Evaluación e intervención sobre nociones básicas en niños y niñas con discapacidad intelectual de 4 a 6 años de edad madurativa de los centros especiales ADINEA, Agustín Cueva y UNEDA, año lectivo 2013 - 2014

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was of action-intervention type, whose objective has been to evaluate, intervene, and elaborate a work guide for teachers on basic notions for children with intellectual disability; from three educational institutions from the province of Azuay, canton Cuenca, by applying the Boehm test.

We worked with 30 children, with a developmental age of 4 to 6 years old, comprising mild and moderate cases of intellectual disability; having also been previously evaluated by the psychologist of each institution.

The number of boys was greater than the number of girls, which distributed correct and incorrect answers in a similar manner through both sexes. With the fallowing results obtained in the categories of spatial (29.44%), temporary (40%), quantity (48.04%), and others (46%), we proceeded to intervene with the children during a three month period; taking as a foundation the fallowing levels of learning: bodily, concrete, and abstract with an implementation-application of a didactic guide put at the reach of the children as a resource that complements and gives a significant support for the process of development; which combines the advantages of new technology, digital manipulation , and experiments with different sounds and images which promote the development of basic notions.

To finalize our work, a second evaluation was conducted with the Boehm test, which showed an increase in knowledge of notions in the spatial (73.10%), temporary (71.74%), quantity (59.79%), and others (64.44%) categories.

KEY WORDS: THE BOEHM TEST, CHILDREN, LEARNING, BASIC NOTIONS, INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY, CHILD DEVELOPMENT, DEVELOPMENTAL AGE.