Factores psicológicos y sociales que influyen en el control prenatal, Azogues 2017

Abstract

Background: the prenatal care focuses on analyzing the correct evolution of pregnancy, timely detection of risks, and provides necessary recommendations to allow the healthy development of the mother and child. The absence of the pregnant women to the respective control can be related to social and psychological factors, between the social factors this the age, social stratum and economic aspects; while within the psychological the disorders such as anxiety and self-esteem.

General objective: determine the psychological and social factors influencing prenatal care, Azogues 2017.

Methodology: An analytical, prospective study with a quantitative approach was carried out, with a universe of 265 pregnant women, for which a probabilistic sample calculation was applied with a 95% confidence level. As a result, 128 pregnant women attended the Azogues Health Center in June, July and August. The technique was the filling of a survey. The instruments that were used were the one from Quelopana that would allow identification of social factors, and to identify the psychological factors, the Rosenberg test and the STAI (Trait Anxiety Inventory) questionnaire were applied.

Results: 20.3% of pregnant women are between 15 and 19 years old, a completed secondary education level prevails (40.6), 46.1% are housewives, and 50.4% have a level socioeconomic low in relation to the level of self-esteem, 89% have a low level of self-esteem, and state anxiety (97.3%) and anxiety-trait (92.9%); 96.1% have an early start of prenatal control.

Conclusions: the null hypothesis is rejected, the factor that influences the prenatal control is the level of self-esteem