Prevalencia de lesiones meniscales diagnosticadas mediante resonancia magnética de rodilla en pacientes de 25 a 75 años en el Hospital Monte Sinaí ,Cuenca, Enero 2023 - Enero 2025

Abstract

Background: The knee is one of the most complex joints in the body, functioning as both a structural and mechanical support. However, it is vulnerable to injury, with meniscal tears being the most common, affecting 222 per 100,000 individuals worldwide and occurring more frequently in men. (1) These injuries may be traumatic or degenerative, as menisci progressively wear down with aging. They are classified according to the type of tear, extrusion, and degree of degenerative damage, and are localized based on laterality. (2) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the diagnostic technique of choice for evaluating meniscal injuries, as it is a non-invasive procedure free of ionizing radiation. (3) Objective: to determine the prevalence of meniscal injuries diagnosed through knee magnetic resonance imaging in patients aged 25 to 75 years at Monte Sinai Hospital, Cuenca, from January 2023 to January 2025. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective research project. It includes data from radiological reports provided by Monte Sinai Hospital, Cuenca. Results: A total of 855 radiological studies were analyzed; 586 (68.5%) showed meniscal injury, of which 343 (40.1%) corresponded to male patients and 243 (28.4%) to female patients. The most predominant age group was 35–44 years, with 164 (19.2%). The most frequently affected knee was the right one, with 311 (53%). Lesions were predominantly located in the lateral meniscus, totaling 249 (42.5%). The most common type of tear was complex tears, with 151 (25.8%), followed by Grade II degenerative changes in 257 (43.9%), and lateral extrusion in 187 (31.91%).