Prevalencia de displasia de cadera diagnosticada por radiografía anteroposterior de pelvis en niños de 3 a 18 meses de edad, en la Clínica La Paz, Cuenca – Ecuador. Periodo enero 2020 – enero 2023

Abstract

Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a pathology in the hip joint which affects the femoral head-acetabulum-soft tissue relationship. It can cause alterations such as dislocation, subluxation, or dysplasia (1). According to statistics reported in Cuenca, from May to October 2019, out of 457 patients who underwent anteroposterior X-ray of the pelvis with suspicion of hip dysplasia, 27.13% tested positive (2). Objective: To determine the prevalence of hip dysplasia diagnosed by anteroposterior radiography of the pelvis in children from 3 to 18 months of age, at La Paz clinic, in Cuenca, Ecuador, from January 2020 to January 2023. Methodology: Descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study. The sample was the radiological reports of patients aged 3-18 months old who underwent anteroposterior X-ray of the pelvis and were diagnosed with DDH at the imaging department of La Paz clinic. Data tabulated and analyzed according to the study variables. Results: This study determined that the prevalence of DDH is 30.7%. The most common age was 3-7 months (90.6%); 77.3% of them were females. The pathology was bilateral in 73.4% of the patients. Shenton´s arc was continuous in the right hip (93.7%) and the left hip (86.7%). The ossification center was inner-lower in the right hip (59.4%) and left hip (57.8%). Conclusions: It is concluded that this that this pathology mainly affects females aged 3-7 months old, bilaterally.