Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Tesis Maestrías

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Browsing Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Tesis Maestrías by Author "Acurio Páez, Fausto David"

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    Comorbilidades no definitorias de sida y su relación con determinantes sociales de la salud en pacientes diagnosticados de VIH en Unidades Operativas del Ministerio de Salud Pública, Cuenca Norte Distrito 01D04 2020-2021
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-11-22) Bersosa Webster, Andrea Cristina; Acurio Páez, Fausto David
    Background: HIV infection causes deterioration of the immune system and systemic inflammation, which leads to premature aging and the development of non-defining comorbidities of AIDS, with increased mortality. Objectives: to determine the frequency of non-defining AIDS comorbidities and their relationship with social determinants of health in the Cuenca Norte Technical Office, District 01D04. Methods and materials: cross-sectional analytical study, collected through the matrix of daily registration and monitoring of patients with a diagnosis of HIV, captured in the operational units of the Cuenca Norte Technical Office, District 01D04. Results: the records of 115 patients diagnosed with HIV / AIDS were reviewed, of which 72.17% were young adults, 92.17% men, 75.67% GLBTI, 62.61% half blood, 87.83% without a partner, 47.43% workers, 26.09% with suitable employment, 50.43% from Zone 6, 95.65% reside in Azuay, 55.64% with versatile sexual activity, with an average of 27.08 sexual partners. 31.3% have non-defining AIDS comorbidities. The non-defining comorbidities of AIDS and the marital status with a stable partner present a PR 2.4 95% CI 1.44-3.99. Age, sex, educational level, employment, origin, residence, gender identity, number of sexual partners have a p value >0.05. Conclusions: non-defining AIDS comorbidities are present in a low percentage, and have a significant relationship only with marital status (partner).
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    Consumo de drogas y alcohol y su relación con violencia en el noviazgo en estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad de Cuenca, periodo marzo – agosto, 2022.
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-01-12) Siguencia Sanmartín, Julieta Estefanía; Acurio Páez, Fausto David
    Background: Dating violence and drug and alcohol use involve dimensions such as physical and psychological abuse, requiring prevention and early intervention strategies. The lack of local studies does not allow the development of these, nor knowing exact figures. Objective: To determine the prevalence of drug and alcohol use and its relationship with dating violence in medical students at the University of Cuenca. Methodology: Analytical, cross-sectional study; carried out at the University of Cuenca with 319 students. The variables analyzed were: alcohol consumption, drugs, physical violence, psychological violence, sociodemographic variables. The inferential type analysis was carried out with chi square, for categorical variables, in the SPSS 25 program. In addition, it had the approval of the ethics committee. Results: the sample was characterized by a predominance of age between 19 and 25 years (81.8%), from the second academic cycle (32%), female (63.9%), the Christian religion was more prevalent (87 .8%) and the most common socioeconomic level was the "working class" with 32.3%. Alcohol consumption had a prevalence of 58.6% and drug use of 21.6%. Physical and psychological violence was more frequent in students who consumed alcohol with 65.6% and 65.4% respectively (p: 0,03). Conclusion: alcohol consumption is above the general average in Latin America and was related to physical and psychological violence. Drug use was in the general average and was not associated with any type of violence.
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    Determinación social del estado nutricional de los niños menores de 5 años de los cantones Camilo Ponce Enríquez, Cuenca, Girón, Nabón, Oña, Pucará, San Fernando, Santa Isabel atendidos por el MIES en el año 2018
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-01-31) Cabrera Guillén, Valeria Paola; Acurio Páez, Fausto David
    Background: The processes of Social Determination (SD) mark the nutritional status of boys and girls, which plays an important role in body growth, in the development of their cognitive abilities and in imnunological conditions. Objective: The Social Determination of the nutritional status of children under 5 years of age from the cantons Camilo Ponce Enríquez, Cuenca, Girón, Nabón, Oña, Pucará, San Fernando, Santa Isabel attended by the MIES in 2018, using a MIES database. Methods: cross-sectional analytical study. For the analysis of the results, the SPSS 15.0 software and the statistical tests were used: OR, confidence intervals and p <0,05. Results: it was found that more than 50% of preschoolers are between 25 and 60 months old, 50.50% correspond to males, the mestizo ethnic group predominated in 97.69% and the largest number of participants were from Cuenca (58.35%). In the analysis of the particular level, a statistical association was found between "is in the care of someone" with "residence" and "vulnerability"; "Who cares for the child" with "vulnerability"; “Violence with vulnerability”, with “home ownership” and “overcrowding”; “Enough food” with “residence”, “vulnerability”, “home ownership” and “overcrowding”. At the singular level, a significant association was found between “chronic malnutrition” with “age”, “who cares” and “violence”; "Overweight / obesity" with "age" and "is in the care of someone"; anemia with “age” and “enough food”. A prevalence of 74.1% of chronic malnutrition was found. Conclusions: there are destructive factors in lifestyles and lifestyles. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a surveillance system from the perspective of critical epidemiology.
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    Percepciones y experiencias discriminatorias en la construcción de la identidad sexo-genérica, Quito, 2022 - 2023
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-06-14) Reyes Cevallos, Jonathan Pavlov; Acurio Páez, Fausto David
    Background: Sex-gender identity is a social, cultural, and psychological construct that evolves over time and has led to rejection or discrimination in various aspects of society, particularly within diversities. While a portion of society acknowledges the existence of diverse sex-gender identities, scenarios of discrimination persist, manifested through acts of violence or harassment. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study to understand the perceptions and discriminatory experiences in the construction of sex-gender identity in the city of Quito. Objective: To identify perceptions and discriminatory experiences in the construction of sexgender identity, Quito, 2022 – 2023. Methods: This is a qualitative study with an ethnographic approach, conducted among the following populations: the ALFIL Association, which works for the rights of sex-gender populations with 5 participants, and 7 students from the dental mechanics program at the Technological Institute Libertad. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted as a method of data collection. Results: Discrimination in the construction of sex-gender identity is mainly evident within sexual diversity populations such as the LGBTQ+ community, as well as among women. It was also identified that the most common sites of discrimination are educational, occupational, or public spaces. Conclusion: The study highlights the description of perceptions and exploration of discriminatory experiences in the construction of sex-gender identity within a group of individuals in the city of Quito concerning their identity and diversity.
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    La Reforma de salud en el Ecuador: discursos y prácticas de una demanda social su impacto para la atención primaria de la salud
    (1997) Acurio Páez, Fausto David; Parra Parra, Jorge Leonidas; Morales Sanmartín, Jaime Rodrigo