Browsing by Author "Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro"

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Assessment of different diets in the productive behavior of native guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) from the Andes of Ecuador
(2023) Jacome Aucay, Andres Santiago; Velesaca Ayala, Pablo Geovanny; Garay Peña, Gabriela Sofía; Murillo Apolo, Yury Agapito; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Nieto Escandón, Pedro Emilio
The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance of native guinea pigs fed forage and forage plus concentrate diets. Thirty-six native weaned guinea pigs from the Provinces of Azuay and Cañar were distributed under a completely randomized design consisting of six diets with different levels of inclusion of grass (Lolium multiflorum) and legume (Medicago sativa) with or without the addition of concentrate (D1, D2, D3 and D4, D5, D6, respectively), where productive performance: total feed intake (CTA), total protein intake (CTP), feed conversion (CA), final live weight (PF), total weight gain (GPT), average daily weight gain (GDP) and economic parameters (Production cost, net profit, merit economic) was evaluated in the different treatments. Diets 3 (20 % L. multiflorum; 70 % M. sativa and 10 % commercial feed) and 4 (20 % L. multiflorum; 80 % M. sativa) had the best CA (8.21 and 8.59; P<0.05, respectively); GPT (624.47 and 593.78 g; P<0.05, respectively) and daily GDP compared to the other treatments (5.95 and 5.66 g·d-1; P<0.05, respectively). Therefore, although native guinea pigs have lower productive yields with respect to improved lines, the diets that allow expressing their maximum performance in reference to CA, GPT, GDP, PF and economic merit, are those containing levels greater than 50 % of alfalfa inclusion with or without commercial concentrate.
Caracterización morfométrica de útero, ovarios y ovocitos de cobayas criollas (Cavia porcellus) de la sierra sur de Ecuador
(ALPA, 2018) Fernandez Jara, Adriana Estefania; Encalada Sinche, Tania Alexandra; Guaman Guallpa, Anabel Gabriela; Ayala Guanga, Luis Eduardo; Argudo Garzon, Daniel Ernesto; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Perea Ganchou, Fernando Pedro; Fernandez Jara, Adriana Estefania
Los cuyes o cobayos son animales de gran interés productivo en la sierra ecuatoriana y en otros países andinos, debido a que constituyen una fuente alimenticia de alto valor nutritivo y de consumo tradicional; sin embargo, muchos aspectos morfológicos y fisiológicos de estos animales han sido poco estudiados. Se estableció como objetivo de este estudio caracterizar morfométricamente el útero, ovarios y ovocitos de cobayas (Cavia porcellus) nativas de la Sierra sur del Ecuador. Se utilizaron 18 cobayas primíparas de línea genética Azuay y Cañar, con un peso promedio 1002.7 ± 212.7 gramos, en buen estado de salud, que pertenecían a la Unidad de Producción de Cuyes de la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad de Cuenca. Los animales fueron faenados siguiendo las normas de bioética y bienestar animal consideradas por la Organización Mundial para la Salud Animal. Luego de ser identificado y aislado el aparato reproductor de cada hembra, los ovarios fueron retirados y colocados en solución fisiológica a 37ºC, hasta ser pesados en una balanza analítica y medidos su largo y ancho con un calibrador metálico. Los úteros fueron removidos y separados del tejido circundante, e inmediatamente medidos los cuernos derecho e izquierdo, así como también el cuerpo y cuello uterino. Los ovocitos obtenidos (n=48) mediante la técnica de slicing (cortes múltiples sucesivos de la corteza ovárica) dentro de una placa de Petri con solución fisiológica, fueron identificados y lavados varias veces, y removidas las células de cumulo mediante pipeteo repetido en un medio con hialuronidasa al 0,1%. Luego fueron fotografiados y medidos con un software (AmScope V3.7) calibrado para realizar mediciones microscópicas. Los datos se analizaron con el programa estadístico SAS. El peso de los ovarios fue 77±27 miligramos (derecho 77,7; izquierdo 76,3), y su largo y ancho de 8,05±1,25 (derecho: 8,27; izquierdo: 7,83) y 5,27±1,14 mm (derecho: 5,38; izquierdo: 5,16) respectivamente. El cuerno derecho midió 7,97±1,74 cm y el izquierdo 7,85±1.75 cm; mientras que el cuerpo y el cuello uterino midieron 1,2±0,37 y 1,1±0,22 cm respectivamente. La zona pelucida de los ovocitos midió 12,1±2,5 mμ, mientras que su diámetro (sin zona pelucida) y volumen fueron de 75,6±8,2 μm y 234003,8±76547,1 μm3 respectivamente. Se concluye que el peso y las dimensiones de los ovarios derecho e izquierdo de cobayas nativas es similar. Asimismo, conocer las características morfológicas del aparato reproductivo de esta especie es de gran valor para comprender mejor los aspectos funcionales de la misma.
Caracterización y determinantes del rendimiento académico de estudiantes de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca
(2018) Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Aguilar Valladares, Yolanda Mercedes; Vásquez Zamora, Ana Lucía; Guzmán Espinoza, Clelia Kathrine
The present descriptive correlational and transversal research was carried out in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the University of Cuenca, Careers in Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics and Agronomic Engineering located in the province of Azuay, Ecuador, South America. The objective was to characterize the students enrolled in the period March - August 2016 and establish the determinants of university academic performance, 100% of the student population was applied a structured survey on sociodemographic aspects and satisfaction on educational aspects using a Likert scale and analyzed the databases of the Socio-Economic Management Systems (SGSE) and Academic Management (SGA) of the University of Cuenca, grouping 48 possible personal, social and institutional determinants. For data analysis, the statistical package IBM® SPSS® Statistics version 24 and Microsoft Office Excel® version 16.0 software were used, considering the appropriate tools for a descriptive and correlational investigation. The study showed that the largest student population comes from the area of direct influence of the University of Cuenca and tax colleges with a performance rating in the baccalaureate of very good the same that fail to be maintained and/or overcome by the majority of students in the course of their third level training, reducing their performance to a regular or good rating. Of the determinants studied, only 18 show a relationship with university academic performance, although this is minimal or low.
Caracterización zoométrica, parametría productiva y reproductiva de dos ecotipos de cuy criollo provenientes de la provincia de Azuay y Cañar a través de la conformación de núcleos exsitu y su comparación con una línea mejorada
(2017) Cedillo Ramón, Johanna Elizabeth; Quizhpi Guamán, José Narciso; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro
The research was made out in the Irquis experimental farm of the University of Cuenca, the purpose of these research was to determ the zoometric features, productive and reproductive pattern of two ecotypes of guineapigs from the Azuay and Cañar province through the formation of groups (exsitu) to be able to make a later comparition with the peruvian guineapig. A total of 90 animals were studied, there were 3 different groups, each group contain 30 animals. The study was made in cages, the animals were fed with forrage and water. For the investigation was use descriptive estadistic and ANOVA with 5%, Duncan test, as well as Kruskal- Wallis and Mann- Whitney test. In the zoometric evaluation many variables were considered: birth weight, weaning, during 90 days: measurment of body, foot ears, head and height, having as result 103,2g- 112,6g; 187,1g- 200,5g; 473,7g- 604g; 20,9cm- 22,8cm; 4,2cm- 4,5cm; 6,2cm,- 6,7cm; 2,9cm - 3,1cm;6,0cm- 6,5cm for Azuay and Cañar. The straight coat type 1 and overo combination were the most notorious of the study, on ears and eyes the black color was the one that stand out the two ecotypes; the formula 4-3 was the most common in both ecotypes, the examination was made on the paws of the front limb and rear limbs. The size and weight measurment of the litter at birth and weaning were: 2,2- 2,6 baby guineapigs, 219,3g- 287,6g; 1,9- 2,4 baby guineapigs, 354g- 482.4g. The fertility percentage was 92% and 96%, meanwhile the mortality before and after weaning was 7 and 6% for the Cañar ecotype and 7 and 15% for the Azuay. The gaining weight, consumption and conversion registered: 285.3g and 407.1g, 2981.9g and 2893.4g, 11.1 and 7.4 first data for Azuay and second for Cañar.
Comparación de camadas de cobayas (Cavia porcelus) de genotipos ecuatorianos y la línea mejorada Perú
(2019) Quizhpi Guamán, José Narciso; Nieto Escandón, Pedro Emilio; Taboada Pico, Juan Wualverto; Cedillo Ramón, Johanna Elizabeth; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Guevara Viera, Guillermo Emilio
Background: The danger of disappearance of the different unprotected genotypes in the Andean highlands of Ecuador forces us to study and propose conservation measures to maintain that biological richness that has enormous prospects for the feeding of humanity. The objective of the study was to compare the sizes and weights of the litters until the weaning of native Ecuadorian guinea pigs from the provinces of Azuay, Cañar and the improved line of Peru. Methods: The study was carried out in the experimental farm of Irquis of the Faculty of Agropecific Sciences of the University of Cuenca. The database was constructed with the records of breeders prospective among the farmers of the provinces of Azuay and Cañar, taking as a reference the phenotypic characteristics. Results: No significant differences were proved for the month of parturition or for the number of births or the genotype in the size of the litter at weaning. The Azuay did not differ from Peru in the size of the litter at birth (3.1 and 3.2 respectively). This one exceeded in the weight of the litter at birth and at weaning with 432 and 837 g at 313 and 570 g of Azuay, which does not differ from the Cañar genotype. Conclusions: The Creole genotypes of Azuay and Cañar showed inferiority in the traits related to birth weight and mortality compared to Peru. The Azuay does not differ from Peru or in litter size at birth or at weaning, this genotype manifested a potential that can be developed.
Comparación del tratamiento de heridas abiertas en piel en base a Triticum vulgare y Óxido de zinc en perros (Canis lupus familiaris)
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-02-15) Espinosa Carrión, Andrea Viviana; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro
In the daily routine of the veterinary clinic there is a high incidence of attention to animals affected by injuries in the skin. Most of these open wounds are sutured, but sometimes for different reasons the sutures break; in other cases there are wounds that cannot be sutured at first and alternative treatments are needed to heal. There are few natural topical alternatives that have a quick and inexpensive result in treating wounds; In human medicine the extract of Triticum vulgare (ETV) is used where the wheat seed germinates in particular conditions of suffering, temperature below 4°C and absolute darkness from which its extract is obtained; there are few studies showing positive results with ETV application in animals. The objective of this study was to compare the healing time of open wounds in dogs, treated with Triticum vulgare extract cream and Zinc Oxide cream. A total of 21 patients with open wounds were evaluated, divided into 3 groups of 7 patients for each of the treatments: T0 or Control, T1-Zinc Oxide, T2-Tritucum vulgare. The wounds were recorded according to Kundin's method, and Byung Joo's method was used for their description. Descriptive statistics, Chi Square, ANOVA and, where necessary, Duncan's test of significance were used for statistical analysis. The results obtained on day 5 of application showed a reduction of the wound comparing to the initial values, where Zinc Oxide (T1.-OZ) reduced 57% of the total wound, this reduction value is greater than ETV (T2.-ETV) and statistically similar to the Control (T0.-Control). From day 10 these values are standardized and gradually reduced in the same way in all treatments until day 15. There is no statistically significant difference between the treatments used and the percentage of wound closure on days 10 and 15 behaving in the same way. different shape only on day 5. Visually the treatments show different behaviors within the healing process, although all of them are efficient at the end of the process.
Comparison between ecuadoran genotypes of cavy litters (cavia porcellus) and cavies bBred in Peru
(2019) Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Cedillo Ramon, Johanna Elizabeth; Taboada Pico, Juan Wualverto; Nieto Escandón, Pedro Emilio; Quizhpi Guamán, José Narciso; Guevara Viera, Guillermo Emilio
Background: The threat of extinction posed on different unprotected genotypes from the Andean Ranges of Ecuador is calling for new studies and preservation measures to keep the biological diversity of the area, which has enormous perspectives for human nutrition. The aim of this paper was to compare the sizes and weights up to the weaning stage of native Ecuadoran cavy litters in Azuay province, with the Peruvian-bred line. Methods: The study took place on Irquis experimental farm, belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Cuenca, Ecuador. The database was based on the records of breeding animals screened among farmers from Azuay and Cañar, and it included their phenotypic traits. Results: No significant differences were observed in the month of parturition, or the number of parturitions, or the genotype regarding the size of the litter at weaning. The data from Azuay and Peru were similar in terms of litter size at birth (3.1 and 3.2, respectively). However, it was higher regarding litter weight at birth and weaning (432 and 837 g, compared to the 313 and 570 g from Azuay, but no different from Cañar). Conclusions: The native genotypes from Azuay and Cañar were inferior to the Peruvian genotype, in terms of birth weight and weaning weight. Azuay was no different from Peru, according to litter size at birth or weaning. The potential observed in this genotype should be further developed.
Desarrollo agroindustrial: un impulso para la producción animal en industrialización
(Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo. UNACH, 2024) Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Taboada Pico, Juan Wualverto; Once Carabajo, Veronica Elizabeth; Ayala Guanga, Luis Eduardo
Determinación de elementos químicos en suero sanguíneo de bovinos hembras en producción aparentemente sanos, en el Carmen de Tarqui
(1992) Ríos A., Grace; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Palacios Ordóñez, Teófilo Estuardo
Diversidad florística y estructura en cacaotales tradicionales y bosque natural (Sumaco, Ecuador)
(2016) Jadán Maza, Ángel Oswaldo; Torres, Bolier; Selesi, Daniela; Peña Tapia, Denisse Fabiola; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Günter, Sven
he diversity, horizontal and vertical structure of tree and shrub vegetation in traditional cocoa plantations and primary forest were characterized. The alpha and beta diversity were evaluated and the relations-hips between richness with the structure of the arbo-real vegetation were identified. The forest recorded the highest values in species richness, abundance and structure, followed by the traditional agrofores-try system with cacao seed. The most important eco-logically species in the forest were Iriartea deltoidea and Otoba glycycarpa. In all traditional agroforestry systems were Cordia alliodora and Cedrela odorata. In agroforestry systems with cocoa crops, the rich-ness of species is positively correlated with the den-sity and the basal area, marking a direct dependence between these variables. This result cannot be gene-ralized because in the primary forest and the agro-forestry system of subsistence, these dependencies are not recorded. This is possibly explained by the ages of trees, the size of the vegetation and the ran-dom distribution of individuals over the richness of the species. It was concluded that the primary forest and the agro-forestry system with cacao seeds are the most important systems for the conservation of tree and shrub species, according to the richness, diversity, similarity indices and vegetation structure.
Efecto de biopreparados sobre el comportamiento bioproductivo, calidad de la canal y carne de cobayos (cavia porcellus) de engorde.
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-07-26) Once Carabajo, Verónica Elizabeth; Coyago Sánchez, Marco Vinicio; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro
Bioadditives with probiotic capacity included in the diet of animals in appropriate quantities have a positive impact on animal health; however, their use in developing countries is limited by the high cost of obtaining them. A viable alternative would be the use of probiotics generated from agro-industrial by-products, so in this study we set out to evaluate the effect of bioadditives from agro-industrial by-products fermented with bacteria and yeasts on the bioproductive behavior, meat quality and carcass of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). The study used 80 weaned guinea pigs, with 300 ± 10 g body weight and 20 ± 5 days of age, divided into four groups or treatments of 20 animals each, 10 male and female animals were housed separately in each cage: T1 control, T2 fermented with Kluyveromyces fragilis spp, T3 fermented with Kluyveromy fragilis spp and Lactobacillus acidophilus, T4 fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus. The additives were administered every 3 days, with doses of 1 mL according to the established treatments. At the end of the study, the animals were slaughtered and the production indicators (weight gain, average daily gain and food conversion), health (diarrheal cases and mortality), meat (Colour, pH and Compactness) were evaluated. The data were analyzed with the statistical package SPPS 2. 5. obtaining the results that the addition of probiotics from agro- industrial by-products containing Lactobacillus acidophilus and Kluyveromyces fragilis together in suspension improves production indicators, health, quality of meat and carcass, thanks to a probable synergistic effect between them.
Efecto de la exposición a la luz artificial sobre calidad espermática, morfometría testicular y niveles de testosterona en cuyes
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-03-18) Guanga Lucero, Evelyn Daniela; Quilli Barbecho, María Beatriz; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro
The study evaluated exposure to artificial light on sperm quality, testicular morphometry and testosterone levels in guinea pigs. Forty-eight male guinea pigs were divided into four randomized treatments: T1: 24H light, T2: 18H light, T3: 12H light and T4: 0H no exposure. Blood testosterone was evaluated on days 1, 30, 60 of the experiment. Testicular morphometry was determined after castration; for the assessment of sperm quality, epididymal spermatozoa were recovered by retrograde flow using 0.5 ml of commercial diluent (Botu- Semen special®). The results showed that artificial light significantly (p<0.05) affected left (ETI) and right (ETD) testis thickness at T1. Testosterone levels at day 60 were significantly higher at T3 (5.22 ng/ml) (p<0.05) compared to T2 (2.76 ng/ml), with no difference between T1 and T4. On sperm quality, significant differences (p<0.05) were found in sperm concentration between T4 and T3, but did not differ in the other treatments; for kinetic parameters total motility (MT) was higher (p<0.05) in T4 (81.33%) compared to T1 (74.46%). In progressive motility (PM) and progressive fast rectilinear velocity were higher (p<0.05) at T2 (48.65%; 41.44 μm/s) and T4 (55.38%; 41.45 μm/s) compared to T1 (45.54%; 37.01 μm/s). In conclusion, the different periods of artificial light did not influence testicular morphometry but did influence testosterone levels, sperm quality and testicular histology
Efecto de la extirpación de las espículas del glande del cuy como técnia de esterilización reproductiva y su influencia en agresividad y ganancia de peso en comparación con un método químico alcohol yodado al 2%
(2016) Aucapiña Cuenca, Cristian Daniel; Marín Peñaranda, Ángel Danilo; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro
ABSTRACT This research evaluated the effect of the removal of the spicules of the glans in guinea pigs as reproductive sterilization method and its influence on aggressiveness and weight gain compared to a chemical method (iodized alcohol 2%) and a witness. Two stages of study contemplated, the first valued aggressiveness and weight gain in 90 male guinea pigs of 45 days old with an average weight of 658.3 ± 8,54gr the which were distributed in groups of 5 animals per cage; for the second stage was considered fertility and prolificacy in 90 females guinea pigs sexually mature of 3 months old, which were paired with 18 males obtained randomly from a subsample of the first stage, the pairing relationship was five females a male. The study animals were distributed in the following treatments: T1 whole animals (n = 30), T2 removed spicules animals (n = 30) and T3 castrated animals with iodized alcohol 2% (n = 30). The obtained data were processed and analyzed in SPSS version 22.0 program determined that the total weight gain was 836.4 ± 33,89gr for T1, T2 and T3 24,54gr 860.5 ± 725.5 ± 30.45 with statistical significance (P <0.05) for T1 and T2 compared to T3. Referring to aggressiveness measured by the damage level canal posterior zone back tallied statistically significant (p> 0.05) between treatments were obtained. As fertility was obtained: T1 a value of 66.7%, 86.7% T2 and T3 having 12% statistical significance (p <0.05) between treatments. Prolificacy means for varying values was obtained: T1 2.47 ± 0.34; T2 3.43 ± 0.32 and 0.40 ± 0.22 T3, with significant differences (p <0.05) only for T3 was the least pups obtained. In conclusion, the extirpation of the spicules of the glans the guinea pigs not sterilizes reproductively on the contrary
Efecto de la extirpación de las espículas del pene de cuy (cavia porcellus) sobre el rendimiento a la canal en comparación con la castración química con alcohol yodado al 2%
(2018) Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Rodas Carpio, Ermes Ramiro; Nieto Escandón, Pedro Emilio; Bravo Álvarez, María Ximena
The aim of this study was to determine and compare the effect of the removal of the spicules of the penis of guinea pig and chemical castration on weight after 12-hour fast pre slaughter and carcass yield. 72 guinea pigs Type I between 35- 45 days of age were used, the same that were distributed in three treatments, T1 whole animals without castration, T2 animals removed spicules glans and T3 chemically castrated animals with iodized alcohol 2% intratesticular; removal and castration was performed in the fifth week of age. Live weight loss by fasting 12 hours pre slaughter, carcass yield relative to live weight at the end of the production process and post-fasting through design covariance initial weight was evaluated. The weight lost by fasting for 12 hours before slaughter showed no REDVET Rev. Electrón. vet. http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet 2018 Volumen 19 Nº 4 - ¿http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet/n040418.html Efecto de la extirpación de las espículas del pene de cuy (Cavia porcellus) sobre el rendimiento a la canal en comparación con la castración química con alcohol yodado al 2% http://www.veterinaria.org/revistas/redvet/n040418/041805.pdf 2 significant difference (P≥0.05) between treatments being lower for T2 (108.62 g.); the carcass performance relative to body weight before and after fasting shows significant differences (P<0.05) in favor of T2 (70.82% and 76.23%). This is concluded that the removal of the spicules of the penis in guinea pigs improves performance at the carcass
Efecto del flushing energético sobre la población folicular, el número de cuerpos lúteos y calidad ovocitaria en cobayas primerizas
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-01-19) Lema Zhañay, Erika Belén; Tenecela Pintado, María del Cisne; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro
The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of energy flushing administered in primiparous guinea pigs on the follicular population, number of corpora lutea and oocyte quality. Sixty-four primiparous guinea pigs from the Peru line were used and were randomly distributed in 4 dietary treatments with different energy levels, T0 (2400 Kcal/kg of DM), T1 (2600 kcal/kg of DM), T2 (2800 kcal/kg of DM). DM) and T3 (3000 kcal/kg DM). The guinea pigs were fed for 11 days with a forage mixture of red clover plus rye-grass and supplemental feed of corn flour, wheat bran and molasses. All animals were subjected to estrous synchronization by applying PGF2α. At the end of the experiment, the guinea pigs were sacrificed and the ovaries were removed. The COCs were recovered using the slicing method and categorized into three types and histological sections were made to count follicles and corpora lutea. No significant differences were found in the total number of follicles, follicular classification or in the number of corpora lutea. However, the total number of oocytes recovered, the number of category A and B oocytes were (p<0.05) significantly higher in the T3 guinea pigs (222 oocytes), unlike the other treatments. Furthermore, an increase in the percentage of suitable oocytes was observed in T3. In conclusion, increasing the energy level in the diet did not influence the follicular population or the number of corpora lutea, but it did influence the number and quality of oocytes.
Estudio exploratorio sobre la presencia de contaminantes en leche cruda proveniente de la cuenca lechera del Tarqui de la Sierra Sur Ecuatoriana
(2017) Serpa Garcia, Victor Guillermo
The present survey aimed to define the presence of contaminants in the raw milk of ten collection centers, with a reception capacity between 2,000 and 10,000 liters, situated in seven cantons of the Province of Azuay. Ninety samples were collected during three visits to each of the collection centers during the months of July and August 2016. In each sample the presence of antibiotics, hydrogen peroxide and neutralizers was analyzed by means of rapid diagnostic tests accredited in the food safety laboratory of AGROCALIDAD, an official institution of quality control. For the detection of antibiotics, a Trisensor® kit with validated sensitivity, applied worldwide, was used to detect and evaluate the level of three antibiotic families: beta-lactams, sulfonamides and tetracyclines, versus the maximum permissible limits in the Codex Alimentarius. The detection of hydrogen peroxide was performed by Test M-Quant™ measuring a range between 0.5 to 25 mg per liter of milk. The presence of neutralizers was determined by the alizarin method according to NTE NTE INEN 10:2012. 141,500 liters of raw milk were analyzed of which 64.7% were not fit for human consumption for the presence of one or more of the studied substances according to the NTE INEN Standard 9:2012 and the Codex Alimentarius. 13.3% of the samples were positive for beta-lactam antibiotics, but sulfonamides and tetracyclines was not detected. Besides 16.4% of the raw milk was adulterated with hydrogen peroxide and 60% with neutralizers.
Estudio exploratorio sobre la presencia de contaminantes en leche cruda proveniente de la cuenca lechera del Tarqui de la sierra sur ecuatoriana
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017) Ortíz A., Maira; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Aguilar Valladares, Yolanda Mercedes; Murillo Apolo, Yury Agapito; Serpa García, Víctor Guillermo; Paguay N., Tatania; Coronel A., Angel G.
The present survey aimed to define the presence of contaminants in the raw milk of ten collection centers, with a reception capacity between 2,000 and 10,000 liters, situated in seven cantons of the Province of Azuay. Ninety samples were collected during three visits to each of the collection centers during the months of July and August 2016. In each sample the presence of antibiotics, hydrogen peroxide and neutralizers was analyzed by means of rapid diagnostic tests accredited in the food safety laboratory of AGROCALIDAD, an official institution of quality control. For the detection of antibiotics, a Trisensor® kit with validated sensitivity, applied worldwide, was used to detect and evaluate the level of three antibiotic families: beta-lactams, sulfonamides and tetracyclines, versus the maximum permissible limits in the Codex Alimentarius. The detection of hydrogen peroxide was performed by Test M-Quant™ measuring a range between 0.5 to 25 mg per liter of milk. The presence of neutralizers was determined by the alizarin method according to NTE NTE INEN 10:2012. 141,500 liters of raw milk were analyzed of which 64.7% were not fit for human consumption for the presence of one or more of the studied substances according to the NTE INEN Standard 9:2012 and the Codex Alimentarius. 13.3% of the samples were positive for beta-lactam antibiotics, but sulfonamides and tetracyclines was not detected. Besides 16.4% of the raw milk was adulterated with hydrogen peroxide and 60% with neutralizers
Evaluación de tres niveles de inclusión de harina aviar en la dieta de cuyes en etapa de engorde
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-05-16) Orrego Vargas, Sheznarda Lucila; Sigua Vizhco, Christian Fabián; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro
Guinea pigs are currently fed the so-called traditional diet consisting of; corn flour, wheat bran, and molasses which supplement their typically diet of forage in Azuay. This diet does not provide satisfactory results for producers since the animals do not reach the desired weight at 3 months; as they do not receive the amount of protein necessary for their growth. An alternative to obtain good yields and for the animals to gain adequate weight at 12 weeks is avian flour (AF); since it contains a protein level of 58%. In the present investigation, the incorporation of avian flour in different concentrations to the overfeed fraction of the traditional diet of guinea pigs in the fattening stage was evaluated (T0 alfalfa, T1 alfalfa + traditional diet (TD) control treatment, T2 alfalfa + TD + 10% AF, T3 alfalfa + TD + 15% AF, T4 alfalfa + TD + 20% AF) 80 crossbred weaned males from the Peru line were used, where the productive parameters and organoleptic characteristics were determined at 90 and 105 days. The addition of avian flour in 20% T4 on day 90 and 105 registers the highest weight showing a significant difference with respect to T0. The abdominal fat present in the abdominal cavity is greater in T4 with respect to the control treatment both on day 90. As at day 105, the organoleptic characteristics of the meat improve by adding avian flour to the diet, making the addition of this by-product convenient
Evaluar la sincronización de celo con PG y su efecto estimado sobre la fertilidad y prolificidad en cobayas nativas
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-09-23) Bermeo Bacuilima, Melida Maribel; Guamán Guallpa, Anabel Gabriela; Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro
The native guinea pig is an autochthonous resource of the Country with unique characteristics of rusticity and adaptability; however, these native subpopulations have been affected by the introduction of improved lines, leading to the loss of local genetics, for which there is a need to implement reproductive biotechnologies that allow safeguarding this valuable genetic material, but to apply these techniques it is It is necessary first to control the estrous cycle of the female. For this reason, the objective of this research was to evaluate estrus synchronization with PGF2α, its estimated effect on fertility and prolificacy in primiparous native guinea pigs, whose purpose was to establish an efficient time interval that allows estrus synchronization. For this, 32 native guinea pigs with a similar weight and age (449,13 ± 31,6 g and 3 months) were used, randomly distributed in 4 treatments of 8 animals each. Prior to estrus synchronization, the estrous cycle was determined by opening the vaginal membrane (AM) and vaginal cytology with Wright's stain. On the other hand, for estrus synchronization the following treatments were used: control T1 without PGF2α; T2 0,04 mg of PGF2α day 0 and day 7; T3 0,04 mg PGF2α, day 0 and day 9; T4 dose of 0,04 mg of PGF2α, day 0 and day 11; estrus synchronization efficiency was evaluated through AM, fertility rate and prolificacy. Thus, an estrous cycle duration of 15,82 ± 0,57 days was determined, distributed in: proestrus 33 ± 5,2 hours, estrus 8,31 ± 0,7 hours, metestrus 33,37 ± 5 hours and right-handed 12,31 ±0,6 days. Besides, it was shown that the effective estrus synchronization treatment was T4, with 100% AM compared to T2 and T3 that did not exhibit AM and T1 exhibited 37,5% AM. The fertility and prolificacy rate in T4 was 87,5% and 2.57 pups/female. It is concluded that the application of 0,04 mg of PGF2α on days 0 and 11 was efficient to synchronize oestrus, exhibiting satisfactory fertility and prolificacy rates in primiparous native guinea pigs.
Extirpación de las espículas del pene de cuy (Cavia porcellus) y su efecto sobre la ganancia de peso y agresividad
(2018) Rosales Jaramillo, Cornelio Alejandro; Rodas Carpio, Ermes Ramiro; Nieto Escandón, Pedro Emilio; Torres Inga, Carlos Santiago; Gordillo Guambaña, Burgos Geovanny; Aucapiña Cuenca, Cristian Daniel; Marin Peñaranda, Angel Danilo
This research took place on the Irquis Farm, University of Cuenca, Victoria del Portete parish, Cuenca canton, province of Anzuay, Ecuador. This research studied the effects of penile spicule extirpation on weight gain and aggressiveness, ents: whole animals without castration, used as controls (T1); animals with extirpation of the gland´s spicules (T2); and chemically castrated animals, using 0.5 ml of 2 % alcohol with iodine, directly injected in each testicle (T3). A total of 90 animals were included, following a randomized block design with six treatments and five replicas. The diet consisted of forage mixture of 33-35 % dry matter, and a commercial feed supplement administered ad libitum. A covariance analysis (ANACOVA) was made, using the initial weight as co-variable. The final weight was significantly influenced by the treatment; the Tukey test resulted in greater final weight in T2, followed by T1. Their behavior was significantly different from T3 (P < 0.05). In relation to aggressiveness, expressed in carcass damage, no significant differences were observed, according to Chi square (P > 0.05).