Factores asociados a la insatisfacción corporal en adolescentes de una unidad educativa de Azogues

Abstract

In the past few years, body image dissatisfaction has been a problematic that involves mainly adolescents, given the fact that physical, psychological and social changes experimented at this stage make them more susceptible to perceive a negative body image. The objective of this investigation was to determine the association of factors such as age, sex, social network usage and self-esteem, with body image dissatisfaction in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, from an Azogues school. The study has a quantitative approach, it’s a non- experimental design, of transversal type, with a correlational scope. The sample were 212 adolescents that attend Unidad Educativa UNE. They were applied a sociodemographic record with relevant data, then the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) to evaluate their body image dissatisfaction and finally the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSE). The descriptive data was analyzed by measures of central tendency and dispersion; later the Kolmogorov Smirnov test was applied to verify the normality of data distribution, also Rho of Spearman and U Mann Whitney were used. The main findings were that only an 18.9 % of adolescents have a body image dissatisfaction throughout the different levels. Furthermore, body image dissatisfaction is associated with age and with a positive or negative self-esteem. On the other hand, social networking does not have a significative difference statistically, as opposed to what happens with the variable sex.