Browsing by Author "Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 35

Análisis bromatológico de diferentes grupos de alimentos consumidos en el Azuay
(2007-11-11) Bastidas, Andrea; Gavilanes, Lady; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Análisis bromatológico de los alimentos balanceados elaborados en la ciudad de Cuenca
(1993-11-11) Leta Nivicela, Rosa; Rendón Escandón, Ximena; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Calibración y validación del equipo milkoscan FT1 para la determinación de parámetros fisicoquímicos en leche cruda en la Industria de Lácteos San Antonio C.A.
(2015) Pauta Zaruma, Ana Sofía; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
This thesis arises from the need to use the equipment MilkoScan FT1 for analysis of raw milk, as a measure of quality control. It is a manufactured equipment technology based on FTIR analyzer from FOSS MilkoScan FT120. The study was conducted in San Antonio Dairy Company located in the Industrial Park of the City of Cuenca. The project objective was to calibrate and validate the equipment MilkoScan FT1 in analyzes of fat, total solids, nonfat solids and specific gravity at 20 ° C in raw milk. For calibration were used 80 raw milk samples. For the regression was used the partial least squares model, obtaining a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.999 and a standard error of prediction (EEP) to fat 0.009; a r of 0.996 and 0.147 of EEP to total solids; a r of 0.990 and 0.061 of EEP to non-fat solids; r of 0.993 and 0.633 EEP to relative density at 20 ° C. In the validation were analyzed 80 raw milk samples. The validation showed that the analytical method used was linear, precise, accurate, sensitive, robust in the concentration range studied. Both the validation process and the development of analytical procedures were performed in order to meet the technical requirements specified in ISO / IEC 17025 accreditation for Food Science Laboratory.
Caracterización fisicoquímica de la saliva de niños de temprana infancia que asisten al centro Infantil de cuidado diario Perpetuo Socorro
(2018-05-04) Alarcón Valverde, Beatriz Leonila; Jiménez Castillo, Priscila Yazmin; Romero Figueroa, Elsa Ximena; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Saliva is a key fluid in protecting the oral health particularly in children in early childhood, so it can be considered as a preventive factor in caries process. This essay was longitudinal, prospective, and non-experimental. The pH, salivary flow, and salivary buffer capacity were determined according target times in unstimulated saliva of 150 children in early childhood who attend “Perpetuo Socorro” daycare, were split up in three groups according to their age: (10 to 22 months), (23 to 35 months) y (36 to 48 months). Sampling was done in the morning, after lunch, and after a nap. Microsoft Excel and SPSS v.20 programs were used for the statistical analysis. The 80.44 percent of the population showed salivary pH normal parameters. Group one and two showed low flow and salivary buffer capacity values of 57.33 percent and 58 percent respectively and a 6.75 percent had critical salivary flow values while group three showed a normal value of 49.66 percent. Statistical analyzes were performed at a confidence interval of 95%. In Friedman’s test p=0,000 was obtained, with significant differences at different times of saliva collection, presence of a linear association was found with Pearson correlation p > 0,005 and no differences for salivary pH among the three groups were found with a direct correlation between the three variables and one-way correlation ANOVA; flow and salivary buffer capacity homogeneity were found between group one and two; although, group three differs from this result. The study population would be exposed to dental caries formation by low and critical value
Concentración de flúor en agua en parroquias rurales del cantón Cuenca–Ecuador
(2023) Parra Coronel, Janeth Judith; Cabrera Andrade, Andrea Alexandra; Soto Minchalo, Gisselle Marcela; Torres Calle, María Fernanda; Andrade Tenesaca, Dolores Susana; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Introducción: El flúor en agua potable ha demostrado ser efectivo contra las caries, sin embargo, una alta exposición a fluoruros es una de las principales causas de fluorosis dental en niños. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la concentración de flúor en agua de consumo para conocer si constituye un factor de riesgo para la fluorosis dental en niños del sector rural de Cuenca-Ecuador. Metodos: El muestreo se realizó en nueve parroquias rurales del cantón, en tres puntos de red: (1) tanques de captación, (2) tanques de almacenamiento del sistema de potabilización, y (3) el sistema de distribución en escuelas, considerando el periodo estacional de verano (época sequía) o invierno (época lluviosa). Las determinaciones de flúor se realizaron con la técnica del ion selectivo. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que todas las muestras estuvieron debajo de la concentración de 1.5 mg/L (límite OMS), en los rangos: 0,0–0,0565 mg/L en los tanques de captación; 0,0–0,0440 mg/L en los tanques de almacenamiento; y 0,0–0,0525 mg/L en los sistemas de distribución de las instituciones educativas. La prueba ANOVA indicó que las variables parroquias y estación influyen en la concentración de fluoruros (valor p<0.01). Conclusiones: La concentración de flúor en el agua es menor a la concentración límites permitida, lo anterior permite descartar al agua potable como causa para el desarrollo de fluorosis dental. Los hallazgos presentados respaldan el investigar otros factores de riesgo como condiciones geográficas, alimentación, dentífricos, etc., debido a que la fluorosis dental constituye un problema multifactorial
Control de calidad de las pastas alimenticias
(1993-11-11) Chasi A., Clara.; González O., Rocío; Narváez de A., Pilar; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Control microbiológico de alimentos en la vía pública en Cuenca, Ecuador
(2023) Ortiz Ulloa, Silvia Johana; León Vizñay, Jéssica Andrea; Donoso Moscoso, Silvana Patricia; Astudillo Rubio, Gabriela Cristina; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Street-vending trade in ready-to-eat foods has grown exponentially, worldwide. However, the lack of optimal conditions for the preparation and sale of these foods can affect their safety. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of 19 types of foods (n= 417), with and without heat treatment, sold in public spaces in Cuenca, Ecuador. According to the food group, mesophilic aerobes, coliforms/Escherichia coli, molds and yeasts, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Listeria spp., Clostridium perfringens, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were examined. For microorganisms identification and counting, national regulations were applied and, in cases of absence, regulations from other countries were adopted. As a result, 55,4% of the samples were considered inadequate for consumption. S. aureus was the most prevalent presumptive pathogenic microorganism (81.7%). Non-compliance with regulations was significantly higher among foods without heat treatment (54.1%) compared to those heat treated (24%) and those that combine ingredients with and without treatment (21.9%) (p[removed]
Control microbiológico de grosellas, mango picado, ciruelos y cuantificación de sal de mesa que acompaña al alimento; que se expenden en los espacios públicos de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador
(2019-05-02) Loja Sari, Luis Ignacio; Vera Vera, José Fernando; Donoso Moscoso, Silvana Patricia; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the microbiological control of currants, chopped mango, plum and quantification of the salt of the food sold in the public spaces of the City of Cuenca. The samples for the analysis were taken from all the educational institutions located outside the historical center, through a stratified random sampling, was selected one place of them. The samples obtained were processed according to standardized protocols and the results were compared with the microbiological criteria according to the Peruvian norm RM N ° 615-2003 SA / DM, on the other hand, for the quantification of salt the values were taken as reference in weight specified according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The microbiological parameters studied were: E. coli, aerobic mesophiles using the Compact Dry technique and Salmonella spp using the Reveal 2.0 technique. E. coli was not found, but Salmonella spp. of 8.3% in plums and 4.2% in chopped mango, exceeding the limits established by the Peruvian technical standard. As for mesophilic aerobes, 41.7% of the currant, 54. 2% of the chopped mango and 8.3% of the plum did not comply with Peruvian technical standard. In salt quantification, an average of 10.6g+1.6 g of salt was estimated to accompany currants, chopped mango and plums, indicating that it exceeds the WHO recommendation. In conclusion, it was observed that the fruits do not comply with the norms of quality and hygiene, reason why, peddlers received training.
Determinación de anticuerpos frente al antígeno de Rubéola en los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, de la Universidad de Cuenca inmunizados durante la campaña de vacunación realizada por el Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador
(2005) Chérrez Aguilar, Rodrigo Giovanni; Tamayo Avendaño, Silvana Patricia; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Determinación de cloruro y flúor en la dieta del almuerzo de niños diagnosticados con fluorosis dental y sanos de 7 a 13 años del Cantón Cuenca
(2009-11-11) Andrade Sánchez, Priscila; Becerra Cobos, Tatiana; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Determinación de inmunoglobulina A en leche materna en los quince días postparto
(2013) Nieto Abad, Zarita Beatriz; Padrón Quesada, Sofía Elisabeth; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Determinación de inmunoglobulina A en suero sanguíneo por los métodos de inmunodifusión radial y Elisa cuantitativo indirecto en niños de edad escolar
(2010) Beneanula Bermeo, Diego; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Determinaciòn de lactosa en leche deslactosada y su comparación con la fórmula aplicada en la empresa de Lácteos San Antonio
(2010) Juca Cedillo, Rosa Daniela; Pérez Portilla, Adriana Patricia; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Determinación de las inmunoglobulinas G y M en leche materna humana (calostro)
(2013) Solano Figueroa, Lorena Susana; Torres Plaza, Lorena Alexandra; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Breast milk is the preferred food for the baby since it has the composition required for development, growing and protection against external agents to which it is exposed out of the sterile belly. This study was mainly based on the measurement of the concentration of immunoglobulin G and M in the secretion of the first 5 days postpartum (colostrum), using radial immunodiffusion method in 15 women attending Clinic Foundation Humanitarian Crespo Pablo Jaramillo whose samples were processed in the laboratory of Biological Analysis, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Cuenca, who were previously informed and invited to participate freely and voluntarily in this research. It was possible to obtain the concentration of Ig M, being the average value of the first 24 hours of 204.54 mg/dL and the fifth day gradually decreased to an average of 14.52 mg/dL, while the concentration of Ig G the average value of the first 24 hours is 51.41 mg/dL on the fifth day and decreases to an average of 5.43 mg/dL. Consequently, colostrum is rich in immunoglobulins especially the G, A and M, decreasing rapidly in the first compared to the other, this is how the newborn infant receives via colostrum immunoglobulin a great contribution pre- produced by the mother, providing passive immunization to keep out external aggressors at least the first six months of life until its own immune system develops. That's why, every mother must reach a moral awareness of breastfeeding, knowing that this will prevent your baby suffering from multiple illnesses and even prevented 13% of infant mortality, due to deficiency of normal maturation of your system immune defense as stated by the WHO (World Health Organization).
Determinación de metales pesados en afluentes de una industria cerámica
(1994) Cepeda Martínez, Mónica; Yépez Vásquez, Lucía; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Determinación de PSA en trabajadores de la Universidad de Cuenca mayores de 45 años
(2008-11-11) León V., Jéssica; Chumbi Q., Nelly; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Determinación de sodio mediante recordatorio de 24 horas y frecuencia de consumo de alimentos ricos en sal de niños de 7 a 12 años que presentan fluorosis dental de la zona rural del cantón Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-12-03) Altamirano Jara, Valeria Fernanda; Velecela Romero, Cinthya María; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes; Córdova Jimbo, Diana Paola
The objective of this work was to evaluate sodium consumption trough the 24-hour recall and the frequency of consumption of foods rich in salt with children between 7 and 12 years old, who presented dental fluorosis in rural parishes of Cuenca canton. A descriptive study was applied in fifty children distributed in the different parishes (Cumbe, Paccha, Quingeo and Victoria del Portete), the 24- hour reminder and the food consumption frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were applied to obtain the data of sodium intake and characterize salt consumption habits in children using the NOVA classification. The data obtained from both surveys were analyzed using the Stata version 14 statistical program. As results, in the FFQ a list of 41 foods was obtained, grouped into processed and ultraprocessed, of which it was observed that some contributed significant amounts of sodium to the diet, as is the case of guinea pig (1301,1 mg Na/100g of food), sunflower seeds with added salt (2315,8 mg Na/100g of food), snacks and fried mortadella (1086,5 mg Na/ 100g of food), the latter with a lower frequency of consumption. In the 24-hour recall, an average intake of 2381,8 ±839,9 mg Na/day was observed for the total population. There was no significant with respect to the categorical variables of age and parish, on the other hand, in the variables sex and degree or fluorosis there was a statistically significant difference. In conclusion, the groups of processed and ultra-processed foods were those that provided the highest sodium intake to the children’s diet, and there was a higher sodium consumption in the participants above that recommended by World Health Organization. These results will contribute to the project “Evaluation of salt consumption habits and the relation with dental fluorosis in schoolchildren in rural parishes of the Cuenca canton
Determinación del porcentaje de grasa en papas fritas de los principales sitios de comida rápida de la ciudad de Cuenca
(2008-11-11) Lamulle Vicuña, Maritza; León León, Mónica; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
Diseño y validación de un cuestionario para evaluar el consumo de sal en escolares del cantón Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-02-20) Freire Morán, Cristian Fernando; Kevin Paúl, Patiño Calle; Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes
The present research work is focused on the design and validation of instruments that can evaluate salt consumption in schoolchildren belonging to the Cuenca canton. The instruments used were two questionnaires: Questionnaire on the frequency of food consumption with the highest sodium intake (QFC) and a questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes and practices related to salt consumption (KAP). The first tool was developed based on a list of foods with a contribution equal to or greater than 100 mg of sodium/ 100 g of food. The second instrument is an adaptation of the published guide of the Pan American Health Organization: “Take care of salt, America” and adapted to the context of Cuenca. For the validation, the final form was applied to 235 students between 7 and 12 years belonging to educational units of Cuenca. The parameters analyzed were: internal consistency through Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the reliability of repeated measurements using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The results of the validation of internal consistency show a high average score α = 0.8418 for the QFC. For the KAP the average value of Cronbach's alpha was not considered and the scores of internal consistency of the constructs had values between moderate and adequate (α = 0.6282 - 0, 6474). Regarding reliability validation, almost perfect values of the intraclass correlation coefficient are obtained for both questionnaires (ICC = 0.8909 - 0.9724). By carrying out this research work it was obtained two valid instruments to evaluate salt consumption in school children in Cuenca
Early childhood caries and risk factors in young children of medium-low socioeconomic status, Ecuador
(2020) Astudillo Neira, Diana Ligia de Lourdes; Ortiz Ulloa, Silvia Johana; Parra Coronel, Janeth Judith
Introduction. Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most common infectious diseases for infants and preschool children. Objective: To evaluate early childhood caries and risk factors associated with dietary practices and nutritional status in children of 10-48 months old. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 142 children of medium-low socio-economic status from a governmental child-care center in Cuenca, Ecuador. Dental health, nutritional status and dietary patterns were assessed through clinical examination, anthropometric measurements and 24-hours dietary recalls, respectively. Results: Early childhood caries prevalence was high (95.8%) mostly of advanced stage (83.1%). No associations with nutritional status. Daily consumption of cariogenic foods was significantly higher during weekdays (11.1 ± 1.4) (p<0.001). The diet was categorized as low cariogenic risk (<34). Child’s age (OR=1.1; 95% CI: 1.041, 1.160, p=0.001) and the plaque index (OR=4.9; 95% CI: 1.331, 17.82; p=0.017) were positive determinants for advanced caries. Conclusions: The deteriorated dental health of this population was evidenced, being worse at older ages without any association with dietary patterns.