Análisis de los sistemas productivos bovinos del cantón Cuenca

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to analyze the cattle productive systems with holistic view of the factors of the UPAs, this research was realized in the rural suburbs in the canton Cuenca, was determined a sample of 764 UPAs was distributed in three categories: UPAs less than 5 hectares (small), UPAs from 5 to 50 hectares (medium) and UPAs larger than 50 hectares (large). The information was obtained from the database and the technical surveys applied to the owners. Statistical analysis included evidence of the Exploration of the variables, Statistician main, Analysis of principal components and Analysis of clusters. Socio-economic aspects of the producers indicated that more than 50% of producers performs old age, 85% has knowledge of the writing and reading. In regard to the characteristics of the UPA, the natural pasture presented in percentages of 72,4±1,42 % in small, 51,3±2,39% in medium and 53.7 ±7.01 % in large, grass artificial 34.5±1.34 %, 52.4±2.39 %, 48.6±7.05 % respectively. The age at first service was 22,5±0,25 months in small, 22,4 ± 0,42 months in medium and 20,0 ±0,81 months in the major. Average individual production in the small is 7, 0±0, 14 liters, 10 medium, 6±0, 30 liters and large 13, 8±1, 02 liters. Factorial analysis indicated that the small UPAs consist of 13 components and 76,42% of explanation, medium-sized 11 components and 76,99% of explanation and the big 6 components and 84,60% of explanation; 6 sets by using cluster analysis was obtained