Frecuencia de la sobreexpresión de HER-2 en pacientes con cáncer de mama en el Instituto del Cáncer SOLCA, Cuenca en el periodo 2016-2019

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant neoplasm in the female population, constituting approximately 25% of all cancers in women around the world. This pathology presents a very heterogeneous etiology since several factors are involved, it has been proved that the HER-2 oncogene encodes a transmembrane growth factor receptor, which is overexpressed in 20 to 30% of breast cancer cases and is associated with an adverse prognosis of the disease due to its aggressive biological behavior Objective: To determine the frequency of HER-2 overexpression in breast cancer patients at the Solca Cancer Institute, Cuenca in the period 2016-2019. Methodology: The present research was descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective. The universe consisted of a female population with breast cancer, whose breast tissue samples were sent to the Immunohistochemistry laboratory of the “Instituto Del Cancer, Solca-Cuenca”, for HER-2 determination. Descriptive statistics and association tests were used for the analysis and interpretation of the results. Results: 623 charts of breast cancer patients with age limits of 18 to 96 years of age between 2016 and 2019 were included. 26.8% overexpressed HER-2. No relationship of age, origin, parity and family history with HER-2 overexpression in breast cancer was found. On the other hand, there was a relationship between HER-2 overexpression with disease stage and hormone receptor expression (estrogen and progesterone).