Integración sensorial en usuarios con parálisis cerebral de 3-14 años en Instituciones de Educación Especializada e Inclusiva de la Ciudad de Cuenca - Ecuador, 2024

Abstract

Background: Humans are able to interact with the environment due to sensory integration, a process that allows the nervous system to capture, organize and interpret information to generate an adaptive response. Cerebral Palsy is characterized by alterations in sensitivity and perception, and it is interesting to know its sensory processing. Objective: To determine the general sensory profile in users with cerebral palsy from 3 to 14 years old in the Specialized and Inclusive Education Institutions of the City of Cuenca - Ecuador, 2024. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out between September 2024 and February 2025, in 61 users with Cerebral Palsy from 3 to 14 years old enrolled in the Cerebral Palsy Institute of Azuay and the Stephen Hawking Educational Institute. The Brief Sensory Profile-2 questionnaire was used. Results: Of the 61 users evaluated, 32.8% were between 9 and 11 years old, and 60.7% were men. There was an alteration in all sensory patterns, with 100% in registration, 100% in sensory state, and 93.4% in behavioral state. Users aged between 3-5 years showed 100% alteration in 3 of the 4 sensory patterns. Men showed alteration in the search patterns (97.3%), sensitivity (94.6%), and registration (100%). 100% of the users of basic preparatory school showed alteration in all sensory patterns. Conclusion: In addition to the motor component affected in Cerebral Palsy, there is an alteration in sensory integration, therefore, it is important to evaluate the sensory profile.