Frecuencia y características de la Nefropatía Diabética en consulta externa del Hospital Regional Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca-Ecuador, 2014–2016.

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy is a microangiopathy, with high cardiovascular risk that burdens public health, which represents the main cause of end-stage renal disease in developing countries. Objectives: Describe the frequency and characteristics of diabetic nephropathy in the consultation clinic of “Vicente Corral Moscoso” Hospital. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was performed in search of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetics in Endocrinology and Nephrology consults, during 2014–2016, by reviewing digital medical history. Variable categories considered: sociodemographic data, diabetic condition, comorbidities/complications and biomarkers. Data analysis was done using frequency, percentages, central tendency and dispersion measures in Excel 2016©. Results: This study determined a 19.5% frequency of diabetic nephropathy in 2‟236 type 2 diabetics. Distribution of 355 cases; Sociodemographic: 58.87% female, 98.87% half-caste Hispanics, 91.27% Azuay residence, 52.11% >65 years. Diabetic condition: 41.97% diabetic duration >15 years, 48.17% inadequate glycemic control with HbA1c >8.0%, 56.06% interdisciplinary insulin-based treatment. Comorbidities/ chronic complications: 72.96% Hypertension, 61.41% Dyslipidemia, 54.08% Diabetic retinopathy. Renal damage biomarkers: 84.79% reduced glomerular filtration rate by MDRD-4 (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2), 51.55% Macroalbuminuria, determining a very high risk of renal progression in 54.93%. Conclusion: Diabetic nephropathy frequency in the consult clinic of “Vicente Corral Moscoso” Hospital, is associated with older age, longer diabetic duration and comorbidities such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, displaying a predominant macroalbuminuric phenotype.