Laboratorio Clínico-Pregrado

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Valoración hemostática del habitante ecuatoriano
(Universidad de Cuenca, 1979-11-11) Alvarado Gallegos, María; Sempértegui Vega, Julio Cesar; Mosquera Barzallo, Carlos Edmundo; Cañizares Aguilar, Aurelio Ernesto
Frecuencia de bacterias en urocultivos y su sensibilidad a los antibióticos en 300 pacientes del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca 1990-1991
(1991-11-11) Barriga A., Betty; González V., Omar; Contento B., Jaqueline; Guerrero Ullauri, Leonardo
SECRECIÓN VAGINAL: FRECUENCIA DE NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE EN MUJERES PROSTITUTAS Y NO PROSTITUTAS
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 1995) Conce V., Nancy Patricia; Matamoros de Macías, Jenny; Guerrero Ullauri, Leonardo
Aplicación del Laboratorio Clínico en la Comunidad de Hornapala - Deleg 1996
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 1997) Márquez Lanche, Maricela Magaly; Mejia Villazhañay, Nancy del Rocio; Quezada C., Cecilia del Rosario; Cañizares Aguilar, Aurelio Ernesto; Torres, Martha
Frecuencia bacteriana en secreción vaginal de trabajadoras sexuales Centro de Salud No 4 Yanuncay Cuenca - 2009
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2010-11-11) Mogollón Gualpa, Lorena Marisol; Quito Cajamarca, Blanca Alexandra; Álvarez Herrera, María Hermelinda; Cabrera Vicuña, José Antonio
The objective of this research was to determine the bacterial frequency found in the vaginal discharge of sexual workers from Centro de Salud No. 4 of Yanuncay, located in the city of Cuenca in 2009, applying an appropriate working methodology that guarantees the reliability in terms of the results that were obtained and their clinical usefulness. In order to select the sexual workers, it was necessary to carry out a poll in which the following information was considered: age, length of employment, amount of sexual relations per day, and frequency of infections. The universe of this study was of 2493 of women, as well as the sample selected according to the statistics program Epi Info 6.4 which was of 275 sexual workers. The samples were taken from Outpatient services of Gynecology and its processing was carried out in the Department of Microbiology of the Faculty of Medical Science. The study was descriptive and observational. A validated poll was carried out through methods and techniques of clinical laboratory in which its participants were students from the Faculty of Medical Science from the school of Medical Technology of the University of Cuenca. The following results were obtained: 70.91% of the sexual workers present bacterial infection. The most frequent age of the sexual workers is from 15 to 24 representing 57.14%. 39.49% have worked in this field for 5 to 10 years. 77.95% have more than 11 sexual relations per day, 18.46% oscillates between 6 to 10 and 91.79% states that they use condoms in their daily relations. The predominant germ is Escherichia coli representing 57.95%, after that in terms of frequency the next one is Gardnerella vaginalis with a 19.49%, Proteus mirabilis with 3.59%. When relating the microbial frequency with age: Escherichia coli is the most frequent in ages from 15 to 24 (52.21%), Estafilococo saprophytic between 25 to 34 (56.25%), Gardinella vaginalis between 15 to 24 years of age (47.37%), Proteus mirabilis between 15 to 24 years of age (47.62%), and Proteus vulgaris between 15 to 24 years of age (57.14%). As a result from the research that was carried out, important information was obtained such as the existence of a high frequency of bacterial microorganisms in vaginal discharge within this demographical segment, this allows us to infer that there is a high degree of risk of transmission which the community may be subject to. Key words: Sexual workers, vaginal discharge, microorganisms.
Pruebas básicas de laboratorio clínico en estudiantes secundarios del Colegio Francisco Tamaríz , del área de influencia del Centro de Salud No 2 de la ciudad de Cuenca, 2011
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2011-11-11) Albarracín Arias, Henry Arturo; Heredia Palchisaca, Ana Margarita; Naranjo Pinos, Janeth Beatriz; Cárdenas Carrera, Jenny Carola; Cabrera Vicuña, José Antonio; Cañar Lojano, Hugo Aníbal
Caracterización bacteriana en flora intestinal y pruebas de resistencia antibiótica en 500 escolares del sector urbano de Cuenca, año 2009
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2011-11-11) Jimbo Méndez, Janeth María; Saquicela Quezada, Sandra Tarcila; Galindo Banegas, Telmo Benjamín; Alvarez Serrano, Marlene Elizabeth
Objective: Bacterial characterization in Intestinal Flora and Tests of Antibiotic Resistance in 500 scholars of the Urban Sector of Cuenca, Year 2009 .-Materials and Methods. With an Observational Descriptive design, 500 samples of fecal grounds were gathered of school and they were processed in the laboratory of microbiology of the Ability of Sciences you prescribe, during the period September of the 2009. - Results. -Of the 500 scholars 279 were women and 221 men, the percentage distribution for ages was: 5-7 years (33.6%), 8-10 years (44.4%) and of 11-13 years (22.0%). The carried out bacterial isolations showed to Escherichia coli in 80%, Enterobacter 13%, Klebsiella 5.8%, Proteus 0.8% and Pseudomona 0.4%. - It was determined that all the bacterias turned out to be sensitive in a high percentage to Imipenem 100%, Cloranfenicol 98.4%, Ciprofloxacina 97.5%, Cefotaxime 95.5%, Cefurexime 93.3%, and Ceftriaxona 90.2%. Escherichia coli presents resistance to Trimetoprinsulfa with 20%, Gentamicina 23.5% and Ampicilina+ Sulbactam 25.3%; as for the Enterobacter it was it for Gentamicina 15.4%, Ampicilina+Sulbactam 18.5%, in what concerns Klebsiella 24.1% point for Gentamicina and Ampicilina+ Sulbactam and Trimetoprinsulfa 27.6%. Proteus and Pseudomona didn't present resistance some. Conclusions. - Escherichia coli was the bacteria of more frequency contrary to Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus and Pseudomona, the bacterial resistance was comparatively low.AU
Perfil lípidico sérico en personas de 23-42 años de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador 2009-2010
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2011-11-11) Quito Capón, Carlos Olmedo; Garay Escalante, Juan Pablo; Verdugo Campoverde, Milton Hernán; Cabrera Vicuña, José Antonio; Alvarez Herrera, María Hermelinda; Cabrera Vicuña, José Antonio
Background: Falls are a source of morbidity and mortality in elderly, with high-cost in health services and disability on the individual. Objective: Determining the prevalence and associated factors of falls in the elderly of Gerontological Care Center of Social Security, Cuenca, 2013. Materials and Methods: Transversal study, Data were collected through the completion of the modified questionnaire of OMS, applied to 250 elderly, that included to elderly registered in Gerontological Care Center of Cuenca’s Social Security, which were selected on the random who are65 years old or older, and have accepted the informed consent and excluded older adults who don’t complied with previous criteria. Results: The mean age was at 73,78 years old, female 72,4%, and marital status married 54,8%. The prevalence of falls in the last 6 months was 22,4%. According Downton scale, 71% of elderly have low risk of further falls. 69,9% of elderly refer fear of falling again; in 30,4% of cases the floor where the fall succeeded was irregular. Conclusions: There was significant association with alcohol consumption in 4,59 times (IC 95% 3,92-5,8); with other intrinsic and extrinsic factors don’t exist significant association. KEY WORDS: ELDERLY, DISSEASE, RISK FACTORS, PREVALENCY
Identificación de parasitismo intestinal por microscopia directa en materia fecal de los habitantes menores de cinco años de Quilloac-Cañar 2014
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-11-11) Valverde Peralta, Carina Marlene; Moreno Vèlez, María Augusta; Cárdenas Carrera, Jenny Carola; Verdugo Sánchez, Adriana Elizabeth
Background.- The intestinal parasites in children is a public health problem that should be periodically assessed. The incidence, intensity, and prevalence of parasites is higher in children than in adults, possibly due to the lack of natural resistance or acquired, and the differences in behavior and habits. (1) Objective: To identify intestinal parasitism by direct microscopy in inhabitant’s feces under five years in Quilloac. Place belonging to the town of Cañar in the period 2014 as part of the Integral Health Improvement Program. Methodology.-The study is descriptive cross-sectional. The universe consisted in 247 people under the age of five. The representatives consented to sign that inform. In the same time, we applied a survey with data considered variables for our study. The samples the feces were processed in the Laboratory of Parasitology of the Medical Technology School fulfilling standards of biosafety and quality control. The information obtained was tabulated in the SPSS and the graphs in Excel. Results. - It was determined that 247 samples analyzed were parasitized 71.6%, of these 57.4% are monoparasitism, and 42.6 % are poliparasitism. The histolytic Amoeba occupies 36.6% followed by Amoeba coli and Giardia Lamblia in 19.3%.
Determinación de perfil renal en pacientes con diabetes mellitus que asisten a consulta externa del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca 2018.
(2019-11-09) Andrade Vásquez, Diana Priscila; Pazos Vivanco, Nataly Silvana; Cárdenas Carrera, Jenny Carola
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an endocrine metabolic disorder that causes a hyperglycemic condition may be a result of deficiency of the hormone secretion or resistance to the action thereof; (1) Insulin is responsible for regulating the blood glucose concentration. The disease can become acute or chronic. (2) General objective: To determine the renal profile in patients with diabetes mellitus were treated the external consultation service of Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Cuenca 2018. Methodology: The study was descriptive-retrospective. The universe constituted 1080 people who attend to External Consultation of the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso during the period 2018. Sample is the 170. The results came from patients with a time of evolution disease more than 5 years after diagnosis, and attending regular controls. For the analysis of the information was used a software SPSS version 23.0 in Spanish to create a database, after were interpreted in tables and graphs the results. Results: 170 patients with diabetes mellitus in this research: 74.7% have diabetes mellitus type II; the 65.3% females; with an age of 41 to 60 years 71.8%; according to family history, 62.4%; clinical manifestations edema 12.9%; As time evolution of 5-15 years 65.9%; As well as urea 20%, creatinine 44.1%, Uric acid 22.4% and microalbuminuria 48.8%. Conclusion: The renal profile is a control method to prevent progress and the presence of chronic diabetes complications.
Prevalencia de patologías asociadas a valores de dímero-D en pacientes que acudieron al Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso periodo 2018-2020. Cuenca 2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-10-11) Noriega Peláez, Jenny Estefanía; Pozo Abril, Tomás Mateo; Cárdenas Carrera, Jenny Carola
Background: D-dimer is a biomarker of fibrin degradation, with a tendency to elevation in diseases: disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) and others. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) they occupy the second and third place in mortality rates. General objective: To determine the prevalence of pathologies associated with D-dimer values in patients who attended in “Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso” Cuenca period 2018-2020. Methodology: A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, where the information was obtained from the clinical histories of patients who underwent the D-dimer test in the laboratory of the "Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso" and was analyzed in the statistical programs SPSS Statistics V27 and Microsoft Excel. The study variables were: D-dimer values, age, sex and pathology. Bioethical norms were complied with, with the objective of using the information for research purposes. Use of data: The results contribute with updated statistics about D-dimer values in the environment, considering that the test is related to diseases with a high mortality rate, being an important contribution to health. Results: Of the 849 cases studied, 68.0% had elevated D-dimer associated with pathologies: pulmonary embolism (47.06%), deep vein thrombosis (29.41%), cardiovascular disorder (31.78%), renal failure (69.44%), unspecified tumors (83.71%), fractures (39.06) and rheumatoid arthritis (50.0%). In the relationship of variables, those that presented a significant statistical relationship were D-dimer with age and pathology (p= 0.000).
Prevalencia de virus de inmunodeficiencia humana en mujeres embarazadas de la Fundación Municipal de la Mujer y el Niño en el período 2018-2020
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-02-01) Hidalgo Santander, Elizabeth Viviana; Guaraca Macero, Paola Jazmin; Macero Méndez, Reina María
BACKGROUND: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is an infection with great medical and social importance. In Ecuador the first cases were detected in 1984, this viral infection alters the immune system of individuals. HIV infection is associated with active sex life with limited or the lack of use of protection methods; the direct contact with contaminated needles and sharp objects (parenteral route) are also risk factors. If a mother has HIV, there is a risk of transmission to the fetus during pregnancy, childbirth and lactation period, this is known as vertical transmission. In view of this national situation, the Ministry of Public Health has drawn up the National Strategy for the Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS-ITS (ENVIH), whose vision is to achieve comprehensive development in prevention and medical care to address the HIV epidemic GENERAL OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of HIV in pregnant women who attended the Municipal Foundation for Women and Children in the period 2018-2020 METHODOLOGY: This research was descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional. For data collection, the MEDISYS internal registration system was used. The database of pregnant women with HIV test reports was analyzed. IBM SPSS Statistics version 29.0.0.0 software was used for data tabulation. The universe consisted of all pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The HIV results in pregnant women were verified in the MEDISYS database, an internal system of the Municipal Foundation for Women and Children, where a total of 946 pregnant women attended in the outpatient clinic and with an HIV prevalence of 0% were observed. , 87.7% residence correspond to the urban area, 36.7% age group 25-29 years, 100% mestizo ethnic group and 48.4% married marital status. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of HIV in pregnant women from the Municipal Foundation for Women and Children attended between 2018-2020, was 0% of reactive cases
Frecuencia de candidemia en pacientes hospitalizados, del Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga – IESS, Cuenca 2016-2021
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2023-03-14) Beltran Sagbay, Natasha Abigail; Mendieta Muñoz, Jenny Patricia; Espinoza Pesántez, Diana Isabel
Candidemia Is a fungal infection caused by a yest of the genuz Cándida. It usually appears as a complication from infections of other tissues. Its main risk factors are immunocompromised patients, those requiring mechanical ventilation, long-term catheters, parenteral nutrition, etc.; and also, the microbiota, which introduces ecological controls over Cándida species un different anatomical sites. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study aimed to determine the frequency of candidemia in patients of José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital - IESS, Cuenca, in 2016-2021. The universe comprised eight thousand blood cultures, from which a random sample of 650 was taken. Data were that the frequency of candidemia accounts for 3.54% AND It occurs mainly in patients in the hospitalization are for adults, (56.5%), followed by adult ICUs (30.4%); then 56 to 65 years old patients (30.4%); and finally, 66 to 75 year old patients (21.7%). Male patients represented 69.6% of those infected. The most frequently isolated species was C. albicans (56.5%), followed by C. glabrata (13.0%), and C. tropicalis and C. parapsilosis (4.3% each).
PARASITOSIS INTESTINAL Y SU RELACIÓN CON PARÁMETROS HEMATOLÓGICOS EN PERSONAS QUE CRÍAN ANIMALES PARA EL CONSUMO HUMANO CUENCA. AGOSTO - DICIEMBRE 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-02-27) Carvajal Reyes, Joselyn Estefania; Olivo Valdiviezo, Elizabeth Corina; Baculima Tenesaca, José Mauricio
Background: Intestinal parasitosis is a public health problem affecting rural populations with poor sanitation and contact with animals raised for human consumption. This causes alterations in hematological parameters as a response to inflammatory processes. Objective: To determine the relationship between intestinal parasitosis and hematological parameters in people who raise animals for human consumption in the rural parishes of Santa Ana and Victoria del Portete, Cuenca canton, from August to December 2025. Methodology: A descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted. The study population consisted of 350 people, with a sample of 183 individuals engaged in raising animals for human consumption. Parasite detection was performed using coproparasitological examination and concentration techniques. Hematological parameters were evaluated with an automated complete blood count, supplemented with blood smears to confirm alterations. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS v23, employing descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations. Results: The frequency of intestinal parasitosis was 46.4%. Animal husbandry was most prevalent in poultry (82.0%), with children playing a predominant role in these activities (38.0%); animal deworming was also the most common practice (80.9%). Hematological values were normal, with a decrease in hemoglobin, hematocrit, and MCV (3.3% each), and an increase in lymphocytes (9.8%) and eosinophils (7.1%), without a statistically significant association. Conclusions: Intestinal parasitosis affected approximately half of the population, with minimal hematological alterations, highlighting the need to strengthen prevention and control in rural areas.
FRECUENCIA DE CÁNCER COLORRECTAL POR ESTUDIO ANATOMOPATOLÓGICO EN BIOPSIAS ENDOSCÓPICAS DE PACIENTES ATENDIDOS EN EL HOSPITAL VICENTE CORRAL MOSCOSO, CUENCA 2023- 2024
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-02-28) Vega López, Javier Alejandro; Orellana Villazhañay, Esteban Leonardo; Auquilla Díaz, Nancy Eulalia
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the malignant neoplasms with the highest incidence in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, in 2023 it ranked as the fourth most frequently diagnosed malignancy, with a total of 153,020 new cases, being significantly more common in men than in women. In the same year, in Ecuador, according to data from the National Tumor Registry, colorectal cancer ranked third in frequency, with approximately 1,123 new cases. Objective: To determine the frequency of colorectal cancer based on histopathological analysis of endoscopic biopsies from patients treated at Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, Cuenca, 2023–2024. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted using a sample of 111 histopathological reports. Data were collected using standardized forms from the anonymized database of the Pathology Laboratory at Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. The information was analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.0. Results: The frequency of CRC was 9.9%, and premalignant lesions accounted for 31.5% of the study population. When these findings were correlated with sociodemographic variables, the disease affected both sexes equally and showed a predominance in the older adult group. Regarding place of residence, most positive cases corresponded to patients from urban areas.
DETERMINACIÓN DEL ÍNDICE HOMA-IR EN ESTUDIANTES DE LA CARRERA DE LABORATORIO CLÍNICO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA SEPTIEMBRE - NOVIEMBRE 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-03) Tapia Gutiérrez, Wendi Anabel; Herrera Segovia, Lisbeth Alexandra; Gutiérrez León, Yomaira Yolanda
The Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index is a tool used to estimate insulin resistance through a calculation based on fasting glucose and insulin levels. This metabolic alteration has become increasingly frequent and is associated with the development of diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. In Latin America, the estimated prevalence of insulin resistance reaches 46.5%. Among university students, factors such as physical inactivity, inadequate diet, and academic stress increase the risk of developing this condition, highlighting the importance of early detection.The aim of this study was to determine the HOMA-IR index in students of the Clinical Laboratory degree at the University of Cuenca during the period September–November 2025. A descriptive study was conducted among students enrolled between September 2025 and February 2026 who agreed to participate by signing an informed consent form. Fasting blood samples were collected to determine serum glucose and insulin levels and to calculate the HOMA-IR index. In addition, a survey was administered to collect personal and anthropometric data. Among the 128 students evaluated, 12.5% presented insulin resistance and 16.4% showed suspected insulin resistance according to the HOMA-IR index. The highest proportion of cases was observed in females and in the 18–20-year age group. A statistically significant association was found between the HOMA-IR index and sex, as well as academic semester, but not with age, body mass index, or family history. In conclusion, an important frequency of insulin resistance was identified, particularly among women.
Actividad antifúngica in-vitro del aceite esencial de Eucalyptus globulus en cepas de Candida spp aisladas de secreciones vaginales en el Hospital del Río. Cuenca Enero - Agosto 2025
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-03) Nieves Cazorla, Andrea Leonela; Agreda Orellana, Ivanna Solmayra
Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis, caused by yeast of the genus Candida spp., constitutes one of the most common infections in women of reproductive age. Recurrence, variable therapeutic response, and increasing antifungal resistance complicate conventional management and encourage the search for complementary alternatives, including essential oils. Objective: To evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil against Candida spp., strains isolated from vaginal secretions at Hospital Universitario del Río (Río University Hospital), Cuenca, during the period January–August 2025. Methods: Descriptive and quasi-experimental in vitro study. Recording technique: 50 Candida spp. strains from the Hospital Universitario del Río strain bank were included and registered using a data collection form. Experimental technique: the antifungal activity of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil was assessed by disk diffusion at concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%, according to the Duraffourd scale. Analytical technique: descriptive statistics and overall comparison among concentrations were applied, considering statistical significance (p < 0.05). Results: Eucalyptus globulus essential oil demonstrated inhibitory activity against the evaluated Candida spp. strains, with formation of inhibition halos that varied according to concentration and showed statistically significant overall differences. Conclusions: Eucalyptus globulus essential oil exhibited in vitro antifungal activity against Candida spp., providing relevant evidence under the evaluated conditions. To support its potential projection as a complementary agent, further studies are recommended to strengthen methodological standardization and characterize its safety profile prior to clinical extrapolation.
Frecuencia de Aspergilosis pulmonar en pacientes con enfermedad respiratoria crónica atendidos en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca 2023-2024
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-04) Quezada Pineda, Fernanda Lisseth; Sigüenza Illescas, Viviana Itaty; Auquilla Díaz, Nancy Eulalia
Background: Pulmonary aspergillosis is an infection caused by opportunistic fungi of the genus Aspergillus, which form part of the environmental microbiota. In immunocompetent individuals, it usually does not cause disease; however, in immunocompromised individuals, spores invade the respiratory epithelium followed by hyphal germination. Pathogenesis is influenced by host and fungal conditions. Objective: To determine the frequency of pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with chronic respiratory disease treated at Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca, 2023-2024. Methodology: Descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. Data were obtained through anonymized coding provided by the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Variables recorded included age, sex, place of residence, culture results, Aspergillus spp. species, direct KOH examination, type of biological sample, and respiratory disease. Results: The frequency of pulmonary aspergillosis was 3.79%, more frequent in men with 60% and in urban areas with 60%. The most commonly used sample types, 40% were sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage, while pleural fluid accounted for 20%. Conclusions: The results showed a lower prevalence of pulmonary aspergillosis compared to that reported in international studies, where values range between 22.1% and 69.6%.
Frecuencia de autoanticuerpos (Anticuerpos antinucleares y Anticuerpos anti ácido desoxirribonucleico) en pacientes con enfermedad autoinmune que acudieron al Laboratorio Clínico del Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca 2022-2024
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-04) Barbecho Urgiles, Bryam Ernesto; Caguana Guamán, Gabriela Elizabeth; Cárdenas Carrera, Jenny Carola
Background: Various genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases through an abnormal immune response mediated by T and B lymphocytes. These conditions have an estimated prevalence of 3–5% in the general population, affect women more frequently, and may occur at any age. The detection of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti–deoxyribonucleic acid antibodies (anti-DNA) by indirect immunofluorescence is essential for identifying autoantibodies relevant to the diagnosis of diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. The objective of the research was to determine to determine the frequency of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti–deoxyribonucleic acid antibodies (anti-DNA) in patients with autoimmune diseases who attended the Clinical Laboratory of Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca, during the period 2022–2024. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 380 patient records in which ANA and anti-DNA antibodies were analyzed at the Clinical Laboratory of Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga were included. Data were obtained from an anonymized database and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics version 27. Results: Among 380 records analyzed, ANA positivity was 47.1%, observed more frequently in women. Most common immunofluorescence patterns were fine speckled nuclear (AC-4; 20.0%) and homogeneous nuclear (AC-1; 10.8%), with predominance of intermediate titers (1:160 and 1:320). Anti– double-stranded DNA antibody positivity was 10.5%. Systemic lupus erythematosus accounted for a higher proportion of patients with positive autoantibodies, whereas negative results predominated in rheumatoid arthritis.
Frecuencia de Helicobacter pylori en biopsia gástrica en pacientes de 20-50 años de edad atendidos en el Hospital del Río, Cuenca 2021-2024
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 2026-03-06) Quizhpe Espinosa, Soraya Nicol; Sarango Paguay, Anahy Mariana; Garcés Chiriboga, Katherine Gabriela
Background: Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative, curved, microaerophilic bacillus that colonizes the gastric mucosa and is associated with gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. In 2020, reported prevalence rates in Latin America were high (>70%), with Ecuador being one of the countries with significantly elevated figures. However, the frequency of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsies from young and middle-aged adults in the local context has not been sufficiently studied, which hinders the design of specific diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Objective: To determine the frequency of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsies in patients aged 20 to 50 years, treated at Hospital del Río during the period 2021-2024. Methods: The study was descriptive and retrospective, analyzing the results from the Pathological Anatomy Laboratory of Hospital del Río between 2021 and 2024. The frequency was determined using an anonymized database, and data analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel 2019 and SPSS 29. Results: The frequency of Helicobacter pylori in the studied population was 34.22%, being more common in individuals aged 36 to 40 years and predominantly in men (53.71%). The positivity rate was higher in biopsies that included both the antrum and body together (35.53%), followed by those from the body (32%) and antrum (29.07%). No relevant differences were observed between different hospital areas, and regarding place of residence, there was a higher proportion of cases in urban areas (34.98%) than in rural areas (31.49%).

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