Relación entre la composición corporal, la calidad de la alimentación, el estrés laboral y la actividad física en trabajadores de una empresa en la ciudad de Cuenca, Cuenca - Ecuador 2025

Abstract

Background: Overweight and obesity are public health problems that increase the risk of developing chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, interfering with individual health. In addition, there are possible factors associated with weight gain, such as diet, stress, and physical activity. Objective: To analyze the association between body composition and diet quality, work stress, and physical activity in workers at a company in the city of Cuenca. Methodology: Quantitative, cross-sectional analytical study. The research was conducted on 150 participants. Questionnaires such as the Diet Quality Index, Perceived Stress Scale, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, short version) were used, and sociodemographic data were also collected. Results: 92% of the participants were men, 86% of the population had high body fat, and 65.3% were overweight. Thirty-four percent had high visceral fat. In terms of diet, 73.3% had an unhealthy diet or one that needed changes, and 72% had a high level of physical activity. Significant associations were identified between visceral fat and diet quality; BMI and muscle percentage with work stress (p-value=<0.05). Conclusions: Diet quality is the main factor associated with increased visceral fat; no associations were found between body composition and physical activity.