Browsing by Author "Castro Jerez, Gonzalo"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4

Caracterización de la producción lechera en fincas con el sistema de pastoreo al sogueo en el cantón Biblián, provincia del Cañar - Ecuador
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-08-05) Castro Calle, Graciela Alejandra; Maza Tandazo, Diego Valentín; Castro Jerez, Gonzalo
This research was conducted in the canton of Biblián with the objective of characterizing dairy production and determining the productive and reproductive parameters of cattle farms managed with the tethering grazing system. The research approach was a cross-sectional descriptive study. A sample of 99 cattle farms or Agricultural Production Units (UPAs) was selected, distributed evenly among the four rural parishes and one urban parish of the canton, according to the UPA population. An observation visit and survey were conducted at each farm to obtain the required information. The results regarding the general characteristics of a tethered dairy farm in the canton of Biblián indicate an average size of 4.27 hectares, with a stocking rate of 2.86 adult units/hectare (AU/Ha); the predominant genetic group is mixed breed (50%) and Holstein (40%). Manual milking is practiced by 95.95% of the farms, with 57.57% milking with the calf at foot. The average rope length used for large animals is 3.59 m, while for small animals it averages 2.39 m. Regarding dietary supplementation, 85.85% supplement with balanced concentrate and 90.9% with mineral salts. Productive parameters determined include an average production of 9.98 liters/cow/day and 13.64 liters/hectare/day, with a weaning age of 4.36 months; a low general mortality rate of 2.11% was found. The most commonly used reproductive method is natural mating at 46.24%, followed by artificial insemination at 31.18%, and 22.58% use a combination of natural mating and artificial insemination. Reproductive parameters found were: pregnancy rate 67.55%, birth rate 79.4%, age at first calving 29 months, calving interval 411 days, open days 128 days, and abortion rate 5.25%
Efecto del uso de probióticos sobre la salud y la calidad de leche en vacas Holstein Friesian en lactancia
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-05-17) Ramos Loyola, Jorge Andrés; Castro Jerez, Gonzalo
The aim of this research was to determine the effect of probiotics on the health and milk quality of Holstein cows. The treatments were as follows: T1 control; T2 basal diet plus 50 ml of probiotic containing L. acidophilus and L. bulgaricus; T3 basal diet plus 50 ml of probiotic containing K. fragilis and S. cerevisiae. These treatments were repeated 6 times over 75 days. A Completely Randomized Design was used. Red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, and platelets were measured. Cholesterol, total proteins, and aspartate aminotransferase were also measured. The red blood cell count was higher for T1 (P<0.10) at day 0 with 10.15 × 10^9/L. Platelets were higher in T2 at day 0 with 375.83 × 10^9/L and higher for T3 at day 75 with 366.50 × 10^9/L (P<0.10). Hemoglobin was high in T1 (P<0.10) at day 45 with 103.17 × 10^9/L. At 60 days, T3 showed higher milk quality (P<0.10) in fat with 3.52%, protein 3.13%, lactose 4.80%, and non-fat solids 8.72%. T3 also showed higher values at 75 days (P<0.10), in fat 3.67%, protein 3.22%, non-fat solids 8.88%, total solids 12.55%, and salts 0.67%. The potential use of probiotic biopreparations with antimicrobial activity in animal feed production of zootechnical interest is confirmed, in addition to their effects on milk quality, hematological, and blood biochemical indicators in dairy cows in the first third of lactation; showing changes in the final days of the trial
Evaluación de los efectos de lasalocid sódico en los paramétros productivos de una ganadería comercial de leche, en pastoreo
(2003) Castro Jerez, Gonzalo; Guamán Guamán, Daniel; Batallas, Carlos
Evaluación del efecto de dos bioaditivos obtenidos a partir de subproductos agroindustriales fermentados con bacterias y levaduras sobre el comportamiento productivo de cuyes (Cavia porcellus)
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, 2025-10-02) Gómez Criollo, Walter Fabián; Castro Jerez, Gonzalo
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two bio-additives obtained from agro- industrial by-products fermented with lactic acid bacteria and yeasts on the productive behavior of guinea pigs in the growth and fattening stage. For this purpose, an experimental work was conducted with 90 guinea pigs at the “Irquis” farm, belonging to the University of Cuenca. The guinea pigs were given probiotics of agro-industrial by-products fermented with lactic acid bacteria and yeast in order to evaluate weight gain, as well as productive parameters and health indicators. The guinea pigs used in the study were distributed in 9 groups of 10 animals, being TC (T1) the control group, TL (TL2, TL3, TL4, TL5) the groups to which the bioadditive with Lactobacillus acidophilus was administered, and TK (TK6, TK7, TK8, TK9) the bioadditive with Kluyveromyces fragilis was applied, with doses of 0.15ml, 0.25ml, 0.35ml, .050ml respectively. The data collected were processed with SPSS version 27, using parametric and non-parametric statistics. There was higher weight gain with TL of 0.50ml for males and 0.25ml for females, for TK at doses of 0.35ml for males and 0.50ml for females respectively. It was also observed that the mortality and diarrhea rate is less frequent in the treatments to which the bioadditives were added. In most cases, the addition of two or more probiotic microorganisms in the feed portion of the guinea pigs provides an evident significant improvement in the productive behavior of the animals. The hematocrit, red blood cell count and hematometric indices of VCM and CHCM showed minimal but statistically significant variations in the treatments administered with yeasts and bacteria, which suggests that their implementation avoids diarrhea and improves hematological values, mainly if they are administered together.