type, the most frequent in palatal and distal roots was type I, in 98.8%and 96.4%, respectively, while in the mesio-buccal root type I was the most prevalent in 31.0% of cases, followed by type V in 25.o% and type II in 16.7%
Parámetros estéticos en prótesis fija: revisión descriptiva
(2013) Alvarado Jiménez, Omar Ricardo; Córdova Aldana, Christian
The purpose of this study is to evaluate and systematically describe various aesthetic parameters, dental materials and techniques commonly used in contemporary Aesthetic Dentistry, which aim to obtain satisfactory therapeutic results not only from a functional point of view but also cosmetic, analyzing the various factors that affect dental aesthetics planning, such as determining facial features, morphological, proportional, biological and psychosocial an individual for the clinician to develop a suitable protocol care without neglecting any of the aspects mentioned
Impresiones en prótesis fija: revisión sistemática
(2013) Urgilés Urgilés, Cristian Danilo; Dreyer, Erik
Impressions are negative reproductions from dental preparations. These same preparations can present complications due to a lack of familiarity with dental materials, and appropriate techniques for the corresponding impression. . The purpose of this research was to do a systematic review of the literature on properties, materials, techniques, and instruments used to make fixed dental partials. Six electronic search clusters in PubMed were used with the following key words: dental impression materials, fixed dental partials, dental impression techniques, dental crowns dental veneers. With the addition of a manual search, the following were examined: reviews of publications, random controlled studies, case reports, and clinical studies (published January 1995 to December 2012). In this search, twenty articles were found relevant. Based on the analysis of the properties of impression materials, the recommended techniques for gingival displacement, as well as the techniques to take an impression are: individual trays, one step techniques, two step techniques, modified one step techniques, double arch impressions, and digital impressions
Morfología craneofacial y su relación con la forma y ancho del arco dentario maxilar en estudiantes entre 13 y 16 años de la ciudad de Cuenca
(2013) Jiménez Romero, Magaly Noemí; Llanes Serantes, Maribel
Was performed transversal descriptive study among students from ninth, tenth basic education and high school first in order to determine the relationship between the index head and face with the shape and width of the upper dental arch permanent. The study group consisted of 2880 students, of which we selected a random sample of 240 subjects not random, 120 female and 120 male. Clinical examination was performed by selected students applied direct measurements. With clinical examination determined the type of dentition present form of the dental arches and transverse relationships interarch whereas with direct measurements are analyzed cranial and facial morphology by earning their indices and measures of upper dental arch transverse. The results were processed using the data package Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) to relate the variables set, being 55.4% of the subjects studied had brachycephalic skulls, faces mesoprosopas 42.1%, 63.3% forms ovoid arch finally wide arch 74.1% for males and 41.7% for narrow arch female, with a degree of statistical significance for the results of α = 0.05. The values were compared with studies conducted in other regions of South America, Europe, Asia and Africa, because in our country there are no studies of this type. The results of some of these other studies are consistent and differed from those obtained from the sample of students of the Austro of Ecuadorian

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