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Estructura familiar de los niños agresores en situaciones de acoso escolar
(2014) Mazón Avila, Juan Pablo; Borrero Viver, María del Carmen
The main research objective was to determine the family structure in bullying situations, basing the study of family structure on the Structural Model of Salvador Minuchin, a bibliographic research on similar studies in other countries on the issue and a review about bullying and the child aggressors. Fieldwork was conducted in the second, third and fourth years of General Basic Education, that constitutes a sample of 317 children, the percentage of child aggressors was determined by the questionnaire “INTIMIDATION AND ABUSE AMONGST PEERS IN PRIMARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE CITY OF CUENCA” Shephard, Ordonez and Rodriguez (2010), afterwards the guide of the semi-structured interview “THE FAMILY STRUCTURE OF THE VICTIM AND AGGRESSOR CHILD IN BULLYING”Ordonez and Mazon (2014) was conducted to 20 families of the child aggressors, whose main results were: nuclear families constitute 75% of the sample.
Patrones transgeneracionales de victimización en familias con niños víctimas de acoso escolar
(2014) González González, Paola Catalina; Barros Espinosa, Martha Lucía
This research describesvictimization patternsthat are repeatedfrom one generation toanother, in this case within families from parents to children and with children who are victims of bullying, demonstrating the existence oftransgenerationalpatterns.Conceptualizationsare made from thesystemic approachof both, families and bullying. Therefore, theoreticalcontents andstudies were developed based on what has been made regarding thesubject.Inthe inquiry to children, taken place in "ZoilaAuroraPalacios" school, it was found that many of themsuffer frombullying. This researchwas extended to theirparents, in order to identify howthis patternis repeated.The used methodologyis quantitative /qualitative, for the characterizationof both, child who are victimsof bullyingand the victimizationpatterns. A questionnaire was appliedto identify the child victims, another survey was usedto characterizethesechildrenand finallya storyof life allowed to describe the studied patterns.Inthis research took part children of school aged6-7years and their parents, and it was found thatin these familiesvictimizationpatterns,that comefrom parents to children,isrepeated.
La estructura familiar del niño víctima de acoso escolar
(2014) Ordóñez Ordóñez, Miriam Carlota; Oritz Ochoa, William
This quantitative and qualitative research at an exploratory and descriptive level, has the purpose of describing the family structure of the child victim of bullying and the relationship between parents-child. Three different surveys were applied: the Questionnaire on bullying and peer abuse in educational institutions of Basic Education of the city of Cuenca, validated by Shephard, Ordóñez y Rodríguez (2012). The surveys were applied to 510 students from second to seventh grade in a public co-ed school in the city of Cuenca. This survey permitted us to identify the percentage of children victims of bullying; the Questionnaire on peer abuse: victim profile,was adapted from the original survey or questionnaire of Fernandez and Ortega, by Ordóñez (2014). This questionnaire allowed us to identify the psychosocial profile of the child victim. There was also one semi-structured interview called The family structure of the child victim and perpetrator of bullying, developed by Ordóñez and Mazón (2014), done to 20 parents of child victims identified, which allowed us to describe the family structure of the child victim at the level of parental subsystem. The results show 9.6% of child victims of bullying and 25.1% of potential victims. The child victim shows isolation, dysthymia, avoidance, anxiety, somatization, denial and some underachievement. In terms of structure in the parental subsystem it is proven: boundaries, hierarchies and flexible rules, rigid borders. The descriptive role and the affective function focus on the mother.
Resiliencia en hijos de familias monoparentales
(2015) Illescas Mogrovejo, Claudia Maricela; López Calle, Claudio Hernán
Resilience is thehuman capacityto face, overcome, transformthe experiences ofadversity andemerge strongerfrom it.The overall objectivein the research wasto identify the levelof resilience inchildren ofsingle parents.The researchwas mixed,and descriptive. This research workwas conducted with24children from sixth and seventh years of Basic General Education ofsingle parents.The instruments used were: schoolresiliencescale(E. R. E. Escala de Resilencia Escolar) for children and the interview guideto identifythe family structure ofMontalvoandSoria.The resultsindicate thatchildren ofsingle parentsmostly havea high level ofresilience.Regarding thefamily structurefoundin mostofthe hierarchy's parent familieshavethe mother;managementstyleis flexible andable todialogueprevails, the limits are clear andflexibleboth insideand outside thesystem.The centrality's have theirchildren.Itwas evidentthat the fatherisperipheralintheir dutiesand obligations.The conflicts thatthe mother hasarewithteenage daughtersand thefatherby the difficulty ofcommunication.Importantly,the majorityof single parent familiesare headed by women.
Estilos de crianza en familias monoparentales con hijos únicos
(2015) Vásquez Fajardo, Valeria Tatiana; Palacios Madero, María Dolores
The research aims to determine parenting styles of single parent families with only children and family structure. Parents are those fulfilling the functions of protection, control, guidance, affection and socialization. Parenting styles are related to family structure: hierarchy, boundaries, partnerships and communication. The social and economic transformations have changed the structure of single parent nuclear family and planning: only children. 19 families were selected with one parent who has school in the city of Cuenca only son of the Database Project "Styles of family education in the city of Cuenca". The study is qualitative and quantitative questionnaire "socio-affective study habits and behavioral tendencies in families with kindergarten children" Dra. Susana Torìo, University of Oviedo, and semi-structured interview to identify the structure was used familiar. The results showed that there is a parenting style defined in the parent families with only children, however there is a tendency to democratic parenting strategies, most live with grandparents and families can identify relationships of closeness, clear boundaries, hierarchy the mother, supported by grandmothers in childcare, partnerships between mother and child, while maintaining a direct and high expectations from their mothers to their children communication.
Estrategias de afrontamiento y estructura familiar de niños con necesidades educativas especiales asociadas a la discapacidad física y multidiscapacidad
(2015) Flores Sisalima, Isabel Catalina; Yacelga Ponce, Tarquino Patricio
The objective of this research was to identify the family structure and strategies of internal and external coping, which have been functional for families with children with educational needs associated with physical disability and multiple disabilities. Participants were parents - mothers or representatives of the Institute of Cerebral Palsy of Azuay, who had children with special educational needs associated with physical disability and multiple disabilities, families that met this requirement were 13 becoming the study group; Copes and an interview on Family Structure, for the collection of information - a survey called F was applied. The interview data were processed by Design Theory, pop open type and encoding. The most significant results were the identification of two types of families according to the typology proposed by Minuchin: extensive and uncontrolled, which dominated the flexible limits, parental, conjugal and fraternal subsystem. In terms of power management, the hierarchy was usually played by mothers, as well as the emotional role, and was the primary caregiver of children with disabilities. The functional strategy for families with a child with physical disabilities was social support and religious support; and for families who have a member with multiple disabilities restructuring.
Estilos de crianza en familias migrantes
(2015) Carrión Armijos, Florci Manuela; Clavijo Castillo, Ruth Germania
The present research, describe parenting styles from the type of Baumrind (1967,1971) migrant families, It is attempted to characterize them according to the Structural Perspective Minuchin (1982), by knowing the ways of parenting adopted can raise a psycho - educative level strategies to improve the quality of life of the children. It was applied the approach qualitative - quantitative by the questionnaire "study socio educative of habits and tendencies of behavior in families with children in infant education" by Susana Torio (2008) and adapted by the project "Family Education Style in the City of Cuenca" at the University of Cuenca, 32 families which belong to two public schools: “Manuel Ramón Balarezo” and “Francisco Eugenio Tamariz” of the parish Nulti of the canton Cuenca, and semi-structured interview to 13 families, 11 of the Central School and 2 Nulti School Chaullabamba to know its structure. The instrument allowed to obtain the following results: 39% have an authoritarian style, 32%, a democratic style, 6% indicates a permissive rearing style and 23% undefined style.
Patrones transgeneracionales del apego en las madres sustitutas
(2015) Tenorio Altamirano, Regina Lorena Alexandra; Santamaría Rivas, Milagros Elina
The aim of this study was to identify the transgenerational patterns of attachment in surrogate mothers; their focus was mixed, administered the test CaMir and semistructured interview seven surrogate mothers SOS Children's VillagesCuenca (Ecuador. The results showed that global scales parental support and secure attachment match the reliability of Chilean validation test CaMir of Garrido and others (2006). Six participants mothers had secure attachment model and a mother with addiction disengaged according to the theory of Bowlby (1958) and type of Ainsworth (1960); in the first group, the transgenerational patterns were identified, according to the contextual approach Boszomery-Nagy (1983) debts, legacies, loyalties; and, according to the theory of Bowen (1954-1959) emotional reactions satisfaction and dissatisfaction and transmission of behaviors; these patterns arise from relationships between parents and children and grandparents who responded to the primary needs during childhood and adolescence of the participants. In the case of the mother attachment disengaged, the same transgenerational patterns are identified, but with the variant affective-emotional ambivalence in parent-child relationship. These results may also help institutions active profile surrogates to identify attachment patterns in emotional health and care of children.
Nivel de diferenciación en las familias monoparentales
(2015) Juca Cabrera, Mirian Esperanza; Montalvo Bernal, José Heriberto
This research aims to determine the differentiation level of single parents. The approach is mixed; was used Differentiation Questionnaire from Skowron and Friedlander (1998) translated into Spanish by Vargas and Ibáñez (2012), was applied to twelve mothers with a child under 4 years of age who attend to the Children's Center of Good Living "The Sparrows", Azogues city, establishing four groups according to the level of differentiation: low, medium low, medium high and high. In addition, a semi-structured interview was administered to the mother to describe their relational features, according to their level of differentiation. The results indicate that in the groups of low levels, and medium low levels there are tendencies to fusion, triangulation, projection, cuts, and emotional distance, intergenerational and multigenerational transmission, a repetition of patterns of behavior is observed and in the high and upper middle levels these trends decrease.
Estilos de crianza en familias nucleares con hijos únicos
(2015) Quezada Fernández, Juan Carlos; Palacios Madero, María Dolores
The classical theory of Diana Baumrind raises three styles of family education, from it is to meet the educational styles of nuclear families with one child, and relate these parenting styles and family structure: hierarchy boundaries and alliances. The study was quantitative and qualitative dependent variables were the styles of family education, family structure independent variables. The sample selection was made from the database of the project "Family Education Style in the City of Cuenca". Participants of this study were 82 families with two parents with a school only son of the second year of primary education in the city of Cuenca. The structure of the questionnaire "socio-affective study habits and behavioral tendencies in families with preschoolers" allowed reducing dimensions through factor analysis which distinguished the three educational styles. A semi-structured interview with the voluntary participation of 30 families was used to identify the family structure. Analysis of the results showed that the 82 nuclear families with only children do not have a defined style of parenting. In nuclear families, you can identify relationships interparental inconsistency in terms of the hierarchy, in some cases it is the father who is the hierarchy and in others this is shared between father and mother, with a strong alliance between mother and son.
Ritos y rituales ante las crisis del sistema familiar de niños oncológicos
(2015) Villacís Marín, Tania Soledad; Sandoval Rivera, Eva Rosana
The aim of the study is to describe the rites and rituals of family's crises system cancer children. The approach is qualitative; was carried out a process of observation to identify regulatory and circumstantial crisis, family and institutional rites and rituals, cancer children, parents and other family members and hospital staff accompanying the area of pediatrics SOLCA-Cuenca participated, the sample was taken cases- type and experts for interviews. The information collected indicates that: the family's crises system are not unique to the disease. Parents before the cancer diagnosis evoke significant loss events, separation, chronic disease, which generates confusions and guilt. During phases of crisis or chronic norms crises arise as a result of family separation. The practice of ceremonies, routines, creating and implementing acts before or disease are not identified by families and hospital staff terminologies rite and ritual, however these actions give them a meaning,, a sense; and functionality linked to why? As a permanent fixture in the rites and rituals is the religious factor devotion to God and the Virgin. It was found that the performance of rites and rituals provide relief of oncological child and family, established patient connection and its ecosystem by improving their emotional state. In three of the four cases involved a single type of family ritualization of Roberts (1988) is not evidence.
Funcionamiento familiar según el modelo circumplejo de Olson
(2015) Sigüenza Campoverde, Wilson Guillermo; Espinoza Ortiz, Antonio
The family has become the object of study of diverse approaches to contemporary psychology, either by complexity of understanding or their influence on the social level. In this sense, the general objective of this research was: "Determining family functioning according to Olson Circumplex model through the components of cohesion and adaptability that exists in children", it using a quantitative and qualitative methodology with, a descriptive cross-sectional study, it makes a rigorous approach in describing objective characteristics of family functioning in children of “UnidadEducativa Octavio Cordero Palacios" in the city of Cuenca- Ecuador. The study population was: 153 parents and 24 students, from first to seventh basic year, who met the inclusion criteria.To collect information was used “Family Adaptability and cohesion scale” (FACES III) for a parent, and technical focal set aside for students. The data analysis was descriptive, using SPSS version 21 and to generate statistical graphics was used Microsoft Office Excel 2010, getting main results from a quantitative view that 52.3 % of families have high adaptability, which means a chaotic family typology, and an average of 40.5 % Cohesion considered united families. The qualitative analysis results confirm this because families have high adaptability, with parents who exercise power relations, imposing and establishing family rules, and an average cohesion, as their emotional ties among its members is reflected in the constant concern of parents for their children's conflicts, sharing time between them. Finally common type of family among those tested (153 parents) is "United chaotically" with 26%.
Estilos de crianza parental en adolescentes infractores
(2015) Armijos Benítez, Verónica del Cisne; Sarmiento Jara, María Verónica
This research is made in a quantitative form, in a descriptive way, the purpose, to identify the types of parental breeding of the parents or tutors of the violators from the CAI Loja, to have knowledge of the predominant style and characterize its family structure. To do this it was used a questionnaire of parental practices of Robinson and Cols. (1995), based on the styles of breeding from Baumrind; and the interview ‘’the family structure of the children victims of bullying and aggression in school’’ from Ordoñez and Mazon (2014), modified in the context; instruments applied to 30 families. The results indicated the use of 3 styles in different measure, with a predominance of permissive in a 53.3%, fallowed of authoritarian in a 33.3% and authoritative in 13.3%. The Family structure of the three groups of style incised in the decontrolled type. In the permissive group the limits on the subsystems were rigid in exception of the conjugal and the paternal that were diffuse. In the authoritarian, limits are rigid for having more control and to impose the rules. In the authoritative, limits are diffuse; hierarchy, and there are rules more strict, which was not the expected. All the families form coalitions against one of the parents; occupy the affective roll of the matter, and the instrumental to the father who was peripheral; the economic context is low as well.
Funcionalidad y disfuncionalidad en las familias de niños con discapacidad
(2015) Solórzano Vicuña, Daniela Janneth; Clavijo Castillo, Ruth Germania
Under the systemic approach various aspects that are relevant to understand families with children with disabilities must be considered, for this reason this study analyzes the characteristics of functionality and dysfunctionality in such systems as the main objective; based on the structural model of Salvador Minuchin, bibliographical research on similar studies in other countries on the issue and on a theoretical review on disability and family functioning. The study analyzes the universe of families of children with disabilities enrolled in the School Year 2013-2014, the Center for Educational Integration "Luis Alberto Luna Tobar" (Cielalt) which reached a total of 21 participants; using a quantitative approach and a non-experimental design of transverse character and achieved a fundamentally descriptive research scope; however the analysis of the results allowed reaching the correlational data level. Concluding that the most frequent type of cohesion was detached, the adaptability reached its maximum percentage at the flexible level and finally brought to establish that the families of study were at an average level of family functionality.
Estilos de crianza en familias indígenas Cañaris
(2016) Punin Solano, María Manuela; Aguilar Sizer, Mónica Elisa
Research "Parenting Styles in indigenous families Cañaris" raised aimed at understanding forms of aging indigenous families in the rural context Cañaris community Quilloac. To carry out this research work a mixed approach with statistical support was applied. the questionnaire "socio study habits and behavioral tendencies in families with children in the second year of basic education" Thorium settled, and applied to 71 families in the community, as well as a joint interview on family structure Montalvo was performed and Soria 21 volunteer families in the community. As a result of this study, it was shown that there is a style not predominant and definite breeding, but the presence of at least three parenting styles within families Quilloac community. Also, in describing the family structure, it was observed that the authoritarian style is related to the rigid characteristics, the permissive style is linked with fuzzy boundaries, while the democratic style relates to flexible boundaries.
Estructura familiar del niño con síndrome de down
(2016) Parra Méndez, Magdalena de Jesús; Espinoza Ortiz, Antonio
The aim of this research was to describe the family structure Down child before and after birth and changes in families who have a son / daughter with Down syndrome, the study has a qualitative. The study was conducted in the Special Education Unit "Nicholas Vasquez" Paute, the persons who participated were parents and student representatives with Down syndrome, 5 to 11 years old, for gathering information applied "the Interview Guide Montalvo and Soria" to identify the family structure and the History of Life in order to know the family structure before and after birth. The results show the changes in family structure after the birth of a son Down, hierarchy in families is changed, the power rests with one of the members of conjugal and fraternal system, to meet the father and mother instrumental role, the parentalizade son appears, after birth in most families, the mother assumes the affective role and responsibilities of child care, families after birth, have alliances among members of the fraternal subsystem in some cases and in others between the mother or father, communication and organizes the family structure is a key element in its functioning, research most families establish complementary relationships are determined by the hierarchy.
Estilos de crianza parentales en familias indígenas Cañaris inmigrantes en Cuenca
(2016) Araujo Flores, Nilson Patricio; Sarmiento Jara, María Verónica
This research is qualitative court, level exploratory-descriptive, whose purpose is to identify parenting styles Canaris indigenous migrant families in Cuenca, and characterize the family structure of these families; for which two instruments are applied.To obtain information about styles of parental rearing worked with some questionnaire items Susana Torío (2008), especially paragraphs educational attitudinal trends, the items were used as queries in a semistructured interview for the characterization; of the structure family worked with a semistructured interview called the family structure of the child victim and perpetrator of bullying, made by Ordonez and Mazon (2014) , these instruments were applied to five indigenous families living in Cuenca about 10 years. The results show an educational attitudinal tendency of parents to care for their children of flexible/democratic court. Regarding the reference to sub conjugal family structure limits and flexible system boundaries are evident, however building rules are not clear, a situation that could be framed in its capacity as migration and adaptation process.Within the parental subsystem boundaries, hierarchies and rules are flexible borders.The descriptive role and emotional role in the study families focus mainly on the mother but the father also is involved in the process of socialization of children.
La narrativa de los niños agresores en situación de acoso escolar o “bullying”
(2016) Jerves Mora, Rodrigo Saúl; Vega Crespo, Cristian Eduardo
The present work has been developed based on scholar violence or “bulling”, which induces psichological damage in both parties: agresor and victim. This effects can be detected right from the children’s speach, throoghout games, and tales that are fundamental part of the stories that can be found in a dayly basis within the children’s chats and conversations. The story telling is the way we can reach a deep understanding of the children’s behavior and the reasons why they act in such a way, and sometimes, on how to make them stop such cruel behavior. This research does not have any implications from the theorey related to the aforementioned story telling. Thus, it allows us to make an attpemt to unravel the boundaries of finding stories which are persistent in this kind of agresive behavior. This work is based on a qualitative and descriptive methodology, based on related well known theory. The objective is to identify the dominant stories told by the agressive children or scholar stalkers as well as the reasons given by these last group about why they obvey to this kind of agressive behavior towards their classmates and the feelings that they think induce into their counterparts as aggressors. Finally, this reseaarhhas been carried out at the “Zoila Aurora Palacios” public elemtary school and with children between 8 to 10 years old studying fourth, fifth, ans sixth grades of basic general education. Moreover, we have taken the survey “Quiz about Bullying and Abuse Between Pairs at Elementary Educational Institutions in the City of Cuenca” or “CuestionariosobreIntimidación y Maltrato Entre Pares en InstitucionesEducativasPrimarias de la Ciudad de Cuenca”(CIMP) in Spanish. This survey was carried out in parrallel to indeptinteraviews. In the research it conducted dominant narratives and categorization process from these was established.
Identificación de la parentalización en estudiantes universitarios
(2016) Quezada Ortega, Christian Geovanny; Álvarez Idrovo, Ivonne Elizabeth
This research was conducted in the Faculty of Psychology at the University of Cuenca. It aimed to identify the parentification of psychology students from the University. Parentification is the distortion of boundaries between subsystems of the family, where children assume roles and responsibilities that are usually reserved for adults. Other studies express the influence of parentification in the future of personal and social relationships of individuals, even causing possible psychological disorders. The research was a quantitative methodology at an exploratory-descriptive level. The parentification inventory of Lisa Hooper validated in 2009 was applied, it was identified in a sample conformed by 546 college students, the manifestation of three factors involved in parentification: focused on parents, focused on brothers and the perception of benefits. Among the main results are that all the investigated students have some degree of parentification in their childhood, standing out a 72.2% with a median degree of parentification according to the general scale. Being the perceived benefits the most representative factor, which means that most of them do not feel they have been affected by having performed roles that did not correspond to them during their childhood. This study is a first step in exploring the construct parentification in the Ecuadorian university environment throughout a Spanish version of the instrument used, culturally adapted and validated for this context.
Estructura familiar de niños maltratados
(2016) Rosas Défaz, Nancy Gabriela; Rodal Genovez, Andrea Yesenia
Child abuse refers to acts or omissions that cause negative consequences on children and violate their physical, psychological or sexual integrity; usually the manifestations are evident with neglect, physical or psychological injury caused by a relative or a caregiver of the child. This research is quantitative, descriptive and transversal; the overall objective was to identify the family structure of abused children cases that were made known to the Cantonal Rights Protection Board of the Azogues Canton during 2015 and from January to May of 2016. The applied instruments were: FACE III based on the Olson Circumplex Model (1989) and the genogram. The results establish that most of the families are disassociation-structured and have a family structure characterized by the presence of the mother figure in the hierarchy of the household; outstanding limits of marital and parent-child systems are rigid; partnerships are established between siblings and coalitions are presented in a high percentage between mother and stepfather against the child. The most common conflicts are in the parent-child system between the mother and the child.

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