Facultad de Arquitectura Tesis Maestrías

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://dspace-test.ucuenca.edu.ec/handle/123456789/97

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Implementación de la metodología BIM (Building Information Modeling) y el sistema constructivo modular U-Building para un prototipo experimental de vivienda social en la ciudad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-06-10) Feican Espinoza, Dario Esteban; León González, Pablo Armando
Ecuador faces a housing deficit exceeding 600,000 units, highlighting the need to optimize social housing production. The objective of this research is to evaluate the technical and comparative viability between the traditional confined masonry construction system and the U-Building prefabricated modular system, using Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodology for modeling and process quantification. The study, following a comparative-applied approach, analyzes a 71.57 m² prototype under variables of execution time, materials, and direct costs. The methodology involved developing digital models to compare conventional reinforced concrete structures against OSB panels produced with CNC technology. Results demonstrate that the U-Building modular system significantly reduces execution time and on-site waste generation compared to the traditional method. Although the initial direct cost of the modular solution may be higher, its assembly speed and prefabrication potential increase efficiency and replicability in the social interest sector. In conclusion, the integration of BIM and industrialized systems constitutes a technically viable and sustainable alternative for housing management in the country. This work provides necessary technical evidence to promote the use of modular solutions over traditional methods, optimizing planning and resource use in housing projects.
Estrategias para la implementación de la metodología BIM en la Dirrección de Infraestructura de la Universidad de Cuenca, en base al diagnóstico del nivel de madurez BIM institucional
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-05-14) Valarezo Villavicencio, Camilla Sophia; Torres Flores, Sebastian Eugenio
The degree project is based on the agreement with the Infrastructure Unit of the University of Cuenca due to the current shortcomings within the depart- ment, which prevent the projects to be developed from having better efficien- cy and reduction of inconsistencies. Therefore, the study seeks to provide a detailed diagnosis of the current state of BIM implementation. In addition, the training of personnel, the use of BIM technologies in current projects and the integration between departments are evaluated. The collabora- tion between the different parties involved in infrastructure projects is also analyzed. The results of the research will offer practical recommendations, such as the need to improve staff training, the updating of technological infrastructure and the development of protocols to ensure interoperability. This diagnosis will serve as a basis for future evaluations in other educational institutions, contributing to the continuous improve- ment of the management of public infrastructures through BIM.
Desarrollo de una metodología para la generación de modelos tridimensionales de las fachadas de hitos patrimoniales inmuebles aplicando IMAGE-TO-BIM – Caso de estudio: Iglesia matriz de la cabecera urbano cantonal de Zaruma
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-05-06) Peñaloza Curipoma, Byron Alejandro; Delgado Pinos, Omar Andrés
UNESCO has been promoting since decades ago, the concept of cultural heritage to preserve it. Heritage properties keep the historical memories of communities alive. Therefore, it is essential to find modern and more detailed documentation methods, that working with traditional ones, help to preserve cultural heritage -at least virtually- for next generations. Nowadays, there are tools available to support this purpose. Photogrammetry allows us to survey three-dimensional objects, generating virtual replicas through point clouds derived from captured and corrected photographs; BIM methodology enables the management of a building throughout all its phases, from conception to operation and maintenance. IMAGE-TO-BIM is a technique that combines these two tools and when applied to historical buildings, allows for the generation of three-dimensional models of their facades, preserving accurate geometric data while also virtually safeguarding their historical memory. A methodology to obtain a 3D model of a historical building’s facades by applying IMAGE-TO-BIM is proposed in this work, along with its practical application to the main church of Zaruma, which has been affected by illegal mining activities in recent years. Results of the proposed methodology allow for the virtual preservation of a heritage building’s historical memory, while also providing a valuable resource for informed decision-making during preservation actions.
Software en Construcción: Un estudio comparativo de Herramientas para el control en Planificación y Ejecución
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-05-06) Zuña Idrovo, Carlos Alfredo; Cárdenas Haro, Xavier Ricardo
This research presents a comparative analysis of five budgeting software tools used in the construction sector in Ecuador: InterPro, ProExcel, Microsoft Project, Opus, and S10. The main objective is to evaluate their key functions in cost management and project planning. A mixed-method approach was adopted, combining a qualitative analysis of each program’s features with a quantitative study based on surveys conducted among industry professionals, as well as the preparation of a reference budget using each software. The SWOT methodology (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) was applied to identify and assess the advantages and limitations of each tool, establishing objective criteria for their selection based on accessibility, ease of use, report generation, and data linkage. The results reveal that InterPro provides a comprehensive solution with complete reports and an intuitive interface, while Opus stands out for its integration with Excel and its efficiency in review processes. S10, ProExcel, and Microsoft Project emerge as complementary alternatives, although their application may be constrained by user proficiency or by the software’s primary focus on scheduling rather than budgeting. This study offers a technical framework to guide the selection of the most suitable tool for budget management in civil construction projects, contributing to the optimization of processes and the strengthening of planning, control, and project execution within the Ecuadorian context.
Diseño de una propuesta de integración de materias específicas de contenido BIM en la malla curricular para la tecnología Superior Universitario en Construcción de la Universidad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-05-07) Déleg Feijóo, Andrés Santiago; Serrano Tapia, Alex Daniel
This thesis develops a proposal for the integration of specific BIM (Building Information Modeling) content into the curriculum of the Higher University Degree in Construction Technology at the University of Cuenca. The general objective is to structure a formative axis that articulates technical, collaborative, and digital management competencies, in response to the demands of the construction sector and contemporary educational standards. The study is organized into three chapters: the first contextualizes the BIM methodology its dimensions, maturity levels, tools, and applications in both industry and academia establishing the fundamental basis for its incorporation into the training of construction technologists. The second chapter analyzes international case studies through a systematic review, identifying good practices, BIM-related courses, academic outcomes, challenges, and their impact on employability. The third chapter presents a concrete proposal for curricular integration based on the analysis of the curriculum proposed by the program, currently under review, including the definition of BIM-focused courses, required resources, cycle structure, and recommendations for progressive implementation. The result is a transversal axis composed of six practice-oriented courses that cover topics ranging from parametric modeling and interdisciplinary coordination to project management with 5D cost estimation and 4D scheduling. The proposal strengthens students’ preparation for collaborative environments, enhances the quality of technical learning, and positions the institution within current trends in digitalization in the construction industry.
La Obra de Dolores Alonso Vera: análisis de dos casos de estudio
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-04-16) Vásquez Vélez, María Gabriela; Sinchi Toral, Iván Paúl
This research is framed within critical studies on design processes and focuses on the work of Spanish architect Dolores Alonso Vera. Specifically, it analyzes two of her educational projects: the Escuela Infantil Virgen del Remedio (1994–2002) and the IV Building of the Polytechnic School of Alicante (1997–1999). The theoretical framework draws on the contributions of Cristina Gastón and Helio Piñón regarding the reconstruction of the architectural project, which enables architecture to be understood not only as a built result but also as a sequence of formal, programmatic, and constructive decisions. The methodology was based on the analysis of original documents, publications, reports, and graphic material provided by the author, complemented by a specialized literature review. This approach allowed the reconstruction of a project hypothesis, understood as the sequence of operations and choices that shaped the buildings, with particular attention to the classroom–courtyard relationship as an articulating element between pedagogical space and its surroundings. Findings show that the analyzed works are characterized by material austerity, a rigorous formal order, and a clear intention to integrate with the urban and landscape context. The study concludes that the formal, programmatic, and constructive values of these projects are inseparable from the notion of place, highlighting its role as a determinant in the design process. Moreover, the research contributes to the visibility of women’s architectural production in contemporary Spain, positioning Alonso’s work as a reference in twentieth-century educational architecture.
Análisis del comportamiento y capacidad en plano de carga de mampostería confinada de ladrillo hueco utilizado en la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-03-25) Torres Santacruz, Ana Belén; García Erazo, Hernán Alfredo
In Ecuador, confined brick masonry is widely applied due to its cost-benefit interrelationship, although it faces challenges in seismic resistance owed to empirical building practices which do not always define systems for allowing adequate interaction between masonry and structural confinement to gain resistance and ductility. Therefore, the present study seeks to reduce the gap between theory and constructive practice by providing technical information on the effective contribution supplied by masonry and confinement in typical hollow brick walls in constructions placed in Cuenca. The focus is on analyzing the behavior and structural capacity of confined hollow brick masonry in the city, using local construction methods, highlighting how reinforced concrete castles play a relevant role strengthening the resistance and ductility of the structures. Experimental tests are carried out with scale models of confined and unconfined masonry to obtain data on the stress-strain relationship, followed by calibration of numerical modeling using finite elements and a damage model to evaluate how the walls behave under loads service and seismic loads. The results are presented by damage graphs and force-displacement curves, providing a technical basis for future applications and regulatory reviews in the region.
Influencia de los sistemas constructivos en la climatización de las viviendas de 1980 y 2020 en Cuenca - Ecuador
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-03-12) Zhagüi Tuba, Lyanne Maribel; Torres Quezada, Jefferson Eloy
Architecture has undergone continuous evolution throughout history, transitioning from the use of local materials such as wood, earth (adobe and rammed earth), and straw to more diverse construction systems, driven by technological development and reduced transportation costs. This process has enabled the incorporation of materials with enhanced resistance properties, broader aesthetic possibilities, and lower costs. However, beyond the economic aspect, it is essential to consider the thermophysical properties of materials, that is, their behavior under climatic conditions and their contribution to indoor thermal comfort. This research is based on a bibliographic analysis of materials used in construction systems between 1980 and 2020, with an emphasis on the thermal envelope of buildings. Based on this study, two representative systems—corresponding to 1980 and 2020—were selected to compare their influence on indoor climate conditions in housing. Digital models of both cases were developed using DesignBuilder software and validated through in situ indoor temperature measurements. Subsequently, energy simulations were conducted considering three occupancy scenarios for each dwelling, allowing for the evaluation of their thermal and energy performance. The results show that the 1980 dwelling exhibits better thermal performance due to its higher thermal mass. Furthermore, it was determined that the level and type of occupancy significantly influence the energy demand for air conditioning, highlighting the importance of integrating these factors into architectural design with a sustainable approach.
Concesión onerosa de derechos como instrumento de financiamiento del desarrollo urbano en Brasil y Ecuador: Legislación e implementación
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-03-11) Yacila Chorres, Jullisa Marisela; Fernández de Cordoba, Manuel Benabent
The Organic Law on Territorial Planning, Land Use, and Management (LOOTUGS) in Ecuador incorporates the Onerous Concession of Rights (COD) as a land management instrument aimed at financing urban development. However, its practical application in the country remains limited due to its recent incorporation into the regulatory framework. This research aimed to analyze the COD and generate theoretical and practical contributions to strengthen the capacity of local governments, particularly that of Cuenca, to implement it effectively. The study adopted a qualitative approach, based on content analysis, taking into account national and international experiences. The legal frameworks of Ecuador and Brazil were reviewed and analyzed, as well as the experience of São Paulo, where the COD was successfully applied. The results show that this instrument is effective when there is a specific regulatory framework with clear technical criteria, allowing for the capture of capital gains derived from changes in land use and building potential. Furthermore, citizen participation and transparency in resource management are consolidated as key factors for its legitimacy. Based on these findings, strategies are proposed for the implementation of the COD in Cuenca, including developing a specific regulatory framework with precise technical parameters, training public and private stakeholders, creating citizen participation mechanisms, and launching pilot plans in high-demand real estate areas. These initiatives would allow for the validation and adjustment of its practical application, ensuring a gradual and sustainable adoption of the instrument.
Análisis de Viabilidad, Evaluación Financiera y Estrategias de Comercialización del Proyecto Inmobiliario “LA QUADRA”
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-03-02) Ñauta Ñauta, Jorge Ramiro; Salazar Guaman, Ximena Alejandrina
In recent years, Ecuador has faced significant challenges in the economic and social spheres, including disordered housing growth and unemployment. In this context, the real estate sector, especially in the city of Cuenca, presents a key problem: the absence of adequate tools to evaluate the technical and financial feasibility of real estate projects. This deficiency, together with the lack of regulatory control by the Decentralized Autonomous Governments and the Municipality of Cuenca, has led to real estate projects that do not comply with current regulations, generating variable costs and affecting the expected profitability. As a consequence, some developers reduce the quality of materials in the final stages of construction or lower their selling prices to recoup investment, affecting the competitiveness of the sector. The La Quadra Real Estate Project faces these challenges and seeks to develop marketing strategies that optimize its integration with the local market. This study focuses on designing marketing strategies adapted to its characteristics and spending capacity. To carry out this study, a detailed financial analysis is conducted, including the preparation of an overall budget and a valued investment schedule, with the aim of ensuring efficient resource management and structuring commercial strategies that facilitate the sale of the project. This work provides a comprehensive approach for evaluating real estate feasibility, combining technical, financial, and commercial analysis, in order to establish effective strategies that improve the planning and execution of projects in the sector.
Propuestas para la inclusión de determinantes sobre infraestructura verde en el Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial del cantón Cuenca - Ecuador
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-03-09) Delgado Herrera, Andrea Vanessa; Palencia Jiménez, José Sergio
The main limitations for the implementation of a green infrastructure system in the canton of Cuenca are related to the low level of public awareness regarding its environmental and social importance, the limited technical knowledge available on the subject, and the insufficient economic resources allocated for its planning, development, and maintenance. In addition, the absence of specific constitutional provisions that directly regulate green infrastructure highlights the need to strengthen interinstitutional coordination among different levels of government and to consolidate a clear municipal regulatory framework that ensures the protection and proper management of natural and semi-natural spaces. In this context, the objective of this research is to propose the incorporation of green infrastructure determinants into the territorial planning instruments of the canton, particularly the Land Use and Land Management Plan (PUGS) and the Development and Territorial Planning Plan (PDOT). The proposal is oriented toward the construction of a linear territorial model based on the identification of hubs or ecological concentration areas and the definition of functional links that enable the structuring of an interconnected ecological network. The study is based on a documentary methodology, supported by the critical analysis of scientific literature, previous studies, and the current regulatory framework at both national and local levels. Likewise, the proposal is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda, particularly those related to environmental sustainability, urban resilience, and social well-being. The results highlight the need to promote comprehensive territorial planning.
La Estructura como Elemento Formal en la Obra Residencial de Oswaldo De La Torre, Casos de estudio: Casa Dassum y Casa De la Torre
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-02-20) Solis Yépez, Jhonathan Josué; Sánchez Castillo, José Hernán
Oswaldo De la Torre Neira, a pioneer architect from Ecuador, carried out several projects related to buildings, commercial premises and housing, generating a great trajectory and national recognitions. His architectural production has been a source of research regarding the modern architecture of the country, managing to emphasize his work by applying the concepts of the modern movement. The house in the work of Arq. Oswaldo De la Torre has several constructive characteristics for each project, depending on criteria such as location, orientation, time and economy, which carry the character of the design That is why this research will analyze two of his residential works at different times: Casa Dassum and Casa De la Torre, with different constructive qualities, to compare and determine how the designer generated the formal aspect through the structure, supported by antecedents, sunshine, building configuration, formal configuration and redrawings of the case studies. The digital reconstruction of the two works will be the result of the compilation of photographs and scanned plans granted by the heirs of Oswaldo De la Torre. This will help to know what the designer's strategy was to project the house and understand the concepts to be able to apply them in the design of houses today.
“Juan Sordo Madaleno: La planta baja en edificios de oficinas y su relación con el lugar”
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-02-11) Eskola Tapia, Freddy Javier; Sinchi Toral, Iván Paúl
This research emerges from the problem of the relationship between public space and private space in high-rise buildings, a condition that has been observed within Latin American contexts. Modern architecture establishes values that enable the recognition of a project’s quality through the analysis of the relationship among place, program, and construction, aspects distinctly present in the architectural projects of Juan Sordo Madaleno. Thus, this study aims to identify these values in the work of Juan Sordo Madaleno, a Mexican architect from the mid-twentieth century. In this way, insights will be analyzed and extracted for the design of ground-floor interfaces with the immediate context. To accomplish this, it is considered appropriate to understand his work and the variables involved in the realization of his projects, refining the examination through redrawing and bibliographic review. Through qualitative research tools, the design strategies necessary for the development of rigorous, context-responsive projects will be revealed.
Análisis de la vulnerabilidad sísmica mediante modelación lineal y reforma de la edificación en función de zonas vulnerables para la generación de espacios seguros y rutas de evacuación externas: Caso de estudio Bloque E2 de la Facultad de Arquitectura
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-02-09) Avecillas Cedillo, María Belén; Solá Quintuña, Juan Medardo
Ecuador is a country prone to seismic hazards due to its geographical location on a complex system of tectonic plates, and the existence of buildings constructed before the implementation of seismic-resistant regulations represents a significant risk to user safety, especially in educational institutions. In this context, the present research aims to analyze the seismic vulnerability of Block E2 of the Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning at the University of Cuenca, in order to identify lower-risk areas and define evacuation routes through the application of structural mitigation measures and signage. The methodology includes the architectural and structural survey of the building, the application of non-destructive tests such as sclerometry, ultrasonic testing, and carbonation to assess the structural condition, and the development of a three-dimensional model using linear static analysis in ETABS software, based on the guidelines of FEMA 310 and NEC 2015. The analysis revealed that most masonry walls are not integrated into the resistant system due to the presence of joints that limit the transmission of forces to reinforced concrete frames; therefore, only walls that meet the necessary characteristics to contribute to the structural system were considered, showing that the structure mainly behaves through ductile frames. The results make it possible to evaluate seismic behavior, determine the building’s vulnerability, and develop a safety plan with signage in accordance with NTE INEN 0439 and evacuation plans, highlighting the importance of implementing comprehensive seismic safety strategies.
Evaluación del uso de redes sociales como canal de marketing digital en la competitividad del mercado inmobiliario en la ciudad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-02-04) Soto Jumbo, Gharis Lizbeth; Soto Muñoz, Jaime Olivier
Digital marketing has become a necessity in the real estate sector, transforming how companies present themselves and how they position themselves in an increasingly competitive market. In Cuenca, social media has become an essential tool for real estate agencies to establish their visibility and connect with their clients. The purpose of this research was to determine the extent to which social media use has influenced the competitiveness of the real estate market. To this end, factors such as the level of digital interaction, content quality, and the suitability of communication strategies to the demands of the target audience were identified. The research focused on identifying the most used channels, digital marketing management, and its role in business differentiation. The research employs a qualitative approach complemented by quantitative aspects, including customer surveys and social media content analysis. The sample consisted of local companies of varying sizes and users of social media platforms. The most notable results indicate that Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp were the most used social media platforms for advertising and customer acquisition, while TikTok was seen as an emerging option. Furthermore, it was evident that companies with more planned and consistent strategies achieved higher levels of competitiveness. In conclusion, digital marketing through social media strengthens the competitiveness of the real estate sector in Cuenca.
Identificación de zonas de rentabilidad para el desarrollo inmobiliario en condominios de vivienda unifamiliar, determinados por el nivel de inversión Caso de estudio: Suelo urbano no consolidado de Cuenca, Ecuador
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-02-04) Espinoza Durán, Esteban Mauricio; Herrera Castillo, Nicolás Andrés
In the city of Cuenca, urban growth has driven real estate development toward areas of non-consolidated urban land, creating the need to identify strategic zones with greater profitability potential for residential projects. This research analyzes investment opportunities in single-family housing projects under a condominium regime in these areas. The main objective is to identify zones with the highest potential for real estate development, considering urban, economic, and social factors that influence the feasibility and profitability of such projects. The methodology combines documentary review analysis of urban regulations, with an emphasis on studying variables such as land value, construction costs, the level of basic service consolidation, road accessibility, and proximity to strategic facilities. Based on this information, a comparison is made between different zones of the city, and various investment scenarios are evaluated, differentiated by project scale. The study identifies areas with comparative advantages for implementing single-family housing projects, as well as the main limitations and challenges associated with development in non-consolidated urban land. The results aim to serve as a support tool for decision-making by real estate developers, municipal authorities, and other stakeholders involved in urban planning and management.
El potencial del modelado 3D BIM y la realidad aumentada en la enseñanza de sistemas hidrosanitarios para arquitectos
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-01-23) Pérez Coronel, Adrián Geovanny; Cazar Almache, Fabián Eduardo
The traditional training in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) shows a significant gap between theory and practice, largely due to limited exposure to digital tools like Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Augmented Reality (AR) in higher education (Pérez et al., 2020). These tools are transforming AEC education by creating immersive learning environments that help students visualize and experience construction projects realistically. This combination improves spatial understanding, aids in conflict resolution, promotes active learning, and prepares students for an increasingly digitalized industry (P. Wang et al., 2018). Previous research highlights the effectiveness of virtual reality in teaching and learning (Pérez et al., 2020), but its full potential in fields like hydrosanitary system design remains underexplored. This study will use a mixed-methods approach to evaluate BIM and AR's effectiveness in teaching hydrosanitary system design to architecture students at the University of Cuenca. We will compare academic performance, perceptions, and experiences between a group using traditional methods and another using BIM and AR. The goal is to determine if these tools enhance comprehension and problem-solving skills, leading to better grades and a deeper understanding. We will also assess student motivation. The findings could serve as a model for improving higher education quality locally.
Arquitectura y construcción circular, aplicado a un sistema de envolvente de una vivienda unifamiliar en la ciudad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-01-19) Huiracocha López, Edisson José; Sánchez Castillo, José Hernán
The open - cycle production system in which the architecture and construction currently are developed, generates a negative environmental impact due to excessive resources consumption and high waste generation, which has driven the proposal of new sustainable and circular cycles. The research delves into these cycles and their application to construction and architecture, understanding buildings as systems composed of layers or levels, with the envelope being of great relevance, therefore, as a case study, a wooden envelope system with circular qualities is developed and applied to a single-family home in the city of Cuenca. The study begins by identifying the design qualities involved in the conception of circular architecture and construction, and strengthens the applicability of these concepts or qualities through case studies. The wooden species for the envelope is defined based on circular architecture qualities and market availability. Subsequently, indicators are proposed to measure circularity in construction. Finally, the envelope system is designed and implemented in a dwelling, taking into account the information obtained, and its circularity is measured through the proposed indicators. Ultimately achieving full reuse of the envelope system and a reduction in atmospheric emissions.
Análisis Económico Comparativo de Estructuras de Hormigón y Acero: Una Evaluación para la Optimización de Recursos en Proyectos
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-01-12) Castro Riquetti, José David; Solá Quintuña, Juan Medardo
The research conducts a comparative analysis between reinforced concrete and steel structures, focusing on their seismic-resistant performance and the optimization of resources in construction projects. The study is based on the structural design of a six-story building in Cuenca, Ecuador, modeled in both materials under equivalent conditions of load, geometry, and seismic zoning. Non-structural elements were excluded to center the analysis on the pure structural behavior, while the foundation was designed considering the soil’s bearing capacity and the soil-structure interaction. The adopted methodology is quantitative, supported by international standards such as NEC 2015, ACI 318-19, and ANSI/AISC 360-22, as well as specialized software like ETABS and SAFE, which allowed the simulation of seismic response and the evaluation of parameters such as lateral drifts, torsion, shear walls, bracing systems, and base plates. The main objective is to determine the technical efficiency and economic feasibility of both systems, identifying advantages and limitations from structural and financial perspectives. The results show that steel offers greater ductility and energy dissipation capacity, making it favorable in areas of intense seismic activity, while concrete stands out for its rigidity and lower initial cost. Consequently, it is recommended to select the structural material considering the specific context of the project, balancing safety and economy. The findings highlight the importance of informed decisions that strengthen seismic resilience and promote sustainable, efficient, and adaptable infrastructure in the construction sector.
Análisis de los mecanismos de participación ciudadana aplicados en la aprobación del Plan de desarrollo y ordenamiento territorial y del Plan de uso y gestión de suelo del cantón Cuenca 2022-2030
(Universidad de Cuenca. Facultad de Arquitectura, 2026-01-20) Bonete Montesdeoca, Mery Alexandra; Vivanco Cruz, Lorena Regina
Citizen participation in the approval of development and territorial planning plans is a right guaranteed by the Ecuadorian Constitution and is binding on local governments. Its purpose is to involve citizens in decision-making regarding territorial planning, promoting more democratic and transparent public management. In Latin America, mechanisms such as forums, participatory budgets, and assemblies have been adopted, although they face challenges related to the exclusion of certain groups and the influence of political interests. In Ecuador, the 2008 Constitution establishes mandatory participatory planning through mechanisms such as sectoral citizen councils, consultative councils, public courts, participatory budgets, citizen assemblies, the empty chair, popular assemblies, and citizen oversight bodies. These processes, regulated by the Organic Code of Territorial Organization, Autonomy, and Decentralization (COOTAD) and other regulations, seek to guarantee inclusive and transparent territorial management. In the case of the Cuenca canton, the municipal decentralized autonomous government (GAD) has implemented citizen participation mechanisms, with the Silla Vacía (Vacant Chair) and the General Commission being particularly prominent in the approval of the 2022-2030 PDOT and PUGS (Project Management Plan). During this process, 758 interventions were recorded, of which 35% were from citizens. However, difficulties have been identified that limit effective participation, such as a lack of dissemination, unclear procedures, and regulatory deficiencies. To strengthen these mechanisms, it is necessary to simplify requirements, optimize communication strategies, and guarantee timely and efficient access to information. This will achieve broader, more inclusive, and more effective citizen participation in the processes of taking measures that impact the territorial development of Cuenca.

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