Prevalencia de tuberculosis pulmonar en pacientes del Centro de Salud n° 1 Pumapungo, 2014-2019

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease that mainly affects the respiratory system, however it can affect any other organ and tissue; the causal agent is the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis which can be fatal if the patient does not receive adequate treatment for this reason it is considered a public health problem worldwide. General objective: To establish the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients of the Health Center No. 1 “Pumapungo” in Cuenca city during the period 2014-2019. Methodology: The study was descriptive, observational and retrospective in which data from the medical records of patients who underwent smear microscopy in the Clinical Laboratory service of the Health Center No. 1 “Pumapungo” between the years 2014 – 2019, the data obtained in the collection instrument was analyzed and tabulated with SPSS 2.2 to get the total prevalence, later the information was associated according to the established variables. Results: According to the data obtained, there was a total of 1241 cases of respiratory symptoms during the years 2014 - 2019, of which 25 (2%) were positive for pulmonary tuberculosis, of which the male gender was predominant with 56% (14 reports) in relation to the female gender corresponding to 44% (11 reports), with a greater number of cases in the age group between 21 to 30 years with 56% (14 reports) considered as young adults. In addition, there were cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in the first sputum sample, representing 56%, and in samples with a mucopurulent appearance, corresponding to 72%.