Prevalencia y factores asociados de lesiones intraepiteliales cervicales en mujeres indígenas de los cantones de Cañar, Saraguro y Macas, 2016

Abstract

Objective: Determine the prevalence of intraepithelial lesions (SIL) cervical and associated factors, such as: age > 29 years, begin of active sexual life (BASL) <17 years, multiparity, age at first birth < 20 years, contraceptives, use T Cu, infections (high risk human papilloma virus, gardnerella vaginals, Tricomona vaginalis, Candida albicans, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasmas urealyticum), bacterial vaginosis, inflammation, malnutrition; in indigenous women from Cañar, Saraguro and Macas cantons. Method: An analytical transversal study was carried out. By the ThinPrep-Paptest "liquid based cytology", the cervical cells were obtained for the cytology diagnosis of SIL by the Bethesda system. From a total of 2,489 indigenous women between 15 and 64 years, were spontaneously selected 396 users. To prove the hypothesis, it was used the following statistics, OR, CI 95%, chi square (p value <0.05) and multivariate analysis. Results: Prevalence of SIL 13.8%. The age> 29 years was considered a statistically significant factor associated with the SIL in the absence of HPV (OR 4.2, CI 95%; 1.21-15.04, p value 0.01.) Multiparity was a statistically significant factor associated with SIL (OR 26.7, 95% CI 11.79 - 60.52, p value 0.00) Conclusions: The prevalence of SIL was higher than 10% that those reported in other studies (13.8%), Age> 29 years and multiparity were factors related to the presence of IEL of the uterine cervix.