Frecuencia y características de la rinitis alérgica en pacientes asmáticos atendidos en el servicio de neumología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso en el año 2013.

Abstract

Objective: Determine the frequency and characteristics of allergic rhinitis in asthmatic patients treated at the Pneumology department of the Hospital "Vicente Corral Moscoso" in Cuenca, 2013. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study, the sample was obtained with the formula N = z2pq / e2 with a universe represented by all medical records of asthmatic patients seen in 2013 in the service of Pneumology in the "Vicente Hospital Corral Moscoso " hospital. The instrument used for data collection was a form which records the demographic characteristics of patients with asthma, diagnosis, treatment and complications of rhinitis; and the level of asthma control. The results were processed in EPI-INFO system. Results: Of the 77.60% asthmatic patients suffer allergic rhinitis and asthma only 22.40%. Of these 57% are women and 43% men, being mostly teenagers aged 10-19 years (21.88%) and students. Most are born in Cuenca (56.25%) and living in Cuenca (67.45%). Regarding diagnosis the 41.67% of patients who have asthma diagnosis by clinical criteria and spirometry, allergic rhinitis in a 35.94% by clinical and laboratory. The treatment is for both diseases with 70.31% of cases, while only 2.86% have treatment for allergic rhinitis. Complications instead arrive at 28.65%. Finally the 60.42% has its controlled asthma and 14.06% have their partially controlled asthma. Conclusions: In conclusion we can say that our study is similar to other ones, because we found that a patient with asthma and allergic rhinitis simultaneously is about 77.6%. Demographic characteristics are very important because they allow us to know about that groups require more attention, in order to avoid complications and maintain controlled these diseases.