Sensibilidad a la insulina mediante la prueba de tolerancia oral a la glucosa en adultos mayores en el cantón Cuenca, en el año 2015

Abstract

Introduction: It is necessary to assess the sensitivity to insulin in their early stages in that way, it will be avoided to suffer from illnesses like diabetes type 2; among elderly people, changes, such as the increase of adipose tissue and the sarcopenia are present. Those have a relationship with the decrease of sensitivity to insulin. Objective: To determine the sensitivity to insulin through the oral tolerance test among elderly people from the city of Cuenca in 2015. Methodology: It is a descriptive research. The participants are 120 elderly people from Cuenca; 60 cases with metabolic syndrome according to the ATP III criterion and 60 cases without metabolic syndrome. This is about a non-probabilistic sample by convenience. Two blood samples were taken. One before post prandial glucose and insulin were dosified. The data collected was analyzed through SPSS 22, Excel using frequencies, percentages and measurements of central tendency, such as median, mean, dispersion measurements, standard deviation. Results: The 39.2% of elderly people showed an alteration of the insulinemic post prandial. According to the HOMA-IR method, the 42% has a low sensitivity to insulin and the QUICKI method shows that the 91.7% has a decreased sensitivity to insuline. The low sensitivity to insuline related to gender, age and marital status was not significant; in contrast, the change with the BMI alterated has more probability to suffer insuline resistance. (p=0.03). Being more significant patients with metabolic syndrome; it increases two times the probability of suffering insuline resistance. (p=0.02, OR 2.3 IC 95% 1.09 – 4.85)