Evaluación térmica de cerramiento vertical para mejorar el confort de una vivienda de interés social en clima de alta montaña - caso de estudio Cajas

Abstract

The aim of this research is to identify the optimal combination of materials with low environmental impact for vertical fencing of social housing on high mountain weather by applying the ecological evaluation methodology developed by Luis de Garrido well as thermal evaluation generated through simulations. The methodology used has an experimental and longitudinal design approach that use quantitative data for evaluating the inhabitants’ comfort measurements. As a starting point, those materials which are used the most were selected among the vernacular housing located in a high mountain area of the Azuay province, in Ecuador, and also among the projects of social interest in the region, and among industrialized building techniques for social interest housing in cold weather conditions. Subsequently, the ecological level of each material is obtained through the ecological evaluation methodology. Afterwards information on the thermal characteristics of these materials was obtained by calculating the thermal transmittance of the proposed materials for the vertical fence; these analyses were performed in the “Laboratory of Thermal Testing in construction Materials and Elements”. Finally, the best results of the calculation were evaluated in the Design Builder energy simulation program in order to assess the behavior of the house’s indoor temperature. The study concludes with the proposal of vertical fencing with low environmental impact and high energy efficiency for a prototype of social interest housing built by the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing (MIDUVI) in high mountain climate.