Revisión bibliométrica del síndrome de burnout y su relación con el desempeño laboral en docentes universitarios

Abstract

Burnout syndrome is an occupational disease that affects one of the most vulnerable professions worldwide, such as teaching in higher education, its effects are both physical and psychological. The objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between the variables burnout and job performance in university teachers, identifying the demographic factors that influence the occurrence of the syndrome, in addition, to seek alternatives to prevent and mitigate. Through a search in the Scopus and Science Direct databases, 234 articles were extracted, and the Bibliometrix program was used to analyze keywords, abstracts and titles; examining quantitative characteristics with co-word analysis and network mapping techniques. The research shows that burnout syndrome has a significant negative relationship with the work performance of university teachers, focusing mainly on emotional exhaustion. Demographic factors such as workload, years of experience, level of education, age and job stability are important in identifying teachers with greater vulnerability. The need for educational institutions and university teachers to take organizational and personal measures to prevent the onset of the syndrome and to address the associated problems is emphasized. Some measures include ongoing support for teachers, professional development courses, training in relationship skills, competencies to control emotions in stressful situations, and regular training tailored to the needs of teachers.