Seroprevalencia de brucelosis canina en refugios del cantón Cuenca y sus factores predisponentes

Abstract

Dogs from shelters can be carriers of infectious diseases transmissible to humans and other animal species because their health status is unknown. Hence, this work aims to determine the seroprevalence of canine Brucellosis in shelters in the canton cuenca and its predisposing factors. To this end, blood samples were obtained from 166 domestic dogs from five shelters, an epidemiological survey was carried out and a general clinical examination was carried out to determine predisposing factors to the presence of the disease. The samples were analyzed by immunochromatography, obtaining a total prevalence of 6%. Seroprevalence varied according to the shelter analyzed, with Refuge 3 being the most prevalent (13%), Refuge 4 (11%), and Refuge 1 (4%); shelters 2 and 5 had no B. canis positive cases. There was no associativity between the factors malnutrition, parasitized animals, canines of rural origin, animal welfare although there were differences in the prevalence of seropositive animals. As there were fewer than 5 cases in the distribution in factors such as estrus, pregnancy, abortion and offspring, it was not possible to establish associativity. The analysis of probabilities indicated that pregnancy (21.14), presence of offspring (11.77), abortion (10.13) and presence of estrus are the factors that could predispose to the presence of seropositive animals. This research shows the contact of dogs from shelters with the bacterium B. canis, constituting a risk to public health. Once the results were obtained through the immunochromatography test, the data were tabulated, related and analyzed according to the clinical history and epidemiological study of each of the 166 canines, in order to establish the prevalence and factors associated with brucellosis. Once the tabulated data of the surveys were correlated with those of the laboratory, finally, these results obtained from the research were defined; the statistical part was carried out by means of correlation tests, Odds Ratio, Chi square.