Prevalencia de infecciones ginecológicas y obstétricas asociadas con prematuridad en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca. 2015-2019

Abstract

Background: Preterm labor is defined as the appearance of regular uterine contractions associated with cervical changes between 28 and 36 weeks with 6 days of gestation; it has multiple etiologies such as gynecological and urinary tract infections; it is the cause of 85% of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To determine the prevalence of gynecological and obstetric infections associated with prematurity at the Hospital “Vicente Corral Moscoso”, Cuenca, 2015- 2019. Methodological design: Analytical, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Universe of 221 medical records of obstetric patients attended by the gynecology and obstetrics service of the Hospital “Vicente Corral Moscoso”. The data were compiled in a registration form, were transcribed and processed in the statistical software SPSS v25. Results: The prevalence of gynecological and obstetric infections associated with prematurity was 51.7%, 66.1 are between 20 and 35 years old; 42.5% are in free union; 51.1% are high school graduates; 54.2% do not work; 48.0% are overweight; 44.3% with a single pregnancy; 44.8% are nulliparous; 73.8% with intergenetic period greater than 24 months; 45.5% with previous pathologies; 44.8% had inadequate prenatal controls; 38.0% presented urinary tract infection and 13.7% vaginal infections. A significant association was found between the intergenetic period (p: 0.041) and prenatal control (p: 0.001), regarding the presence of gynecological-obstetric infections. Conclusions: the high presence of preterm birth is due to the large percentage of gynecological and obstetric infections in pregnant patients.