Prevalencia de patología pulpar y periapical en pacientes atendidos en la clínica de Posgrado de Endodoncia de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Cuenca en el periodo marzo 2019- julio 2023

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pulpal and periapical pathology based on the clinical records of patients treated at the Postgraduate Endodontics Clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Cuenca during the period 2019–2023. A cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study was conducted, analyzing 705 clinical records that met previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The collected data were processed using frequency and percentage statistical analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 27.0, and the results were presented through graphs and tables for easier interpretation. The most prevalent pathologies were symptomatic apical periodontitis (69.9%) and previously treated teeth (29.2%) as periapical and pulpal conditions, respectively. A predominance of young adult patients (88.5%) and a higher attendance of female patients (63.3%) were observed. Regarding the type of teeth, molars were the most frequently diagnosed with endodontic pathologies (55.1%). These findings indicate a high prevalence of pulpal and periapical diseases, with a correlation observed between previous endodontic treatments and the presence of apical lesions. Although no significant association was found with sex or age, a statistically significant relationship was identified with the type of tooth involved.