Prevalencia de malnutrición y obesidad abdominal; y su relación con actividad física en niños/as de la Escuela Brasil. Gualaceo-Azuay, 2016

Abstract

The prevalence of overweight and childhood obesity in Ecuador and around the world is a growing problem; it is alarming due to the direct correlation with the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The sanitary and social consequences require the truthful identification of its magnitude and trend. Objective: to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and abdominal obesity, and the relationship with physical activity in schoolchildren between ages 6 to 12 years old at Brasil School, Gualaceo - Azuay. 2016. Methods: analytical and transversal study with CI 95%, made during the period 2015-2016 with the children of Brasil School, Gualaceo, Azuay. A database was established in SPSS program version 15; central tendency, dispersion analysis and supplementary simple frequency tables and cross tables were done, to determine the existence of risk with statistical significance (p<0,05) and the association of variables. Results: the average age of the 344 schoolchildren is 8.9 ± 1.817 years. The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 42.4%, being highest in the group of 6-8 years (52.8%) and in males (73.2%). Physical inactivity was (73.5%) together with higher prevalence of abdominal obesity. Abdominal obesity in schoolchildren is associated with: malnutrition RR 2,49 (CI95%: 1,901– 3,244), p = 0,000; obesity RR 2,24 (CI95%: 1,834 – 2,755), p = 0,000; overweight and obesity RR 3,25 (IC 95%: 2,511 – 4,200), p = 0,000. There was no significant association between physical activity, overweight children, and abdominal obesity found. Conclusions: malnutrition, obesity, obesity + overweight are risk factors to develop abdominal obesity; and physical inactivity is 1,56 more risk to develop malnutrition, being statistically significant