Análisis modal y de capacidad sísmica del edificio patrimonial del antiguo colegio Borja ante fallas fuera del plano

Abstract

This study deals with the seismic evaluation of the heritage building Antiguo Colegio Borja (ACB), a large unreinforced masonry structure located in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. The analysis is carried out with special attention to the behavior of the building under out-of-plane failure mechanisms. The investigation starts with an exhaustive characterization that includes detailed geometric surveys, determination of mechanical properties by means of standardized tests, and analysis of previous damage. For numerical modeling, 3DMacro software was used, implementing the discrete macroelement analysis methodology, which allows to adequately represent the nonlinear response of the masonry. The modal analysis identified the predominant vibration modes, while the seismic capacity analysis quantified the vulnerability of the building to lateral forces in terms of maximum achievable strength and ultimate deformation capacity before collapse. The findings of the present study reveal critical damage patterns associated with the interaction between structural elements and highlight the importance of connections in the overall response. The methodology developed provides a framework for the evaluation of similar heritage structures, offering technical bases for intervention decisions that balance conservation and seismic safety.