Imagen corporal y autoestima en mujeres con cáncer de mama atendidas en el Hospital de Especialidades “José Carrasco Arteaga”, Cuenca 2022-2023

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent neoplasm in women worldwide and nationally, so there is a need to investigate the changes that are generated in the life of the cancer patient at the physical, psychological and social levels. Objective: Determining body image and self-esteem in women with breast cancer treated at the "José Carrasco Arteaga" Specialty Hospital, Cuenca 2022 -2023. Methodology: A quantitative study, cross-sectional analytical design was carried out with a sample of 141 women with breast cancer treated at the "José Carrasco Arteaga" Specialty Hospital. A direct interview was carried out with the participants of the study applying a questionnaire with sociodemographic and clinical data elaborated by the authors, the Hopwood Body Image scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale. The analysis was performed with the SPSS v24.0 program using descriptive and inferential statistics, considering statistically significant results at p<0.05 values. Results: Of the study participants, 70.9% have a high body image disturbance and 17.7% have a low degree of self-esteem. In addition, a statistically significant association is identified between body image disturbance and the sociodemographic variables, age (p-value=0.000), marital status (p-value=0.039), and employment status (value= 0.011). Similarly, there is a significant association between self-esteem and type of treatment with a p-value = 0.048. Conclusion: In the study a dissatisfaction with body image is evident in most women.